Strengthening Urban Management India 2004 for City Development: Hyderabad Experience
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Strengthening Urban Management India 2004 City Development Strategy As a Strategic Tool for City Development: Hyderabad Experience Prof. V. Srinivas Chary Dr A. Narender Administrative Staff College of India Bella Vista Hyderabad Why CDS? Cities need to plan ahead in order to make more informed choices about the future and they need to act now A city development strategy supports cities in this critical decision-making process and is focused on implementation What is CDS? IT IS A TOOL TO HELP TO CREATE SUSTAINABLE CITIES Objective of CDS To create cities that are: – well governed Competitive – economically productive Bankable - sound financial health Livable - high quality environment Manageable What is CDS? It is an action plan for equitable growth in cities and their surrounding regions, developed and sustained through participation, to improve the quality of life for all citizens What CDS Does? Helps diagnose the challenges faced by the city Develops strategic and process oriented thinking Creates better understanding of linkages between interventions and outcomes What CDS Does? Enables participation of stakeholders including the poor in development Optimises city resources for growth and development Helps to link up with national and global economies CDS Process Stakeholder analysis Preparation of comprehensive development framework City consultations Vision, SAP and CIP Implementation and Monitoring Who is Responsible for Preparing CDS? The local government under the leadership of Mayor/Commissioner A high level inter institutional task force under the Chairpersonship of Mayor/Commissioner Appointing a Local Partner Institution CITY DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY HYDERABAD The Context Hyderabad U.A. with a population of 5.75 million is the sixth largest city in the country Embarked on a high growth path, the city needs to attract investments and address the issues of poverty The Context Role model for successful and sustained urban community development programme Pioneer in implementing innovative approaches for the poor Made a paradigm shift from conventional slum improvement projects to institutionalised approach through consultative process The Context Series of consultations Setting up of UCDS cell and preparation of Project Concept Document Community consultations and preparation of micro action plans Institutional strengthening and capacity building of agencies, communities and LPI The Context CDS Hyderabad is an outcome of above interventions Aims to set out guiding principles for future urban development investments within a comprehensive city development framework Aims to build convergence of various ongoing programmes and initiatives The Partnership Initiated and owned by MCH Financially and technically supported by UMP-UN HABITAT, Cities Alliance and WSP-SA ASCI is the LPI The Responsibility and Guidance Rested with the PSC PSC comprised-Partners, heads of service providing agencies, representatives of private and community sector Chaired by the Commissioner MCH Met from time to time to review and approve the progress and plan the next steps CDS Hyd. Objectives Preparing a Comprehensive Development Framework stakeholder analysis mapping of development initiatives background studies and concept papers CDS Hyd. Objectives Preparation of Strategic Action Plan and the City Assistance Programme through consultations Securing adoption by donor agencies Documentation and dissemination Key Activities Constitution of PSC-11 core members and nine special invitees Mapping of development initiatives Orientation programme for elected representatives of MCH Stakeholder analysis Key Activities Stakeholder consultation Preparation of background studies and concept papers leading to preparation of Comprehensive Development Framework City Consultation Constitution of working groups and working group meetings Key Activities Workshop for developing indicators Inter-working group workshop to share the working group reports CDS document preparation outlining Strategic Action Plan and City Assistance programme Final city consultation Round table consultation for implementation Donor consultation Key Stakeholders State government and city level planning and service providing agencies Line departments of the state government Private sector agencies including chambers of commerce and industry Non-governmental organisations and community based organisations FOCUS AREAS Focus Areas of CDS Nine focus areas were identified and nine working groups were constituted for the focus areas to identify key challenges and formulate strategies and action plans. The SAP and CIP are prepared based on the working groups reports Nine Working Group Areas Governance Poverty Alleviation Economic Development Environment, Tourism and Culture Water and Sanitation Solid Waste Management Traffic and Transportation Health and Education Urban Finance KEY CHALLENGES Governance Multiplicity of institutions and lack of inter institutional coordinationaround 18 institutions and more than 28 programmes Functional and spatial fragmentation of the metropolitan city-10 municipalities Lack of effective grievance redressal mechanisms Limited transparency and accountability Poverty Alleviation Providing security of tenure, housing and basic services Lack of understanding of magnitude of slums and data base Weak community