Transcript Reducing Energy, Carbon and Costs December 2012 Vikram Sami, LEED AP

Reducing Energy, Carbon and Costs
December 2012
Dan Watch, AIA, NCARB, LEED AP
Vikram Sami, LEED AP
Planning Lab Retrofits for 2030 Carbon
Architecture 2030
By the year 2035, approximately three-quarters (75%) of the built environment will be
either new or renovated. This transformation over the next 25 years represents a
historic opportunity for the architecture and building community to avoid dangerous
climate change.
Payback
Long Payback
Short Payback
Cost Savings
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Orientation
Chilled Beams
Thermostat Setpoints
Zoning
Benchmarking
Design Charrettes
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Cost Neutral
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Sunshading &
Daylighting
High performance
skin
VAV
Energy Recovery
Water management
Low VOC finishes
Flexible Lab
Design
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Airflow Sampling
Condensate
collection
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Ductless Hoods
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Energy Recovery
Desiccant cooling
(not for
containment)
Lighting controls
Commissioning
Displacement
ventilation (non-wet
lab)
Photovoltaics
Wind turbines
Solar Hot Water
Ground Coupled
HVAC
Fuel Cells
CHP
THE TEN STEP PLAN :: AN OVERVIEW
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10.
Improve Work Habits
Purchase Efficient Laboratory Equipment
Understand Building Performance
Re-Think the Science of Research
Reduce Air Change Rates
Energy Recovery
Improve Building Envelope
Upgrade Mechanical/Electrical Equipment
Generate Energy On-Site
Address Other Key Issues:
• Water Management
• Materials Health
• Active Design
• Finalize Zero Carbon Strategic Plan
 Over 10 Projects
 Over 15 Projects
 Over 20 projects
 Over 20 Projects
 20 Projects
Improving Work Habits
Adjust the Thermostat
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Lower the thermostat 10-15 degrees for 8 hours or more at a time.
In many cases, each degree increase in the heating set point increases energy
use by 3%.
Chinese Codes 64-76 degrees
www.energysavers.gov http://green.harvard.edu/labs/workspace
WARMER in the
SUMMER
> 75 F
72 F
< 68 F
COOLER in the
WINTER
Improving Work Habits
Lab Use Habits
COMPUTERS:
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Enable Desktop Power Management
(putting computers to “sleep” can save
over 75% in energy costs)
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Utilize a Print Management System
(typically results in 20-30% reduction in
printer usage)
Improving Work Habits
Lab Use Habits
FUME HOODS:
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SASH DOWN when not in use.
Disable or Remove unused Fume Hoods
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Standard 6’ constant volume hood uses over 35,000
kWh/year in chiller and fan energy.
Combination Sashes
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Air volumes reduced by up to 40% over traditional sashes.
Large energy savings.
Familiarity a hurdle sometimes.
Improving Work Habits
Lab Use Habits
BIOSAFETY CABINETS:
Exhausted
$2100
Recirculating
$240
Improving Work Habits
Just in Time Inventories
From this….
To this…..
1.
Sort and Recycle: Take inventory to determine if everything is still necessary.
2.
Label and Store: Label all supplies and store them in a consistent location.
3.
Standardize: The bench size with mobile casework.
Purchase Efficient Lab Equipment
Purchase Efficient Lab Equipment
LED Lighting
Purchase Efficient Lab Equipment
Freezer Specimen Storage
LOW TEMP FREEZERS:
• Inventory and Discard- Grad Students
• Defrost and check seals frequently
• Pack samples efficiently
• Share freezers between labs
• Larger units typically more efficient
Elimination of one -80 freezer = $1,000+
savings in energy cost per year (does
not account for additional heating load,
maintenance and space used)
Room Temperature Storage
http://medfacilities.stanford.edu/sustainability/dow
nloads/RoomTempStoragePilotResults.pdf
Purchase Efficient Lab Equipment
Efficient Mechanical Duct + Plumbing Pipe Design
Traditional 90 degree pipe connections
create unnecessary friction and increased
energy consumption. Instead, use:
• Bigger Pipes, Smaller Pumps
• Gentle Bends, No 90% Bends
• Shorter Pipes (design pipe layout first,
then add equipment they connect)
Use of these strategies have led to a 75%
decrease in pumping energy with a 1-2
month payback period.
