Transcript NOISE AND WORKPLACE NOISE MEASUREMENTS Hüseyin SEZEK Physicist

NOISE AND WORKPLACE NOISE
MEASUREMENTS
Hüseyin SEZEK
Physicist
İSGÜM Kocaeli Regional Chief
Tel:
+90 (312) 215 50 21
Faks:
+90 (312) 215 50 28
e-posta: [email protected]
http://isggm.calisma.gov.tr
1
Content
- Introduction to Physical Factor Measurements
- Noise
- Noise Measurements
- Methods
- Equipment
- Measurement and Evaluation
- Report
- Related Legal Regulation
- Noise Measurement and Evaluation Practices
Tel:
+90 (312) 215 50 21
Faks:
+90 (312) 215 50 28
e-posta: [email protected]
http://isggm.calisma.gov.tr
2
A QUICK GLANCE TO
THE OTHER PHYSICAL
FACTORS
- Vibration
- T.Comfort
Tel:
+90 (312) 215 50 21
Faks:
+90 (312) 215 50 28
e-posta: [email protected]
http://isggm.calisma.gov.tr
3
EQUIPMENT USED
Tel:
+90 (312) 215 50 21
Faks:
+90 (312) 215 50 28
e-posta: [email protected]
http://isggm.calisma.gov.tr
4
WORKPLACE MEASUREMENTS
HAND – ARM VIBRATION
WHOLE BODY VIBRATION
Tel:
+90 (312) 215 50 21
Faks:
+90 (312) 215 50 28
e-posta: [email protected]
http://isggm.calisma.gov.tr
5
Tel:
+90 (312) 215 50 21
Faks:
+90 (312) 215 50 28
e-posta: [email protected]
http://isggm.calisma.gov.tr
6
HAND-ARM VIBRATION EXPOSURE
CALCULATION
TS EN ISO 5349-1 and 2
Tel:
+90 (312) 215 50 21
Faks:
+90 (312) 215 50 28
e-posta: [email protected]
http://isggm.calisma.gov.tr
7
THERMAL COMFORT
* Kişinin bulunduğu termal çevreden
memnuniyetini ifade eden zihin algılaması.
(ISO 7730)
* Ortalama giyimli bir insanın ne çok sıcak
ne çok soğuk hissetmesi.
Tel:
+90 (312) 215 50 21
Faks:
+90 (312) 215 50 28
e-posta: [email protected]
http://isggm.calisma.gov.tr
9
FACTORS AFFECTING THERMAL
COMFORT
*ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS:
-
Air Temperature
Radiant Temperature
Air flow
Humidity
*PERSONAL FACTORS :
- Clothing
- Metabolic rate
Tel:
+90 (312) 215 50 21
Faks:
+90 (312) 215 50 28
e-posta: [email protected]
http://isggm.calisma.gov.tr
10
Tel:
+90 (312) 215 50 21
Faks:
+90 (312) 215 50 28
e-posta: [email protected]
http://isggm.calisma.gov.tr
11
EQUIPMENT USED
Wet Bulb Glob
Temperature
WBGT
Tel:
+90 (312) 215 50 21
Faks:
+90 (312) 215 50 28
e-posta: [email protected]
http://isggm.calisma.gov.tr
12
TS EN 27243
Hot environments; estimation of the heat stress on
working man, based on the WBGT-index (wet bulb
globe temperature)
Tel:
+90 (312) 215 50 21
Faks:
+90 (312) 215 50 28
e-posta: [email protected]
http://isggm.calisma.gov.tr
13
Occupational Health and Safety Bylaw (İ.S.İ.G.T)
(Article 20) ve (Article 21)
Tel:
+90 (312) 215 50 21
Faks:
+90 (312) 215 50 28
e-posta: [email protected]
http://isggm.calisma.gov.tr
“In closed workplaces sıcaklık ve nem derecesinin, yapılan işin
niteliğine uygun olmakla beraber it must be warm esastır. Temperature
must be between 15 ºC and 30 ºC at workplaces having steam a lot,.
Yapılan işin niteliğine göre sürekli olarak çok sıcak veya çok soğuk bir
derecede çalışılması ve bu durumun değiştirilmemesi zorunlu olunan
hallerde, işçilere kendilerini fazla sıcaktan ve soğuktan koruyacak
özellikte iş elbisesi v.s. malzeme verilecektir” hükmü bulunmaktadır.