institutions and structures Inadequate livelihood opportunities and employment Adhoc approaches to service delivery to the poor Economic Development Concerns about provision of infrastructure to mega projects-isolated islands? Haphazard and unplanned growth of city and surrounding areas-skewed spatial development Lack of appropriate policy support Decline of the old city Risk of exclusion of poor/strategies for informal sector Inadequate policy for relocation of industries Environment, Tourism and Culture Rapid and unsustainable growth of population and distortions in land use Increased air and noise pollution-automobile industry and weak enforcement Water and sanitation-inequitable, unsustainable and expensive approaches Decline or stagnation in green cover and open spaces Tourism at the cost of culture and heritagedecline in culture and heritage Water Supply and Sanitation Scarcity of sources-drying up of existing sources, weak catchment management Depletion of ground water-unregulated abstraction and contamination Non-revenue water-physical and commercial losses Limited coverage of sewerage-38%-huge resources need Weak institutional and legislation mechanism Need to address the issues concerning the poor Solid Waste Management Lack of comprehensive data base-affecting route rationalization and optimization of transportation costs Challenges in compliance with solid waste rulescreation of awareness, source segregation and separation of bio-medical waste Ineffective strategies for processing of waste Problems in developing disposal sites Lack of community participation Traffic and Transportation Rapid growth of population and economic activities-skewed –large volumes of traffic Rapid growth of private vehicles-ineffective mass transportation system Lack of integration of land use planning and transportation Traffic problems-delays, low speed, congestion, parking etc. Environmental problems-air and noise pollution Health and Education Lack of clear understanding and assessment of health status Increase in the incidence of infectious diseases Poor retention of students Mainstreaming and bridging Inadequate infrastructure –health and education Multiple agencies-health and education Lack of MCH role in education Urban Finance High growth in finances and revenue surplus- unsustainable in nature Expenditure bubble is created Budgets for the past few years were overprojected Gradual erosion of favourable factors for tapping resources STRATEGIC ACTION PLAN Hyderabad Vision HYDERABAD-AN INCLUSIVE CITIZEN CITY OF NATURE, CULTURE AND PROGRESS Governance Inclusive city-adopted in citizen charters, decision-making forums-voice for the poor Decentralization-ward level consultative committees High level task force with MCH as umbrella organization at the metropolitan level-address spatial and functional fragmentation-replicate best practices in municipalities E-governance for grievance redressal Strengthening citizen charters, MCH web site, report card system Poverty Alleviation Need for clear policy frameworkgovernance, land, infrastructure and livelihoods Slum survey-comprehensive understanding Denotification policy for better targeting Strengthening institutions-UCDS as umbrella organisation-UHP as focal pointCBOs Poverty Alleviation Land and shelter-implementation of G.Os for regularization, slum redevelopment ground plus second floor units Livelihood and employment- based on understanding of local economy-resource centres Gender concerns, communication strategy, community challenge fund, resource generation etc. Economic Development Appropriate policy and institutional frameworkbenchmarking with best practices Relocation policy-based on the experiences of National Capital Region Planning Board Integrated metropolitan planning- a task force Infrastructure in mega projects and linking with city Economic Development Convergence and synchronisation approaches for promoting growth engines-tourism, hospitality, recreation, outsourcing etc. Policy and support systems for informal sector Old city regeneration-appropriate economic activities and infrastructure Environment, Tourism and Culture Restricting population growth and land useshifting govt. offices, satellite towns, incentives for relocation Preventing air and noise pollution-city level transport policy, enforcement Improved water and sanitation-protecting and conserving water sources, preventing pollution of water bodies Environment, Tourism and Culture Increasing green cover and open spacesset targets, mapping of infrastructure, awareness, partnerships Holistic approach to tourism, culture and heritage-comprehensive EIA for all projects, avoid trade-offs, enforce rules, involve stakeholders Framework for environmental risk assessment-develop and implement for all projects Water and Sanitation Micro-planning approach-planning and implementation of projects for the poor through participation and prioritization Conjunctive use of water resources-use based on holistic approach to all water sources Restructuring HMWSSB-more representative and accountable board, staff ratio, HRD and personnel policies Water and Sanitation Creation of Watershed Development Authoritywith representatives from all stakeholders Private Sector Participation-study options and select the preferred option Decentralized planning-options for decentralized water treatment and distribution and collection, treatment and disposal of sewage may be studied Solid Waste Management A comprehensive GIS based study and map