Transcript Welcome Final Lecture for ITEC 1010 3.0 A

Welcome
Final Lecture for ITEC 1010 3.0 A
Professor G.E. Denzel
Faculty of Arts
Atkinson College
ITEC 1010 A F 2002
Agenda
 Review of main points in course
Faculty of Arts
Atkinson College
ITEC 1010 A F 2002
Course Overview ( Ch 3)
 In chapter 3, we studied:
 The hardware components of an information
system:
• CPU (central processing unit)
• Memory (primary and secondary storage)
• Input devices
• Output devices.
 The classification of computers by power.
 Strategic issues regarding hardware.
Faculty of Arts
Atkinson College
ITEC 1010 A F 2002
Learning Objectives
 Identify the major hardware components of a computer
 Describe the design and functioning of the central processing unit
 Discuss the relationships between microprocessor component
designs and performance
 Describe the main types of primary and secondary storage
 Distinguish between primary and secondary storage along the
dimensions of speed, cost, and capacity
 Describe the hierarchy of a computer according to power and
their respective roles
 Differentiate the types of input and output technologies and their
uses
 Describe what multimedia systems are and what technologies they
use
 Discuss strategic issues that link hardware design and innovation
to competitive business strategy
Faculty of Arts
Atkinson College
ITEC 1010 A F 2002
Chapter Overview
The Central
Processing Unit
• How the
CPU Works
• Advances in
Microprocessor
Design
Input
Technologies
• Human Data
Entry Devices
• Source Data
Automation
Faculty of Arts
Atkinson College
Computer
Hierarchy
• Supercomputers
• Mainframe Computers
• Minicomputers
• Workstations
• Microcomputer
• Computing Devices
Output
Strategic
Technologies
Hardware Issues
• Monitors • Printer • Productivity
• Voice Output
• Changing Work Styles
• Multifunction
• New Products and
Devices
Services
• Multimedia
• Improve
Communications
Computer
Memory
• Memory Capacity
• Primary Storage
• Secondary Storage
ITEC 1010 A F 2002
Course Overview (Ch 4)
 In chapter 4 we studied:
• Systems Software
• Application Software
• How software applications are developed
• How software has evolved and where it’s
headed
• Software for the enterprise
Faculty of Arts
Atkinson College
ITEC 1010 A F 2002
Learning Objectives
 Differentiate between the two major types of software
 Describe the general functions of the operating system
 Differentiate among the three types of operating systems and
describe each type
 Identify three methods for developing application software
 Describe the major types of application software
 Explain how software has evolved and its future evolution
 Describe enterprise software
Faculty of Arts
Atkinson College
ITEC 1010 A F 2002
Chapter Overview
Software History
and Significance
• The Software
Crisis
• Software
Fundamentals
Software
Issues
• Software
evaluation and
Selection
•Software Licensing
•Software Upgrades
•Shareware,
Freeware, and
Cheapware
•Open Systems
Faculty of Arts
Atkinson College
Systems
Software
• System Control
Programs
• System Support
Programs
Application
Software
• Types of Application Software
• Types of Personal Application
Software
• Software Suites
Enterprise
Programming
Software
Languages
• Streamlining
• Machine Language
Organizational
• Assembly Language
Software
• Procedural Languages
• SAP
• Nonprocedural Languages
• Natural Programming Language
• Visual Programming Language
• Hypertext Markup Language
• Virtual Reality Modelling Language
• Object-Oriented Programming
Language
ITEC 1010 A F 2002
Course Overview (Ch 5)
In chapter5, we studied:
 Basic data management terminology
 Storing data in traditional files and
problems with this approach
 The data base approach to storing data
 How data is organized to create a data base
 Components of a DBMS
 How companies utilize their stored data
Faculty of Arts
Atkinson College
ITEC 1010 A F 2002
Learning Objectives
Discuss traditional data file organization and its
problems
Explain how a database approach overcomes the
problems associated with traditional file environment,
and discuss the advantages of the database approach
Describe how the three most common data models
organize data, and the advantages and disadvantages of
each model
Describe how a multidimensional data model organizes