“Closed workplaces must be ventilated thoroughly at least once in a
day. Ayrıca işçilerin çalışma sürelerinde işin özelliği, havanın sağlığa
zararlı bir hal almaması için sık değiştirilmelidir. İş sırasında yapılan bu
havalandırma işçileri etkileyecek hava akımları önlenecek, yada kış
aylarında sıcaklık ani olarak çok aşağı hadlere düşürülmeyecektir.
At workplaces, where suffocating, toxic or irritant gas exist çalışanların
sağlıklarının tehlikeye girmemesi için ventilation installation must be
made ve işçilere ayrıca yapılan işin özelliğine göre maske ve diğer
koruyucu araç ve gereçler verilecektir .”hükümleri yer almaktadır.
14
ASHRAE Standard-55-2004
Conditions
Acceptable temperature
°C
°F
Rel. humidity 30%
24.5 - 28
76 - 82
Rel. humidity 60%
23 - 25.5
74 - 78
Rel. humidity 30%
20.5 - 25.5
69 - 78
Rel. humidity 60%
20 - 24
68 - 75
Summer (cloth. isolation = 0.5 clo)
Winter (cloth. isolation = 1.0 clo)
Source: National Research Council (Canada) Indoor Air Quality and
Thermal Comfort in Open-Plan Offices, Construction Technology
Update No. 64 , October 2005
http://irc.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/pubs/ctus/64_e.html
Tel:
+90 (312) 215 50 21
Faks:
+90 (312) 215 50 28
e-posta: [email protected]
http://isggm.calisma.gov.tr
15
WBGT CALCULATION
*Directly exposure to sun light:
WBGT= 0,7*Tempwet bulb + 0,2*Tempglobe+0,1*Tempair
*Generally indoor:
WBGT= 0,7* Tempwet bulb + 0,3* Tempglobe
*If environment conditions changes:
(TWA) WBGT=WBGT1 *t1+WBGT2 *t2+.......+WBGTN*tn
t1 +t2 +...............+tn
Tel:
+90 (312) 215 50 21
Faks:
+90 (312) 215 50 28
e-posta: [email protected]
http://isggm.calisma.gov.tr
16
ILLUMINATION
Tel:
+90 (312) 215 50 21
Faks:
+90 (312) 215 50 28
e-posta: [email protected]
http://isggm.calisma.gov.tr
17
TS EN 12464-1
Light and lighting - Lighting of work
places - Part 1: Indoor work places
Occup. Health and Safety
Baylaw
Recomended Lighting Values
No
Tel:
+90 (312) 215 50 21
Faks:
+90 (312) 215 50 28
e-posta: [email protected]
http://isggm.calisma.gov.tr
Division
Limit Value (lux)
1 Open area, entrance roads
20
2 Indoor roads, stairs
50
3 Transporting and storing
50
4 Basic assembly works
Boiler house, storage area, lift cabines,
5 dressing areas, mashine room, dining room,
toilets
100
6 Normal mounting, rough work counters,
200
7 Areas where made detailed works
300
8 Office, works requiring care
500
9 Delicate works
1000
100
18
NOISE EXPOSURE MEASUREMENTS
AND REPORT
AT
OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH
AND
SAFETY
Tel:
+90 (312) 215 50 21
Faks:
+90 (312) 215 50 28
e-posta: [email protected]
http://isggm.calisma.gov.tr
19
SOUND: is a wave stemming from
vibration of objects and proceeding in
constricting-expansion shaped from place
to another place in a suitable media.
Tel:
+90 (312) 215 50 21
Faks:
+90 (312) 215 50 28
e-posta: [email protected]
http://isggm.calisma.gov.tr
20
Interval of Sound
Frequency
A young and healthy ear generally hears the
sounds among 20 Hz. and 20000 Hz.
Tel:
+90 (312) 215 50 21
Faks:
+90 (312) 215 50 28
e-posta: [email protected]
http://isggm.calisma.gov.tr
21
NOISE,
Generally, it is defined as unwanted and disturbing sound.
Pressure Changes in a Medium
Caused by Vibrations or Turbulence
Tel:
+90 (312) 215 50 21
Faks:
+90 (312) 215 50 28
e-posta: [email protected]
http://isggm.calisma.gov.tr
22
Noise at Industry is defined as sounds affecting
workers physiologically and affecting work-output
negatively.