Purchase Efficient Lab Equipment
Plug Load Analysis
Auburn University – CASIC Lab
Equipment testing and user interviews
• 20 (12%) Ton reduction
in designed chiller size.
• Reduction in number of
chilled beams.
• Right sizing reduces
reheat.
Aggressive gathering of equipment da
Purchase Efficient Lab Equipment
Energy Efficient Information from Labs 21/Wiki
Autoclave Link
http://labs21.lbl.gov/wiki/equipment/index.php/Category:Autoclaves
Bio-Safety Cab Link
http://labs21.lbl.gov/wiki/equipment/index.php/Category:Biosafety_Cabinets
Centrifuges
http://labs21.lbl.gov/wiki/equipment/index.php/Category:Centrifuges
Cool Rooms
http://labs21.lbl.gov/wiki/equipment/index.php/Category:Cool_Room
Incubators
http://labs21.lbl.gov/wiki/equipment/index.php/Category:Incubators
Understand Building Performance
Commission Major Systems
• $1/sf with a payback that can be less than 1 year.
• “Tuned” systems can also improve occupant comfort.
• Protect assets by ensuring proper function and optimal performance.
• Can be performed on entire existing portfolio and new construction.
• Energy savings can exceed 15-20%, particularly for energy intensive
laboratories.
Understand Building Performance
Metering and Evaluation
• Cost $25 - $40 per data point
• Additional $4,000 - $5,000 for web
hosted dashboard (for entire
building).
• Wireless current transmitters can
be easily outfitted onto existing
circuits to submeter labs.
• Metering helps with retrocommissioning and budgeting.
Understand Building Performance
Metering and Evaluation
WIRELESS CONTROLS
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Wireless telemetry allows for more
individual controls.
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Personal feedback allows for
occupant behavioral transformation
resulting in better operations.
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Integrates well with smart grid
technologies.
Reduce Air Change Rates:: Demand Control
Texas Children’s Neurological Research Institute
“The AirCuity systems work very well. We
chose AirCuity for the sensing accuracy and
ease of operation.”
~ William ‘Skip’ Milton
Assistant Director Facilities Operation
Texas Children’s Hospital
• Payback is approximately 1 year
• 4 Air Changes in labs – 2 ACH at
night
• Metered data for 18 months
• Savings of over $100k annually
• 13,600 cfm reduction in airflow
Reduce Air Change Rates
Chilled Beams
 Water carries much more
energy than air
 Smaller ductwork
15 air changes reduced to
6 air changes
 50+% smaller air handlers
Chilled Beam
 50+% smaller exhaust
fans
Air-Water
All Air
Water Pipe
 Smaller chillers
 Chillers run more on free
cooling
Old Technology
1.5m
1m
 Smaller boilers
 Over 15 projects
successfully implemented
Air Duct – 6 Air
Changes
Air Duct - 15 Air Changes
+0.5m/Floor
Reduce Air Change Rates
Chilled Beams
Case Study: Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation
Chiller Plant & Piping
-$287,550
Sheet metal
-$541,680
AHU Capacity
-$717,230
Exhaust Fan Capacity
-$346,200
VAV Boxes
-$203,400
Temperature Controls
+$13,950
Tracking Controls
-$526,900
Sec Cooling Systems
+$761,860
V-Wedges & Chilled Beams
+$762,750
Total First Cost Savings for Mechanical Systems +
Reductions in Floor Height by 12’ (4 Floors)
-$1,084,400
-$400,000
-$1,484,400
2.5% Savings in Construction
Generate Energy On-site
Solar Hot Water
• Integrating solar hot water, supplemental to or instead of traditional
heating, could significantly reduce the need to reheat.
• We have used this on 6 projects – including one lab and two hospitals.
• Pictured below – the evacuated tube collector at the Center for Interactive
Research On Sustainability at UBC.
Generate Energy On-site
Solar Photovoltaics (PVs)
NY State Energy & Research Development Agency, TEC-SMART. Photovoltaic panel
arrays + two wind turbines produce power, while a ground source heat pump provides
heating. The net result is an approximately 40% reduction in energy consumption.