data
Distinguish between a data warehouse and a data mart
Discuss the similarities and difference between data
mining and text mining
Faculty of Arts
Atkinson College
ITEC 1010 A F 2002
Chapter Overview
Basics of Data
Arrangement and
The Traditional
Databases: The
Access
File Environment
Modern Approach
• The Data
• Problems with
• Locating Data in
Hierarchy
the File Approach
Databases
• Storing and
• Creating the
Accessing Records
Database
Database
Logical Data
Data
Management Systems Models
Warehouse
• Logical versus
• Hierarchical Model • Multidimensional
Physical View
• Network Model
Model
• DBMS
• Relational Model
• Data Marts
Components
• Advantages and
• Data Mining
Disadvantages of the • Text Mining
Three Models
• Emerging Models
• Other Models
Faculty of Arts
Atkinson College
ITEC 1010 A F 2002
Course Overview (Ch 6)
In chapter 6, we studied:
 The basic components of a telecomm
system
 The technologies used in telecomm
systems
 Various ways to configure networks
 Various ways that businesses use networks
today
Faculty of Arts
Atkinson College
ITEC 1010 A F 2002
Learning Objectives
 Describe the components of a telecommunications system
 Describe the five basic types of communication media,
including their advantages and disadvantages
 Classify the major types of networks
 Differentiate among the three types of distributed processing
 Identify seven telecommunications applications and describe
how they help the organization attain competitive advantage
Faculty of Arts
Atkinson College
ITEC 1010 A F 2002
Chapter Overview
Telecommunications
Networks
Network Communication
Systems
Software
• Signal
• Local area networks • Network operating system
•Communications
•Wide area networks
•Network management
processors
software
•Communications
•Protocols
media and channels
•Types of data transmission
•Communications
carriers and services
Network Processing
Telecommunications
Strategies
Applications
• Organizational
• Electronic mail
distributed processing
•Video conferencing
•Open systems and
•Electronic data interchange
enterprise networking
•Electronic funds transfer
•Facsimile
•Telecommuting
•Distance learning
Faculty of Arts
Atkinson College
ITEC 1010 A F 2002
Course Overview (Ch 7)
 In chapter 7, we studied:
• The evolution, operations, and services of the
Internet
• The segment of the Internet called the World
Wide Web
• Organizational applications of Internet
technology (intranets and extranets)
• Specialized Internet applications
Faculty of Arts
Atkinson College
ITEC 1010 A F 2002
Learning Objectives
 Describe what the Internet is, how it works, and how users
connect to it
 Describe the capabilities that the Internet offers to users
 Describe the World Wide Web and differentiate it from the
Internet
 Identify and describe the tools that allow users to view and
search the Web
 Identify and briefly describe the management challenges caused
by the Internet
 Define the term intranet and discuss how intranets are used by
business
Faculty of Arts
Atkinson College
ITEC 1010 A F 2002
Chapter Overview
The Evolution of the
Internet
• The Internet today
• The infrastructure
•Internet2
The World Wide Web
•Browsers
•Offline Browsers
•Search Engines
•Push Technology
•Information Filters
•Clipping Services
•Personalized Web
Services
•Collaborative Filtering
•Web Authoring
Faculty of Arts
Atkinson College
The Operation of
the Internet
•Addresses on the
Internet
•Accessing the Internet
Internet Challenges
•New Technologies
•Internet Regulation
•Internet Expansion
•Internet Privacy
ITEC 1010 A F 2002
Intranets
•Teamware
•Security
Services Provided by the
Internet
•Communications Services
•Information Retrieval Services
Course Overview (Ch’s 8 and 12)
 In chapters 8 and 12, we studied:
 Forms and uses of business-to-consumer
electronic commerce
 Forms and uses of business-to-business
electronic commerce
 New forms of EC
 Technical and non-technical requirements needed
to make EC work
 Legal and ethical issues associated with EC
Faculty of Arts
Atkinson College
ITEC 1010 A F 2002
Chapter Overview (Ch 8)
Electronic Data
Inerchange and
Interorganizational Global
Electronic Funds
Information
Information
Transfer
Systems
Systems
• Response to
• Who Needs Global • EDI and IOS
• EFT and IOS
Business
Systems?