Tel:
+90 (312) 215 50 21
Faks:
+90 (312) 215 50 28
e-posta: [email protected]
http://isggm.calisma.gov.tr
23
NOISE TYPES
- Stable noise (automatized factories)
- Unstable noise (shipyard building)
- Impulse noise (weapon)
-……….
Tel:
+90 (312) 215 50 21
Faks:
+90 (312) 215 50 28
e-posta: [email protected]
http://isggm.calisma.gov.tr
24
Hearing Loss resulting from noise is an
occupational disease for employees.
Factors are:
1 - Intensity,
2 - Frequency,
3 - Duration,
4 - Sensibility,
5 - Age,
6 - Gender
Tel:
+90 (312) 215 50 21
Faks:
+90 (312) 215 50 28
e-posta: [email protected]
http://isggm.calisma.gov.tr
25
Possible Effects of Noise on You
 Temporary Hearing
Loss
 Permanent Hearing
Loss
 Low Birth Weight
 Premature Birth
 Anxiety
 Nervousness
 Sleep Loss
 Digestive Disorders
 Aggravation of Ulcers
Tel:
+90 (312) 215 50 21
Faks:
+90 (312) 215 50 28
e-posta: [email protected]
http://isggm.calisma.gov.tr
 Hypertension
 Increases Heart Rate
 Increased Blood
Pressure
 Increase in Respiration
and Oxygen
Consumption
 Increase in Sweating
 Disruption in
Communications
26
Equivalent Continual Sound Level
An average RMS level obtained via being divided of total
acoustical energy,which belongs to measured sound
pressure levels in a certain T-period, to measurement time
and calculated electronically.
Tel:
+90 (312) 215 50 21
Faks:
+90 (312) 215 50 28
e-posta: [email protected]
http://isggm.calisma.gov.tr
27
pain treshold
damaging
music
speaking
hearing
Tel:
+90 (312) 215 50 21
Faks:
+90 (312) 215 50 28
e-posta: [email protected]
http://isggm.calisma.gov.tr
28
Common
Decibel
Levels
Jet Engine
Private Plane
Power Saw
Chain Saw
Leaf Blower
Hair Dryer
Rock Concert
Video Arcade
Snowmobile
Explosion
Gun Shot
Lawn Mower
Normal Speech
Tel:
+90 (312) 215 50 21
Faks:
+90 (312) 215 50 28
140 130
e-posta: [email protected]
http://isggm.calisma.gov.tr
120
110
100
90
80
70
60 Decibels29
EQUIPMENTS USED
Tel:
+90 (312) 215 50 21
Faks:
+90 (312) 215 50 28
e-posta: [email protected]
http://isggm.calisma.gov.tr
30
Type 0: Laboratory standard
Type 1: Precise (Lab. and area)
SOUND LEVEL
METER
Type 2: Versatile (generally area)
Type 3: Control (area)
DOSIMETERS
Cabled/Non-cabled
Tel:
+90 (312) 215 50 21
Faks:
+90 (312) 215 50 28
e-posta: [email protected]
http://isggm.calisma.gov.tr
31
Tel:
+90 (312) 215 50 21
Faks:
+90 (312) 215 50 28
e-posta: [email protected]
http://isggm.calisma.gov.tr
32
Tel:
+90 (312) 215 50 21
Faks:
+90 (312) 215 50 28
e-posta: [email protected]
http://isggm.calisma.gov.tr
A scale: for human hearing
B scale: by telephone companies
C scale: for all sounds
33
DISPLAY
Tel:
+90 (312) 215 50 21
Faks:
+90 (312) 215 50 28
e-posta: [email protected]
http://isggm.calisma.gov.tr
34
LEGAL REGULATION
6/2/2003 date and 2003/10/EC directive
based Noise Regulation with 23/12/2003
date and 25325 number came into force on
23/12/2006
Tel:
+90 (312) 215 50 21
Faks:
+90 (312) 215 50 28
e-posta: [email protected]
http://isggm.calisma.gov.tr

Adopts daily personal exposure

Bases on TSE 2607 standard about
measurement method and calculation of
exposure

mentions about necessary measures to protect
employees from harmful effects of noise and
oblige employer to ensure them taking needed
responsibility on this subject
35
NOISE EXPOSURE LIMIT VALUE
LEX, 8h = 87 dB (A) ve
ppeak = 200 µ Pa= 140 dB(C)
!!! You must take into consideration
SNR values of ear protection!!!