We have used photovoltaic energy on over 15 projects to date
Generate Energy On-site
Solar Photovoltaics (PVs)
• http://climatepolicyinitiative.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/12/PV-Industry-Germany-and-China.pdf
• http://thinkprogress.org/romm/2011/07/06/261550/solar-pv-system-cost-reductions/?mobile=nc
• http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-505123_162-43240662/how-first-solars-tellurium-deal-shows-thefragile-economics-of-solar-panels/
• http://www.fitariffs.co.uk/eligible/levels/
Generate Energy On-site
Wind Turbines
Wind turbines atop Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation’s Research
Tower generate up to 10% of the building’s energy.
We have used On-Site Wind on 5 projects to date.
Store Energy On-site
Geothermal Heat Storage
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Use earth as a heat source (winter) and heat sink (summer)
Central heating / cooling system that pumps heat to or from the ground.
Boosts efficiency and reduces operational cost of heating and cooling
We have used this on over 15 projects to date.
Great River Energy Headquarters uses a wind
turbine and a geothermal heat pump.
Living with Lakes Centre at Laurentian
University
Store Energy On-site
Geothermal Heat Storage
Buck Institute’s Regenerative Medicine Research Building uses a ground
source heat pump.
Recover Energy On-site
Heat Recovery Wheel
Recover Energy On-site
Enthalpy Wheels
• An enthalpy wheel
exchanges energy –
temperature and moisture.
• A sensible wheel,
exchanges only
temperature.
• Enthalpy wheels are much
more efficient.
• Over 20 projects with
Energy Recovery.
Recover Energy On-site
Enthalpy Wheels
The enthalpy wheel at Ohlone College’s Newark Center for Science and
Technology is on display so that students can observe and learn from the
technology.
Other Key Issues
Water Management
Other Key Issues
Water Management
Laurentian University’s
Vale Living with Lake
Centre utilizes an on-site
rainwater treatment
system.
Other Key Issues
Materials Health
Perkins+Will 2030 Retrofit Dashboard
• Understand existing building energy usage and
cost over time.
• Examine retrofit opportunities and weigh cost v/s
payback opportunities.
• Pick retrofits that make financial sense and do not
jeopardize operations of the facility.
• Weigh monetary and carbon goals.
• Finalize retrofit plan.
Perkins+Will 2030 Retrofit Dashboard
Perkins+Will 2030 Retrofit Dashboard
Perkins+Will 2030 Retrofit Dashboard
Perkins+Will 2030 Retrofit Dashboard
Perkins+Will 2030 Retrofit Dashboard
Building 50
Building 49
Building 45
Building 41
Building 40
Building 38 A
Building 38
Building 37
Building 35
Building 33
Building 31 A
Building 30
Building 29 B
Building 29 A
Building 29
Building 28
Building 21
Building 14 G
Building 14 F
Building 14 E
Building 14 D
Building 14 C
Building 14 B
Building 14 A
Building 13
Building 12 B
Building 12 A
Building 12
CRC 10
ACRF 10
Building 9
Building 8
Building 6 B
Building 6 A
Building 6
Building 5-1
Building 4
Building 2
Building 1
kBTU/ft2-yr
NIH – Energy Usage
2,000.0
Chilled Water
1,800.0
Steam
1,600.0
Electricity
1,400.0
1,200.0
1,000.0
800.0
600.0
400.0
200.0
0.0
Building #40
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Vaccine Research
141,398 ft2
Chilled Water Dominated
Electricity only 8%
Building #40
250.00
CHW
200.00
Steam
Electric
150.00
100.00
50.00
DECEMBER
NOVEMBER
OCTOBER
SEPTEMBER
AUGUST
JULY
JUNE
MAY
APRIL
MARCH
FEBRUARY
0.00
JANUARY
kBTU/ft2
• Cooling &
heating year
round
• Over 200
kBTU/ft2 per in
some months
• 1,660 kBTU/ft2yr
• Recommend
looking at heat
gain as well as
alternate
equipment
strategies.
• Address reheat
Perkins+Will 2030 Retrofit Dashboard
Perkins+Will 2030 Retrofit Dashboard
Perkins+Will 2030 Retrofit Dashboard
Perkins+Will 2030 Retrofit Dashboard
Getting to Zero
Getting to Zero
Contact Us:
Dan Watch – Southeast Region
404.443.7694
[email protected]
Bill Harris – Northeast Region
617.406.3521
[email protected]
Ed Cordes – Central Region
713.366.4011
[email protected]
Vikram Sami – Sustainable Design Expert
404.443.7462
[email protected]
Kay Kornovich – West Coast Region
206.381.6037
[email protected]