Transcript ROAD WEATHER MANAGEMENT Paul Pisano Team Leader, Road Weather Management Federal Highway Administration

ROAD WEATHER MANAGEMENT
Paul Pisano
Team Leader, Road Weather Management
Federal Highway Administration
Washington, DC
June 13, 2006
Contact: [email protected]; 202-366-1301
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Weather and Highway Operations
• Safety
– Approx 1.57 million weather-related crashes/year
• 7,300 fatalities; 690,000 injuries
– 24% of all crashes occurred on slick pavement or
under adverse weather
• Mobility
– About 25% of non-recurrent delays on freeways is
due to weather; system delay is 1 billion hrs/yr.
• Productivity
– Weather-related delay adds $3.4 billion to freight
costs annually
• Environment
– Chemical anti-icing and deicing materials effect
watersheds, air quality and infrastructure
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Adverse Road Weather – National Toll
NOAA's Public Safety Challenge:
(fatalities per year)
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18
237
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7300
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Transportation Operations
Institutional
Change
Customer focused
Performance based
Systems, not jurisdictions
Real-time information
Proactive
24/7
21st
Century
Operations
Technical
Advancement
Information Gathering
Information Sharing
System Mgmt. & Control
Vehicle-based
Vehicle-to-Vehicle
Vehicle-to-Roadside-toHome Based
Electronic Payment
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21st Century Operations
Under All Weather Conditions
• FHWA is providing leadership and direction:
– Institutional Change
• Bridge transportation and meteorological
communities
• Build markets
– Technical Advancement
• Develop integrated solutions
• Leverage resources
• Developing solutions that alleviate the
effects of adverse weather on the
transportation system
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SAFETEA-LU, Section 5308
• Establish a Road Weather R&D program:
– Follow NRC report “Where the Weather Meets the Road”
– Promote Technology Transfer
– Expand Research & Development
• Multi-disciplinary stakeholder input:
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NOAA
NSF
AASHTO
Private sector
Non-profit orgs.
• Funding: $5m/yr for 4 years
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FHWA Road Weather Mgmt Program
Solutions to challenges are approached
through four objectives:
1. Stakeholder Coordination
2. Applied Research
3. Technology Transfer, Training & Education
4. Performance Management & Evaluation
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Objective 1: Stakeholder Coordination
Bring a multi-disciplinary approach to the road weather
challenges, developing strong partnerships with the
public & private sectors of the transportation and
weather communities.
• Build formal partnerships with weather industry
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Funded BASC study
FHWA/NOAA Memorandum of Understanding – July, 2005
OFCM Working Groups
AMS ITS/Surface Transportation Committee
• Elevate the profile of weather within the
transportation community
– Established the TRB Task Force on weather
– AASHTO
• Strengthen international links (e.g., PIARC)
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Objective 2: Applied Research
Integrate weather advancements (e.g., high resolution
surface weather modeling) with advanced transportation
solutions to develop and demonstrate innovative tools
and technologies.
• Road weather observing systems
– Clarus initiative
• Decision support tools
– Maintenance Decision Support System (MDSS)
• Weather-responsive traffic management
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Objective 3: T2, Training & Education
Advance the state of the practice by raising Road
Weather Management capabilities across the
transportation industry.
• Develop training & outreach material
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NHI Course – “Principles and Tools for Road Weather Mgmt.”
ITE Professional Development CD
AASHTO Anti-icing/RWIS computer-based training
“Road Risk” DVD with The Weather Channel
• Promote market-ready technologies (MDSS)
• Ease access to Road Weather Management resources
• Target conferences
– AASHTO/FHWA Eastern Snow Expo
– ITS America “Weather Alley”
– AMS Annual Meeting
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Objective 4: Performance Management
Develop performance measures that can be used to
evaluate and compare alternative road weather
management strategies.
• Identify performance measures for Road Weather
Management (with NOAA)
• Develop winter maintenance performance standards
(NCHRP 6-17)
• Develop benefit-cost analysis procedures for Road
Weather Management tools
• Conduct b/c analyses (e.g., MDSS)
• ITS deployment studies
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Program Highlights
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Maintenance Decision Support System
The Clarus Initiative
Weather-responsive Traffic Management
New projects
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Maintenance Decision Support System
MDSS is a winter maintenance decision-support
system that combines:
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Advanced weather prediction
Advanced road condition prediction
Rules of practice for anti-icing and de-icing
The system generates winter treatment
recommendations on a route-by-route basis.
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Maintenance Decision Support System
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MDSS Treatment Selector
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States Involved in MDSS
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The Clarus Initiative
• Clarus is a system that assimilates, quality
checks, and disseminates the nation’s road
weather observations
• Initiative Objectives:
– Design, develop and demonstrate these capabilities
– Work with our public and private partners to
develop and evaluate the value-added road weather
information products that Clarus enables
– Establish partnerships to move from demonstration
to deployment of a nationwide network
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Environmental Sensor Stations (ESS)
An ESS is any site with sensors measuring atmospheric conditions,
pavement conditions, and/or water level conditions.
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60
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Hawaii
D.C.
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1
6
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154
60
40
90
111
16
117
4
44
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Alaska
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National
Total
2,336
ESS in RWIS
1,815
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Clarus – Unlimited Possibilities
Credible & Precise
Travel Advice
Route Specific
Radio & TV
Broadcasts of
Travel Conditions
Add Detail to
HAR & VMS
Spawn New
Technologies
(PDA, cell)
Clarus
Enhanced decision
making tools
More Effective Websites
In-vehicle
Information
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Clarus Roadmap
Track 3
Track 2
Track 1
FY04
FY05
FY06
FY07
FY08
FY09
Stakeholder Coordination
System Design
Multi-State
Regional
Demonstration
Final Design,
Model
Deployment
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Wx-Responsive Traffic Management
• Integration of Weather into Traffic
Management/Operations Center
• Empirical Studies on Weather and Traffic
• Weather Response System for
Transportation
• NGSIM Traffic Simulation Models
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TMC Weather Integration Study
• Five levels of integration were analyzed
– Operational, physical, technical, procedural,
institutional
• 9 TMC’s/TOC’s were evaluated
• Summary of Practices
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Most centers respond to traffic, not weather
Info from Weather Channel and ESS
Weather info used mainly for advisory purposes
MD and UT centers highly integrated
• Final Report includes several recommendations
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Empirical Studies on Wx and Traffic
• Goal: To understand relationship between weather
and traffic flow
• Completed review of existing data and studies
– Impact of rain and snow moderately studied
– Little research on visibility, wind and other events
– Mostly macroscopic analysis
• Conducting Data Collection and Analysis
– Investigate regional differences, variable facilities
– Transition from free flow to congested flow
– Visibility impacts
• Future steps:
– Human factors data collection and analysis
– Incorporate new knowledge in existing models
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Weather Response System
• Goal: Utilize existing weather data to
support transportation operations
• Prototype Development in Missouri DOT
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New Projects
• Implementation and evaluation of the
ESS Siting Guidelines
• Develop a Needs Assessment Guide for
integrating weather in TMC operations
• Develop performance metrics for Road
Weather Management
• MDSS Cost-Benefit Analysis (w/S. Dakota)
• Defining requirements for other types of
weather-related decision making
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Conclusion
• We are in the midst of a culture change in
surface transportation weather and operations
– Creating demand for integrated solutions
– Leveraging public sector resources to build markets
and improve private sector services
– Engaging stakeholders and building partnerships
• Developing and applying the right tools and
technologies will help transportation agencies
make the right decisions.
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