Tel:
+90 (312) 215 50 21
Faks:
+90 (312) 215 50 28
e-posta: [email protected]
http://isggm.calisma.gov.tr
36
NOISE ACTION VALUES
the highest action value
Lex,8h = 85 dB (A)
ppeak = 137 dB (C)
the lowest action value
Lex,8h = 80 dB (A)
ppeak = 135 dB (C)
Tel:
+90 (312) 215 50 21
Faks:
+90 (312) 215 50 28
e-posta: [email protected]
http://isggm.calisma.gov.tr
37
AT WORKPLACE SURVEYS
-
in accordance with
TS EN 2607 ISO 1999
Determination of occupational noise exposure
and estimation of noise-induced hearing
impairment
TS EN ISO 9612 standards
Determination of occupational noise exposure Engineering method (ISO/FDIS 9612:2008)
Tel:
+90 (312) 215 50 21
Faks:
+90 (312) 215 50 28
e-posta: [email protected]
http://isggm.calisma.gov.tr
-
at all working areas where workers are,
-
with type 1 sound level meters with
compatible IEC 651/804 standard and
IEC61252 noise dosimeters,
personal noise exposures have been
measured.
38
before measuring noise we should
know…
 divisions of factory and number of workers
 at what division which worker? by what
equiments? and how long?
 grouping of who make the same work / who
work at the same division
 noise types (stable, unstable, peak)
Tel:
+90 (312) 215 50 21
Faks:
+90 (312) 215 50 28
e-posta: [email protected]
http://isggm.calisma.gov.tr
 work frequency routine work or more/lower)
39
ACOUSTIC
CALIBRATION
Calibration
Before and after measurements you must calibrate the sound level
meter or dosimeter. This process ensures you to control whether the
equipment works well or not.
Tel:
+90 (312) 215 50 21
Faks:
+90 (312) 215 50 28
e-posta: [email protected]
http://isggm.calisma.gov.tr
40
NOISE MEASUREMENT WITH
“SLM”
Tel:
+90 (312) 215 50 21
Faks:
+90 (312) 215 50 28
e-posta: [email protected]
http://isggm.calisma.gov.tr
41
DAILY EXPOSURE CALCULATION
Tel:
+90 (312) 215 50 21
Faks:
+90 (312) 215 50 28
e-posta: [email protected]
http://isggm.calisma.gov.tr
42
TS 2607 ISO 1999:2005
daily exposure calculation for
different works
1 m
L Aeq,T i 
LAeq,T =10.log  T  Ti×10
10 
 i=1

LEX, 8h=LAeq,Te+10 log (Te/T0)
Tel:
+90 (312) 215 50 21
Faks:
+90 (312) 215 50 28
e-posta: [email protected]
http://isggm.calisma.gov.tr
43
DAILY EXPOSURE
CALCULATION
(LAeq dB)
Time
(min)
Görev 1
100
5
Görev 2
70
120
Görev 3
99,6
5
Görev 4
92,7
60
Görev 5
62,8
240
Görev 6
89,4
50
iç formül
Total time
480
252531260238
1/T
0,002083333
üs1
üs2
LAeq,T (dB)=
87,21073909
10000000000
10000000
LEX, 8h (dB)=
87,21073909
üs3
üs4
9120108394
1862087137
üs5
üs6
1905460,718
870963590
leq4/10
leq5/10
Tel:
+90 (312) 215 50 21
Faks:
+90 (312) 215 50 28
e-posta: [email protected]
http://isggm.calisma.gov.tr
Te (dak)
T0 (dak)
480
480
leq1/10
leq2/10
44
leq3/10
leq6/10
POSITON OF MICROPHONE IN INDOOR
Tel:
+90 (312) 215 50 21
Faks:
+90 (312) 215 50 28
e-posta: [email protected]
http://isggm.calisma.gov.tr
45
Height of microphone
from ground
Tel:
+90 (312) 215 50 21
Faks:
+90 (312) 215 50 28
e-posta: [email protected]
http://isggm.calisma.gov.tr
46
REPORT
Division / Worker
1 NOLU KIRMA
FABRİKASI
(Makinist işçileri)
Turgut SULU
Ekrem ACAR
Münir GÜL
DOLUM ÜNİTESİ
Mehmet Demirci
ÖN LAZER
Kabin işçileri
ÖN LAZER
Kabin işçileri
ÖN LAZER
Kabin işçileri
ÖN LAZER
Seçkin ÇİLELİ
Tel:
+90 (312) 215 50 21
Faks:
+90 (312) 215 50 28
e-posta: [email protected]
http://isggm.calisma.gov.tr
ÖN LAZER
Nurcan ATMACA
(Leq,dB(
A)
Time
min.