Pressures
• Benefits of Global IS
• Types of
• Issues in Electronic
Interorganizational Global Trading
systems
• Global E-Commerce
Implementing
Extranets
IOS
• Components
• Security
and Structure
• Ethical and Social
• Types
Issues
• Benefits
• Planning
Faculty of Arts
Atkinson College
ITEC 1010 A F 2002
Learning Objectives (Ch 8)
 Describe the role, benefits and structure of
interorganizational systems
 Distinguish between interorganizational and global
information systems
 Describe EDI and compare a traditional EDI with an
Internet-base EDI
 Define extranets and explain their infrastructure, types
and benefits
 Describe planning and other issues related to
interorganizational and global systems
Faculty of Arts
Atkinson College
ITEC 1010 A F 2002
Learning Objectives (Chapter 12)
Describe electronic commerce, its dimensions,
benefits, limitations, and process
Describe the major applications of electronic
commerce, both business-to-customer and businessto-business
Discuss the importance and activities of market
research and customer service
Describe the electronic commerce infrastructure and
support services
Compare the various payment systems and describe
the role of smart cards
Discuss legal and other implementation issues
Faculty of Arts
Atkinson College
ITEC 1010 A F 2002
Course Overview (Ch 9)
 In chapter 9, we studied:
• The role and function of Management
Information Systems (MIS) and Transaction
Processing Systems (TPS) in organizations
• How functional information systems support
Accounting & Finance; Sales and Marketing;
Production and Operations; and Human
Resource Management
• How and why information systems should be
integrated
• The role of interorganizational systems
Faculty of Arts
Atkinson College
ITEC 1010 A F 2002
Learning Objectives (Ch 9)
 Describe the role and characteristics of functional
information systems
 State the objective and operations of transaction
processing and how it is supported by IT
 Discuss the managerial and strategic applications in the
accounting and finance areas that are supported by IT
 Understand the marketing and sales applications
provided by IT
Faculty of Arts
Atkinson College
ITEC 1010 A F 2002
Learning Objectives
(Ch 9)(continued …)
 List the various production and operations
management activities and describe how they are
supported by IT
 Discuss the human resources management activities
and how they can be improved by IT
 Discuss the need for integrating functional
information systems and describe the role of ERP and
supported software such as SAP
Faculty of Arts
Atkinson College
ITEC 1010 A F 2002
Chapter Overview (Ch 9)
Information
Systems to
Support Business
Functions
Transaction
Processing
Information
Systems
•Characteristic of
• functional
• Information
• Systems
•Functional
Support for
Managers;
Management
Information
Systems
• Tracking Business
•Financial
Transactions
Planning and
•Objectives of TPS
Budgeting
•The Process of TPS
•Investment
•Modernized TPS:
Management
From Online
•Financial
Processing to Intranet
Controls
•Typical TPS Tasks and
Modules
Faculty of Arts
Atkinson College
ITEC 1010 A F 2002
Accounting
and Finance
Systems
Course Overview (Ch 10)
 In chapter 10, we studied:
 The decision making process and how IT can
support it
 Various types of decision support, including
DSS, EIS, and GDSS
 Methods of analyzing and mining stored data
 Ways of presenting information through data
visualization techniques
 Knowledge management and how it can benefit
an organization
Faculty of Arts
Atkinson College
ITEC 1010 A F 2002
Learning Objectives
 Describe the concepts of managerial decision making and
computerized support decision making
 Understand the life cycle of processing data into information
and knowledge for use in decision support
 Describe the framework for computerized decision support
and the concept of decision support systems
 Describe executive information systems and group support
systems, and analyze their roles in management support
 Describe data presentation methods and explain geographical
information systems as a decision support tool
 Explain the concepts of knowledge management and
organizational databases
 Describe knowledge discovery, online analytical processing,
and data mining
Faculty of Arts
Atkinson College
ITEC 1010 A F 2002
Chapter Overview
Data Management
Decision Support Systems
Life Cycle
• The Data Life Cycle Process • The Decision Support Process
• Data Sources and Collection • Modeling
• Data Quality
• A Framework for Computerized DSS
• Data Storage and
• DSS Concepts, Characteristics, and
Management
Capabilities
• Document Management
• Components and Structure of DSS
• Analytical Processing
Enterprise Decision Data Visualisation Knowledge Management
Knowledge Discovery
and Organization
Support
Technologies
and Analysis
Knowledge Bases
•What is knowledge
•Executive
•Data
•The Foundations of
Management?
Information Support Visualization
Knowledge
•IT Support of
•Supporting Idea
Discovery
•Visual Interactive Knowledge
Generation and
Decision Making Management Activities •Online Analytical
Creativity
Processing
•Geographical
•Implementing
•Data Mining for
•Group Decision
Information
Knowledge
Decision Support
Support Systems
Systems
Management
•Ethical and Legal
(GDSS)
Issues
Management and
Decision Making
• The Manager’s
Job
• Why Managers
Need IT
Support
Faculty of Arts
Atkinson College
ITEC 1010 A F 2002
Course Overview (Ch 11)
 In chapter 11, we studied:
 What is meant by artificial intelligence
 How expert systems are developed and how they
perform
 How AI has been applied to other arenas, such as
natural language processing and neural
computing
 The concept and usefulness of intelligent agents
 Ethical and legal issues posed by AI
Faculty of Arts
Atkinson College
ITEC 1010 A F 2002
Learning Objectives
 Describe artificial intelligence and compare it to
conventional computing
 Identify the characteristics, structure, benefits,and
limitations of expert systems
 Describe the major characteristics of natural language
processing and voice technologies
 Describe neural computing and its capabilities
 Define intelligent agents and their role in IT
 Describe virtual reality
Faculty of Arts
Atkinson College
ITEC 1010 A F 2002
Chapter Overview
Artificial Intelligence
and Intelligent Systems
•Artificial Intelligence
and Intelligent Behavior
•Comparing Artificial
and Natural
•Conventional versus
Al Computing
•Commercial Artificial
Intelligence Systems
Intelligent Agents
•Characteristics of
Intelligent Agents
•Applications of
Intelligent Agents
Faculty of Arts
Atkinson College
Other
Intelligent Systems
Expert Systems
•Concepts of Expert Systems •Natural Language
•Benefits and Limitations of Processing and
Voice Technology
Expert Systems
•Processes and Components •Neural Computing
Card-Based
of Expert Systems
Reasoning
•Illustrative Applications
•Fuzzy Logic
•Expert Systems and the
Internet/intranets
Virtual Reality: An
Emerging Technology
•What is Virtual Reality?
