Transcript STI GOVERNANCE IN NIGERIA: THE ROLE OF PARLIAMENT

Federal Republic of Nigeria
National Centre for Technology Management (NACETEM)
Federal Ministry of Science and Technology
STI GOVERNANCE IN NIGERIA:
THE ROLE OF PARLIAMENT
Willie O. Siyanbola, PhD (Sussex)
Director-General/Chief Executive
National Centre for Technology Management
Being a paper presented at the launching of African Inter-Parliamentary Forum on Science,
Technology and Innovation (AIP-STI ) on 2nd of May, 2011 at Addis-Ababa, Ethiopia
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© Siyanbola, 2011
Federal Republic of Nigeria
National Centre for Technology Management (NACETEM)
Federal Ministry of Science and Technology
Acknowledgement (1)
• LOC of CODIST-II
• International Network for the Availability of
Scientific Publications (INASP), U.K.
• Nigerian National Assembly S&T Committee
Members
• Federal Ministry of Science and Technology
• NACETEM Technical Team on INASP
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© Siyanbola, 2011
Federal Republic of Nigeria
National Centre for Technology Management (NACETEM)
Federal Ministry of Science and Technology
Acknowledgement (2)
• NACETEM-INASPS Project Team Members
– Dr. W.O. Siyanbola
– Dr. A. J. Famurewa
– Mr. G. A. Ali
– Mr M. Sanni
– Mrs. O. T. Aladesanmi
– Dr. Kirsty Newman
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Team Leader
Member
Member
Member
Project Secretary
Project Advisor
© Siyanbola, 2011
Federal Republic of Nigeria
National Centre for Technology Management (NACETEM)
Federal Ministry of Science and Technology
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OUTLINE
Background Information
– Why STI in the Parliament
– System of Government in Nigeria
• STI Administration in Nigeria
– Historical STI Trend in Nigeria
– Lessons Leant
• STI In Parliament: NACETEM Engagement with the Legislature
– Experts’ Fora 2006/2009
– INASP-NACETEM Project 2010/2011
– Lessons Leant
• Concluding Remarks
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© Siyanbola, 2011
Federal Republic of Nigeria
National Centre for Technology Management (NACETEM)
Federal Ministry of Science and Technology
Background Information
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© Siyanbola, 2011
Federal Republic of Nigeria
National Centre for Technology Management (NACETEM)
Federal Ministry of Science and Technology
Why STI in the parliament? (1)
• The pivotal role of Science, Technology and Innovation (STI)
in national development has been demonstrated globally.
• For STI to thrive, political will is required.
• Parliament can provide the Political will since it is saddled
with the following responsibilities, amongst others:
– Passage and review of bills
– Policy formulation and implementation
– Planning, budgeting and scrutinization of fiscal and general activities of the
government
– Coordination and resource allocation
– Execution of development-relevant projects/ programmes including STI
projects.
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© Siyanbola, 2011
Federal Republic of Nigeria
National Centre for Technology Management (NACETEM)
Federal Ministry of Science and Technology
System of Government in
Nigeria
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© Siyanbola, 2011
Federal Republic of Nigeria
National Centre for Technology Management (NACETEM)
Federal Ministry of Science and Technology
FEDERAL
REPUBLIC OF
NIGERIA
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© Siyanbola, 2011
Federal Republic of Nigeria
National Centre for Technology Management (NACETEM)
Federal Ministry of Science and Technology
System of Government in Nigeria (1)
• 36 States and a Capital Territory, with an elected President and a
Bi-cameral Legislature.
• It operates the presidential and Federalism systems of Government
with three distinct but complementary arms namely the Executive,
the Legislature and the Judiciary (EFRN, 2004).
• Executive power is exercised by the federal or state government.
• Legislative power is vested in both the two chambers of the
legislature, the House of Representatives and the Senate.
• Together the two chambers make up the law-making body in
Nigeria called the National Assembly.
