Transcript Document 7279847

The Internet for Beginners
presented by Kathy Schrock
The Itinerary
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Introduction to the Internet
Segments of the Internet
Introduction to the browser
How to speak "URL"
Curriculum tie-ins
How to find what you want
What is the Internet?
• Computers connected together are called a
network.
• Networks let computers share programs and
information.
• The Internet is a network of many smaller
networks made up of millions of personal
computers connected to thousands of host
servers.
Everyone’s computer
connected!
Segments of the Internet
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World Wide Web
Gopher
Telnet
E-mail
FTP
Newsgroups
World Wide Web (WWW)
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Includes text and pictures
Hypertext and non-linear
Sound and video can be accessed
Point-and-click
Use a Web browser to access
Example of a WWW Page
Gopher
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Text-based
Menu-driven and linear
Precursor to World Wide Web
Accessible through a Web browser
Example of a Gopher page
Telnet
• A way of using distant computers as if
you were right there in person
• Used to access large databases, like
libraries
• Need a special Telnet program to use
Example of a Telnet session
Electronic Mail (E-mail)
• Electronic mail allows you to send and
receive electronic messages
• Fast and convenient
• Can also include attachments like files
and pictures with e-mail messages
Example of Netscape Mail
File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
• FTP is a way to share files and programs
• Download files from large archives to
your own computer
• Done via the browser or a special piece
of FTP software
Example of FTP Archive
Newsgroups
• Bulletin-board discussion groups based on
various topics
• Thousands exist
• A good place to get information about an
area of interest
• Remember that the responses come from all
types of people
Example of Newsgroup Reader
Using The World Wide Web
Web Browsers
• A computer program that lets you access the
WWW and “browse” the Internet for
information
• Common browsers :
Netscape Navigator
Internet Explorer
Mosaic
Web Sites
• A single group of many pages dealing with
the same topic and written by the same
person is called a Web site.
• A Web site is like a magazine with many
articles. A home page is like a front cover
that tells what is inside.
Hypertext Links
• Underlined words on a Web page that allow
you to jump to another place or Web page
• They look like this : the survey included
• Hidden codes are attached to these words
• This coding is called Hypertext Markup
Language (HTML)
More on Links
• The links might be in the form of pictures
such as
• Links might lead to text, video, or sounds
• When you move your cursor over a link, it
turns into a pointing finger
The Browser Toolbar : Netscape
To move
backward
one page
To go
to the
home
page
To go
forward
one
page
To
print
that
page
To open
a dialog
box to
type a
URL
To
find
a
word
on
that
page
To stop
a page
from
loading
The Browser Toolbar : Internet Explorer
Read Newsgroups
Open Send
To move
backward
one page
Refresh
Stop
To move
forward
one page
Open Favorites
Change
Font Size
Search
the Net Add to
Favorites
Start Page
Edit
Source
Uniform Resource Locators
• A URL is the unique address assigned to
each page on the Internet
• Your browser uses the URL to find
information located on another computer
and to retrieve the corresponding page
situated on that server
Anatomy of a URL
http://www.capecod.net/schrockguide/eval.htm
Hypertext
Transfer
Protocol
Directory
on the
server
Address
of ISP
Network
domain
File name
(HTML
format)
Different Protocols on the Net
http://
ftp://
gopher://
news:
telnet://
mailto:
hypertext transfer protocol (WWW)
file transfer protocol
gopher site
newsgroup
telnet
e-mail address
Different Domains on the Net
.com
.net
.edu
.org
.net
.mil
.gov
commercial
network
educational
organization
network
military
government
Speaking “URL”
http://www.capecod.net/~kschrock/index.htm
h-t-t-p colon slash slash
w-w-w dot capecod dot net
slash tilde kschrock
slash index dot htm
Curriculum Tie-Ins
Curriculum Tie-Ins
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E-mail projects
Internet resources for teachers
Internet curriculum integration
WebQuests
E-Mail Projects
E-Mail Projects
•Person-to-person exchanges
•Information collections
•Problem-solving projects
Harris, Judy. Way of the Ferret. ISTE, 1994
Person-to-Person Exchanges
• Keypals : e-mail penpals
• Global classrooms : 2 or more classrooms
studying the same topic
• Electronic appearances by special guests
• Electronic mentoring by subject experts
• Impersonations : participants communicate
with each other in character
Information Collections
• Information exchanges : jokes, slang, etc.