Greater involvement of DWACUA groups-training Study to assess resource mobilization potential separate cell and hotline facility to address grievance redressal Solid Waste Management Awareness campaign and strengthening partnerships Zero waste approach through processing and recycling-composting, waste to energy Development of cost effective sanitary landfill sites Training and capacity building of all stakeholders Traffic and Transportation Intersection geometry improvements-386 junctions-substantial improvements with marginal investments-channelisers for directing traffic flows into specific channels Signal system optimization and area traffic control system-100 signalised intersectionsintegration with surrounding municipal areas Traffic signs and markings-need for standardisation Road widening& link road development Traffic and Transportation Public transit system-rationalisation and optimisation, developing dedicated lanesproper development of MRTS Structural Plan and transit oriented development –lead role for transit policy in urban planning-balancing land use and transit infrastructure-25 year plan Traffic and Transportation Unified Administration-single agency for design, development and implementation-stakeholder participation and professional expertise Safety policy-policy document for promoting safetysafety audit-accountability of responsible agencies Environment policy – strict enforcement of vehicular pollution levels-efficient vehicle technology and fuel policy Services for Poor-Efficient and affordable public transport linking jobs and residences Health and Education Developing database and information systemthrough survey and mapping exercise Government should not only be a service provider but also a regulator Encouraging private sector with social commitment-complementary roles for public and private sectors Water and sanitation-high priority areas –good quality of basic services Health and Education Upgraded health infrastructure in government hospitals and UHPs Accessible and quality universal education A clear approach to retention-infrastructure provision-minimum learning guarantee index-monitoring and regulation Health and Education Mainstreaming and bridging- analysis of group profile and formulating strategy-private sector should have social commitment Inter institutional coordination-both health and education-and at the metropolitan level MCH should provide primary education Urban Finance Prudent and realistic financial management-in view of tapering of potential, increased O&M etc. Financial information and database-assessments, demand, collections-GIS and MIS Revenue enhancement and expenditure controlrationale increase in tariffs,new sources,leakages plugging etc Innovations and best practices Budgeting and accounting reforms CITY ASSISTANCE PROGRAMME Projects Not Requiring External Resources 1 2 3 4 5 Hyderabad as Inclusive City-Citizen charters, vision statement etc Decentralization-Ward level consultative committees High level task force for metropolitan area Security of tenure-notifying non-notified slums Strengthening community structures Projects Not Requiring External Resources 6 7 Communication strategy- to inform the poor about programmes Integrated metropolitan planning 8 Policy on decentralized population growth 9 Land use development as per norms 10 Project on prevention of air and noise pollution Projects Not Requiring External Resources 11 Strategy for prudent and realistic financial management 12 Safety policy and environment policy 13 Unified Administration 14 Creation of watershed development authority 15 Assessment of ground water abstraction Projects Requiring External Resources 1 2 Study for establishing appropriate institutional framework for watsan services Strengthening transparency and civic engagement –revising citizen charters, report cards 3 Census survey of slums 4 Comprehensive slum upgradation 5 Study on informal sector and livelihoods Projects Requiring External Resources 6 Integrated economic modeling study 7 Integrated physical and economic infrastructure 8 Old city regeneration 9 Study and policy for informal sector 10 Provision of sanitation facilities Projects Requiring External Resources 11 Extension of VGDS 12 Community zero waste centers 13 Krishna Water Supply Phase I, II and III 14 System Mapping and Assessment 15 Total Extension of Sewerage System Projects Requiring External Resources 16 Restructuring and strengthening of HMWSSB 17 Improving riding quality of existing roads 18 Upgradation of important roads 19 Street lighting 20 Strengthening UHPs Projects Requiring External Resources 21 Infrastructure mapping in schools and provision 22 Mainstreaming and bridging 23 Provision of education by MCH 24 GIS based and Computerized Financial Data Base and Information System 25 Conclusions Institutional coordination and strengthening Metropolitan Approach Pro-poor focus-slum upgradation and livelihoods Emphasis on civil society, community and citizen/customer Old city regeneration Conclusions Water supply and sanitation Need for specific studies and surveys for developing data base and information Participatory planning and processes Communication policy Training and capacity building Key Lessons/Outcomes Wealth of analytical information Realization of the need for spatial and functional convergence Intense involvement of stakeholders High ownership by local government Consensus building and capacity building Preparation of SAP and CIP Framework for implementation of CDS