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© Siyanbola, 2011
Federal Republic of Nigeria
National Centre for Technology Management (NACETEM)
Federal Ministry of Science and Technology
System of Government in Nigeria (2)
Executive
Legislature
Judiciary
(National Assembly)
Federal Ministry
Senate
House of Representatives
Parastatals/Agencies
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© Siyanbola, 2011
Federal Republic of Nigeria
National Centre for Technology Management (NACETEM)
Federal Ministry of Science and Technology
Structure of Nigerian National Assembly
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The National Assembly of the Federal Government of
Nigeria is a bicameral legislature established under
section 4 of the 1999 Constitution of Nigeria.
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Membership:
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It is modeled after the United States Congress
– Senate- 109
– House of Representatives 360
• Senate: equal representation of the states irrespective of
its population.
• House of representative: Constituency
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© Siyanbola, 2011
Federal Republic of Nigeria
National Centre for Technology Management (NACETEM)
Federal Ministry of Science and Technology
Management Structure of the STI System in
Nigeria
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© Siyanbola, 2011
Federal Republic of Nigeria
National Centre for Technology Management (NACETEM)
Federal Ministry of Science and Technology
STI Administration in Nigeria:
Historical Perspectives and Major
Milestones
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© Siyanbola, 2011
Federal Republic of Nigeria
National Centre for Technology Management (NACETEM)
Federal Ministry of Science and Technology
Major Historical STI Developments in Nigeria (1)
YEAR
MILESTONE
1966
Establishment of National Council for Scientific Industrial Research
1970
(NSCSIR)
1st real Federal Organ for Science and Technology administration –
Nigerian Council for Science and Technology, (NCST) with 4 research
councils, viz: ARCN, MRCN, NSRCN and IRCN.
1976
Recommendation of S&T policy to guide national development,
especially rural and industrial development. The need for- all in charge
S&T body re-emerged.
1977
Formation of National Science and Technology Development Agency
(NSTDA)
1980
Formation of FMST with six departments and 22 research institutes
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© Siyanbola, 2011
Federal Republic of Nigeria
National Centre for Technology Management (NACETEM)
Federal Ministry of Science and Technology
Major Historical STI Developments in Nigeria (2)
1984
FMST merged with Federal Ministry of Education to become the
Federal Ministry of Education, Science and Technology
1985
FMST separated from Education; regained autonomy
1986
First National Policy on S&T launched, leading to the establishment
of the National Council for Science and Technology (NCST) and the
National Science and Technology Development Fund (NSTF) in 1987
1988
Establishment of the Raw Materials Research and Development
Council (RMRDC)
1992
FMST scrapped; replaced by the National Agency for Science and
Engineering Infrastructure (NASENI). NACETEM was established to
develop human capacity in the management of STI.
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© Siyanbola, 2011
Federal Republic of Nigeria
National Centre for Technology Management (NACETEM)
Federal Ministry of Science and Technology
Major Historical STI Developments in Nigeria (3)
1995
FMST again re-established with NASENI subsumed under it
1997
The 1986 National S&T Policy was reviewed leading to the
production of the second S&T policy
1999
Return of Democracy: Federal Government of Nigeria initiated
the reform of the S&T system in collaboration with UNESCO
and the Government of Japan.
2003
Another attempt to review the 1997 S&T policy.
2007
First communication satellite (NIGCOMSAT) launched
2010
Reform of STI system
Concluded; Commencement of STI
Policy review by the FMST and NACETEM
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© Siyanbola, 2011
Federal Republic of Nigeria
National Centre for Technology Management (NACETEM)
Federal Ministry of Science and Technology
Lessons Learnt from the Trends
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© Siyanbola, 2011
Federal Republic of Nigeria
National Centre for Technology Management (NACETEM)
Federal Ministry of Science and Technology
Lessons Learnt from the Trends
• Political instabilities in the nation negatively
affected many areas including:
– Socio-economic Development
– S&T development
– Long term Planning
• STI Policy inconsistencies
– Weak S&T policy implementation, and
– Weak Institutions
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© Siyanbola, 2011
Federal Republic of Nigeria
National Centre for Technology Management (NACETEM)
Federal Ministry of Science and Technology
Lessons Learnt from the Trends
• However, between 1993 and now, ST
Administration has experienced some stability/
consistency, hence the following achievements:
– Progressive review and implementation of the nation ‘s
ST policy
– Evolution and Development of National innovation
system
– Initiation of specific flagship programs that drive
development such as ICT, Biotechnology, Space
Technology and Energy.