• Electronic publishing : collaborative
• TeleField Trips : sharing real field trips
electronically with others
• Pooled data analysis : data collected at
various sites and combined in a database
Problem-Solving Projects
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Information searches : collaborative hunts
Electronic process writing : peer edits
Sequential creation of a poem, story, etc.
Parallel problem-solving : answers to a
posed question shared electronically
• Simulations in "real" time
• Social action projects : action-oriented
Locating Online Projects
•E-mail Classroom Exchange
http://www.iglou.com/xchange/ece/index.html
•Newsgroups
http://www.indiana.edu/~eric_rec/comatt/nwsgrps.html
•Listservs http://k12.cnidr.org:90/lists.html
•Web sites for educators
http://www.capecod.net/schrockguide/ed.htm
Internet Resources for
Teachers
Internet Resources for Teachers
•Lesson plans
•Curriculum support materials
•Professional development activities
•Grant searching
•Communication with others
•Collaboration locally and globally
Internet Curriculum Integration
Internet Curriculum Integration
•Use of the Internet to supplement existing
curriculum
•Unique tools available on the Internet
•Students actively involved in learning
•Students construct their own knowledge
Samples of Activities
Taken from :
Offutt, Dr. Elizabeth Rhodes and Charles R. Offutt.
Internet without fear. NJ : Good Apple, 1996.
Spirographs and Math!
http://juniper.tc.cornell.edu:8000/spiro/spiro.html
•Site with a program to generate Spirograph
designs on the computer
•Help students enter integers at the site for the
radii of the fixed and rotating circles
•Challenge your students to re-create the
design with a real Spirograph
1492 Columbus
http://www.millersv.edu/~columbus/
•Students can travel with Columbus on a
virtual field trip
•Have students create a Hyperstudio
presentation using information from this site
•Have students change the situations and
therefore the outcomes
Food Guide Pyramid
http://www.servtech.com/public/cecarlin/maypotm/food.htm
•Site provides information about the food
pyramid and an illustration
•Have students create a survey for their
classmates to find out how healthy their
eating habits are and enter the results in a
database or spreadsheet
International Games
http://www.usa1.com/gands/
•This site contains information about
popular games in other parts of the world
•Discuss the differences between games
played in the US and the world
•Have students mark a world map with
names and locations of the sports
The Great Penny Toss
http://ralphbunche.rbs.edu/RBS_Forms/RBS.html
•This site allows students to collect data and
participate in a worldwide, datacollection project
•Incorporate this site into a unit on statistics
•E-mail the results to the project
WebQuest
An inquiry-oriented activity in which
some or all of the information that
learners interact with comes from
resources on the Internet
Critical Attributes of a
WebQuest
• Introduction
• Process description
• Interesting task
• Guidance in organizing
information
• A set of information
sources both print and
Internet
• Conclusion
Further WebQuest Information
http://www.capecod.net/schrockguide/
webquest/webquest.htm
How To Find What You Want
Directories vs. Search Engines
Directories
• Lists of Web sites
added by a human
• May be general or
subject-specific
• Yahoo : general
• Kathy Schrock's Guide
for Educators :
subject-specific
Search engines
• An index built by a
computer program that
goes out and collects
data
• More inclusive than a
directory
• Keyword searchable
Successful Searching
•Combining terms is called Boolean logic
•Combine terms to both expand and limit
your search
•Most search engines have an advanced
feature that allows this
Boolean Logic : AND
Limits your search
Women & History
Only returns pages with both of
these terms on them
Boolean Logic : OR
Broadens your search
Women or History
Returns every page with either of
these terms on them
Boolean Logic : NOT
Limits your search
Women not History
Only returns pages that contain
one but not the other term on them
Sites to Refer To
•Kathy Schrock's Guide for Educators
http://www.capecod.net/schrockguide/
•WebQuests in Our Future : The Teacher's Role in Cyberspace
http://www.capecod.net/schrockguide/webquest/webquest.htm
•Differences Between Search Engines and Directories
http://www.capecod.net/schrockguide/mystery/mystery1.htm
The End
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