Kumanda Odası
72,9
290
98,1
Kırma Kontrol Ortamı
95,5
30
119,5
42 / 0,7
2.Kat Kabuklu elekler
91,5
30
109,9
107 / 1,8
2.Kat İç Ambar
84,8
30
3.Kat Kabuklu elekler
97,9
30
114,9
25 / 0,4
3.Kat İç Ambar
92,6
30
111,6
83 / 1,4
4.Kat
97,8
30
115,1
25 / 0,4
Merdivenler
86,3
10
109,5
355 / 5,9
Kantar dolum
89,3
120
108,7
177 / 2,9
106,4
205 / 3,4
The sort of work
(Lex,8)
dB(A)
90,9
Ppeak
dB(C)
Max.permis
sible time
without PPE
104,0
88,9
Toz elek ve ortam
88,7
360
Kabin 1 (Girişte sağda)
99,1
480
99,1
116,8
19 / 0,3
Kabin 2 (Girişte solda)
99,6
480
99,6
116,8
17 / 0,3
Kabin 3 (Girişte karşıda)
98,3
480
98,3
116,7
22 / 0,4
Forklift işçisi
İçeriden yük alma ve dışarı
yük indirme
87,6
480
87,6
112,4
263 / 4,4
Kantar İşçisi
95,6
480
95,6
111,3
47/ 0,7
42
REPORT
Division / Worker
1 NOLU KIRMA
FABRİKASI
(Makinist işçileri)
Turgut SULU
Ekrem ACAR
Münir GÜL
DOLUM ÜNİTESİ
Mehmet Demirci
ÖN LAZER
Kabin işçileri
ÖN LAZER
Kabin işçileri
ÖN LAZER
Kabin işçileri
ÖN LAZER
Tel:
+90 (312) 215 50 21
Faks:
+90 (312) 215 50 28
e-posta: [email protected]
http://isggm.calisma.gov.tr
Seçkin ÇİLELİ
ÖN LAZER
Nurcan ATMACA
The sort of work
Act. Level
in ear
LET dB
Protection
level
(LC,dB(C)
SNR
Kumanda Odası
85,0
28
66
High
Kırma Kontrol Ortamı
97,0
28
78
Good
2.Kat Kabuklu elekler
92,0
28
73
Acceptable
2.Kat İç Ambar
85,9
28
66,9
High
3.Kat Kabuklu elekler
97,9
28
78,9
Good
3.Kat İç Ambar
93,9
28
74,9
Acceptable
4.Kat
98,2
28
79,2
Good
Merdivenler
91,0
28
72
Acceptable
Kantar dolum
89,2
28
70,2
Acceptable
Toz elek ve ortam
91,0
28
70,2
Acceptable
Kabin 1 (Girişte sağda)
99,5
28
76,5
Good
Kabin 2 (Girişte solda)
99,8
28
76,8
Good
Kabin 3 (Girişte karşıda)
99,4
28
76,4
Good
Forklift işçisi
İçeriden yük alma ve dışarı
yük indirme
89,9
28
66,9
High
Kantar İşçisi
97,2
48
28
74,2
Acceptable
Noise mapping ??
Tel:
+90 (312) 215 50 21
Faks:
+90 (312) 215 50 28
e-posta: [email protected]
http://isggm.calisma.gov.tr
49
ENVIRONMENTAL NOISE MEASUREMENT
-
different ministry and regulation
- strategic noise maps
- Lden (day, evening, night noise indicator)
- different standards and methods
- highway traffic noise
- railway noise
Tel:
+90 (312) 215 50 21
Faks:
+90 (312) 215 50 28
e-posta: [email protected]
http://isggm.calisma.gov.tr
50
Bring health and
safety forward
please…
ُ
‫ش ْك ًرا‬
[email protected]
Tel:
+90 (312) 215 50 21
Faks:
+90 (312) 215 50 28
e-posta: [email protected]
http://isggm.calisma.gov.tr
51