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© Siyanbola, 2011
Federal Republic of Nigeria
National Centre for Technology Management (NACETEM)
Federal Ministry of Science and Technology
The New Thinking !
• The need to evolve and build a virile national
system of innovation demands that all hands must
be on deck!
• Government and effective STI governance is
pivotal for success
• Parliament is indispensable
• NACETEM conceived the Experts Forum on STI
Management primarily to sensitise key players at
the highest level of government in Nigeria to the
strategic importance of S&T in national
© Siyanbola, 2011
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development.
Federal Republic of Nigeria
National Centre for Technology Management (NACETEM)
Federal Ministry of Science and Technology
NACETEM Engagement with the
Legislature
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© Siyanbola, 2011
Federal Republic of Nigeria
National Centre for Technology Management (NACETEM)
Federal Ministry of Science and Technology
NACETEM’s Engagement with the Legislature
• Experts’ Forum on STI management (2006)
• Experts’ Forum on STI management (2009)
• The STI HandBook Project for Policy Makers
• INASP-NACETEM Project (2010/11)
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© Siyanbola, 2011
Federal Republic of Nigeria
National Centre for Technology Management (NACETEM)
Federal Ministry of Science and Technology
(1) Experts’ Fora on STI management (2006 & 2009)
Focus of the meetings
• Foster interaction between policy makers and the academia,
• Expose participants to issues relating to:
a)
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S&T policy formulation and evaluation,
funding and budgeting,
monitoring and control, and
forging partnership with international organizations for S&T development.
• Bridge the communication gap between S&T agencies & law makers,
especially in budget defense, sponsorship and passage of bills
b)
Participants
S&T Committee members of the National Assembly and resource
persons drawn from the academia, government agencies and
various international organizations.
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© Siyanbola, 2011
Federal Republic of Nigeria
National Centre for Technology Management (NACETEM)
Federal Ministry of Science and Technology
c) Outcomes (Communiqué)
• Forum to take place before the commencement of the National budget
exercise.
• Strong network of the Legislature-University-Industry–S&T Academies
fellowship to be established
• Results of STI R&D to be communicated to legislators to enhance good
policies.
• Legislators at the State and Local Government levels to be carried along
with the national legislators on STI policy issues in the country.
• National Assembly to engage consultants who will provide expert advice.
• National Assembly to collaborate with NACETEM in capacity building
especially on content development and oversight functions.
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© Siyanbola, 2011
Federal Republic of Nigeria
National Centre for Technology Management (NACETEM)
Federal Ministry of Science and Technology
Summary of Papers presented at the fora
Paper Titles
Presenters
National System of Innovation:
Concept, formulation/Evaluation,
Policy Reform and Agenda for Action
Prof. M. O. Ilori, Former Director, Technology Planning
and Development Unit, Obafemi Awolowo University,
Ile-Ife.
Challenges of Science, Engineering,
Technology and Innovation (SETI) in a
global economy
T. F. Okujagu, Director-General/CEO, Nigerian Natural
Medicine Development Agency & Desk Officer,
Nigeria/UNESCO, STI System Reform Project
Planning, Programming and Budgeting Prof. S. A. Sanni, Pioneer Executive Director of National
for STI
Centre for Technology Management and President,
Nigerian Academy of Engineering.
S&T Content Development in the
Dr. Willie O. Siyanbola (Director-General/CEO, National
National Assembly and Guidelines for Centre for Technology Management)
Implementation of Oversight Functions
Parliamentary Handling of S&T Issues:
The UK Experience
Dr. Kirsty Newman, Parliamentary Office of Science
and Technology, POST, House of Commons, UK)
Book Review on Science &Technology
Literacy Handbook for Legislators,
Policy Makers & Administrators
Prof. Sola Ehindero, Faculty of Education, Obafemi
Awolowo University, lle-Ife
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© Siyanbola, 2011
Federal Republic of Nigeria
National Centre for Technology Management (NACETEM)
Federal Ministry of Science and Technology
@ Experts’ Forum in 2009
@ Experts’ Forum in 2006
Chairman S&T committee@ Official Commission of
NACETEM New Hqtr. Complex March, 2011
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© Siyanbola, 2011
Federal Republic of Nigeria
National Centre for Technology Management (NACETEM)
Federal Ministry of Science and Technology
2) INASP-NACETEM Project
‘Evaluation of Source and Quality of Science and Technology
Information Available to Ministry Officials and Members of the
National Assembly in Nigeria’.