•Applications of Virtual
Reality?
ITEC 1010 A F 2002
Ethical and Global Issues
of Intelligent Systems
•Ethical and Social Issues
•Legal Issues
•Global Aspects of
Intelligent Systems
Course Overview (Ch 14)
 In chapter 14, we studied:
• Planning process for IS application
development
• The process of developing systems as outlined
in the SDLC
• Alternatives to the SDLC and why they are
useful
• Ways to obtain applications from outside the
organization
• Methods that are useful in developing
Internet/intranet applications
Faculty of Arts
Atkinson College
ITEC 1010 A F 2002
Learning Objectives
 Discuss the concept of a systems development life cycle (SDLC)
Describe the information systems planning process
Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the
traditional development, prototyping, rapid application
development, object-oriented development, and end-user
development life cycles
Identify the advantages and disadvantages of CASE tools
Evaluate the alternatives to in-house systems development
Discuss the key features of Internet and intranet
development
Faculty of Arts
Atkinson College
ITEC 1010 A F 2002
Chapter Overview
Information Systems The Traditional SDLC
Planning
• The IS Strategic Plan • System Investigation
• The IS Operational • Systems Analysis
Plan
• Systems Design
• Programming
• Testing
• Implementation
• Operation and
Maintenance
Systems Development
Outside the IS Department
• End-User development
• External Acquisition of
Software
• Outsourcing
Faculty of Arts
Atkinson College
Alternative Methods for
Systems Development
• Prototyping
• Join Application Design (JAD)
• Rapid Application
Development (RAD)
• Integrated Computer-Assisted
Software Engineering (ICASE)
Tools
• Object-Oriented Development
Building Internet and
Intranet Applications
• An Internet and Intranet
Development Strategy
• Java - A Promising Tool
ITEC 1010 A F 2002
Course Overview (Ch 15)
In chapter 15, we studied:
 Types of ethical issues that arise in relation to
information systems
 Impacts that information systems have had on
organization, jobs, individuals, and society
 Various threats that may damage computer and
information systems
 Ways to protect computer and information
systems from hazards and threats
Faculty of Arts
Atkinson College
ITEC 1010 A F 2002
Learning Objectives
 Describe the major ethical issues related to information
technology and identify situations in which they occur
 Identify the major impacts of information technology on
organizational structure, power, jobs, supervision, and
decision making
 Understand the potential dehumanization of people by
computers and other potential negative impacts of
information technology
 Identify some of the major societal effects of
information technology
 Describe the many threats to information security
 Understand the various methods of defending
information systems
 Explain IT auditing and planning for disaster recovery
Faculty of Arts
Atkinson College
ITEC 1010 A F 2002
Chapter Overview
Ethical Issues
Impacts of IT on
Organizations and Jobs
• A Framework
• How will
for Ethics
Organizations be
• Protecting Privacy
changed?
• Protecting
• How will Jobs be
Intellectual Property Changed?
•Other Considerations
Societal Impacts and
Internet Communities
• Improved Quality
of life
• Internet Communities
• Telecommuting
Faculty of Arts
Atkinson College
Security is a Concern
for Everyone
• Threats to
information Systems
• Systems Vulnerability
• Computer Crimes
ITEC 1010 A F 2002
Impacts on Individuals at
Work
• Will my Job be Eliminated?
• Dehumanization and
Psychological Impacts
• Impact on Health and Safety
• Other Impacts
Protecting
Information Systems
• Defence Strategies: How do
we Protect IT?
• Auditing Information
Systems
• Disaster Recovery Planning
• Security in the 21st Century
Course Overview
THE END!
Faculty of Arts
Atkinson College
ITEC 1010 A F 2002