a) Overview
The project was conceived based on key decisions reached at the
expert forum of 2009
b) Objectives
- provide a baseline data on the status of ST management
knowledge in the Assembly
- assess the knowledge transfer system between the National
assembly S & T committees, ministry officials and the scientific
community in order to enhance rapid economic development
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© Siyanbola, 2011
Federal Republic of Nigeria
National Centre for Technology Management (NACETEM)
Federal Ministry of Science and Technology
% Distribution
c) Some Outcomes from the Study
Senate STI Committee Members: 11
House of Representatives STI Committee Members: 25
Source: NACETEM-INASP (2011)
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© Siyanbola, 2011
Federal Republic of Nigeria
National Centre for Technology Management (NACETEM)
Federal Ministry of Science and Technology
STI Committee members’ Educational Qualification
Source: NACETEM-INASP (2011)
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© Siyanbola, 2011
Federal Republic of Nigeria
National Centre for Technology Management (NACETEM)
Federal Ministry of Science and Technology
Field of Study of STI Committee Members
Source: NACETEM-INASP (2011)
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© Siyanbola, 2011
Federal Republic of Nigeria
National Centre for Technology Management (NACETEM)
Federal Ministry of Science and Technology
Sources of STI Information for the National Assembly
Source: NACETEM-INASP (2011)
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© Siyanbola, 2011
Federal Republic of Nigeria
National Centre for Technology Management (NACETEM)
Federal Ministry of Science and Technology
Communication Channels for Receiving STI Information
Source: NACETEM-INASP (2011)
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© Siyanbola, 2011
Federal Republic of Nigeria
National Centre for Technology Management (NACETEM)
Federal Ministry of Science and Technology
d) Lessons Learnt from the Study
• Discussing STI Issues in the parliament is a necessity
not a luxury.
• In special situations, committees on STI at the
National Assembly must statutorily include members
with academic qualification in science, Engineering
and Technology.
• The parliament may generally not be sufficiently
knowledgeable to understand all the S&T issues,
hence the need to engage experts/consultants in
specific areas
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© Siyanbola, 2011
Federal Republic of Nigeria
National Centre for Technology Management (NACETEM)
Federal Ministry of Science and Technology
c) Recommendations from the study
- Government to encourage the National Assembly members to
make use of the NASS library and other libraries for quality S&T
information gathering in addition to the Internet and media.
- Government to also strengthen the existing interactions among the
key actors in the policy making process.
- Efforts to be made to create a statutory S&T Liaison Office (similar
to UK’s Parliamentary Office of S&T) for the dissemination of
quality S&T knowledge as well as provide access to expert
opinion/viewpoints on S&T matters to the parliamentarians.
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© Siyanbola, 2011
Federal Republic of Nigeria
National Centre for Technology Management (NACETEM)
Federal Ministry of Science and Technology
Maximizing the effectiveness of STI for National
Development:
What role for the parliament?
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•
STI in Parliament will ensure clearer Understanding and correct
perspectives on available STI (and other) resources and how to
harness these resources for wealth creation and employment
generation in the country.
Quality STI debate, review and enactment of appropriate/
relevant laws for overall transformation of the national
economy.
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© Siyanbola, 2011
Federal Republic of Nigeria
National Centre for Technology Management (NACETEM)
Federal Ministry of Science and Technology
Concluding Remarks
When the winds of change are blowing,
one build shelter and others build windmils
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© Siyanbola, 2011
Federal Republic of Nigeria
National Centre for Technology Management (NACETEM)
Federal Ministry of Science and Technology
THANK YOU
FOR YOUR
ATTENTION
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© Siyanbola, 2011