Transcript Eric Prebys Accelerator Physics Center Fermilab First circulating beam in LHC,

Eric Prebys
Accelerator Physics Center
Fermilab
First circulating beam in LHC,
Sept. 10, 2008
7/17/2009
Background and Status
 Intensity Frontier
 Project X
 Intermediate Program

Eric Prebys, HEP 09, Krakow, Poland
7/17/2009
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
This talk represents a broad cross-section of the
Fermilab program, including many things I’m not
directly involved in.

In particular, detailed Project X content is mostly taken from a
recent “Extreme Beams” presentation by Steve Holmes,
representing the Project X R&D group.
Eric Prebys, HEP 09, Krakow, Poland
7/17/2009
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For over 20 years, the Fermilab Tevatron has been the
highest energy collider in the world, and it has been the
centerpiece of the lab’s physics program.
 This will change very soon, when the LHC begins to
accelerate and collide beams.
 The current Tevatron experimental program will run
until mid-2010 (likely mid-2011), after which it will be
superceded by the LHC physics program.
 If Fermilab intends to keep an accelerator based
program, it must identify exciting physics that can be
done at energies well below the energy frontier.

Eric Prebys, HEP 09, Krakow, Poland
7/17/2009
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
Present Operation


pBars phase-rotated,
cooled and collected in
Accumulator/Debuncher

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
11 Booster “batches”
loaded into Main Injector
and accelerated to 120 GeV
every 2.2 sec
 2 for pBar production
 9 for NuMi
Every few 1011, transferred to Recycler
After ~1 day, enough pBars to load into the Tevatron, accelerate,
and collide for ~1 day, while the process repeats
While the Main Injector is ramping, 8 GeV protons sent to
MiniBooNE experiment
Eric Prebys, HEP 09, Krakow, Poland
7/17/2009
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Main Injector Operation
Recycler Operation
Eric Prebys, HEP 09, Krakow, Poland
7/17/2009
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 NuMI/MINOS

NuMI/MINOS
~8x1020 protons
 MiniBooNE

11.7x1020 protons
MiniBooNE
Total: ~4 times previous 30 years
Eric Prebys, HEP 09, Krakow, Poland
7/17/2009
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• An opportunity exists for the U.S. to
become a world leader at the Intensity
Frontier
• Central is an intense neutrino beam and
large underground long-based line
detector
• Building on infrastructure at Fermilab and
partnering with NSF
• Develops infrastructure that positions
the U.S. to regain Energy Frontier (Muon
Collider)
• HEP at its core is an accelerator based experimental science
• Accelerator R&D develops technologies needed by the field and that benefit the nation
*as reported by Dennis Kovar at the Fermilab Users’ Meeting, June 2008
Eric Prebys, HEP 09, Krakow, Poland
7/17/2009
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
Neutrino Physics
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
Precision measurements
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

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NOvA – intense NuMI beam to an off-axis detector near the
Canadian border
DUSEL – an even more intense beam pointed at the Deep
Underground Science and Engineering Laboratory, to be built at
the Homestake Mine, SD
Muon to electron
Anomalous muon magnetic moment (g-2).
Precision kaon physics
Advanced R&D



Muon based neutrino factory
Muon collider
Accelerator-driven sub-critical nuclear reactors
Eric Prebys, HEP 09, Krakow, Poland
7/17/2009
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
Total proton rate from Proton Source (Linac+Booster):

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Booster batch size
 ~4-5E12 protons/batch, depending on beam quality required.
Booster repetition rate
 15 Hz instantaneous
 Currently ~9Hz, limited by RF system.
Beam loss
 Damage and/or activation of Booster components
 Above ground radiation
Total protons accelerated in Main Injector:


Maximum main injector load
 Six “slots” for booster batches (3E13)
 Up to ~11 with slip stacking (4.5-5.5E13)
 Beam stability (RF issues)
 Beam loss concerns
Cycle time:
 1.4s + loading time (1/15s per booster batch)
Eric Prebys, HEP 09, Krakow, Poland
7/17/2009
~original
hardware
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Maximizing the intensity of the Main Injector will
require replacing Fermilab’s aging proton source.
 In 2007 the Long Range Steering committee endorsed a
design based on a linac incorporating ILC RF technology


Temporarily named “Project X”
~3 times
original Project
X concept
Eric Prebys, HEP 09, Krakow, Poland
7/17/2009
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
Injection into the Recycler will
allow H- beam to be stripped for
both high energy and 8 GeV users

Eric Prebys, HEP 09, Krakow, Poland
Will also allow some amount of 8 GeV
beam conditioning
7/17/2009
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Eric Prebys, HEP 09, Krakow, Poland
7/17/2009
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Linac
H8.0
1.61014
2.5
500
Particle Type
Beam Kinetic Energy
Particles per pulse
Linac pulse rate
Beam Power
GeV
Hz
kW
Recycler
Particle Type
Beam Kinetic Energy
Cycle time
Particles per cycle to MI
Particles per cycle to 8 GeV program
Beam Power to 8 GeV program
protons
8.0
1.4
1.61014
1.61014
360
GeV
sec
kW
Main Injector
Beam Kinetic Energy (maximum)
Cycle time
Particles per cycle
Beam Power at 120 GeV
Eric Prebys, HEP 09, Krakow, Poland
7/17/2009
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1.4
1.71014
2100
GeV
sec
kW
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
Operating scenarios for 120 GeV (2.1 MW)

194 kW at 8 GeV to mu2e experiment in parallel
Eric Prebys, HEP 09, Krakow, Poland
7/17/2009
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Eric Prebys, HEP 09, Krakow, Poland
7/17/2009
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Fermilab in 2020?
8 GeV neutrinos
Low energy program
(350-2000 kW)
Tevatron FT
Recycler
Main Injector
Eric Prebys, HEP 09, Krakow,
Young-Kee Kim
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Poland Strategic Plan
7/17/2009
Fermilab
Slide 17
We consider it vital to maintain a relevant, acceleratorbased program at Fermilab in the years while Project X is
being designed and constructed.
 Current post-collider plan


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Utilize Recycler as a “pre-stacker” to eliminate Main Injector
loading time and increase protons to NOvA
Re-task Accumulator/Debuncher as a proton storage/conditioning
facility to support 8 GeV program
 Mu2e experiment
 g-2 experiment (perhaps)
 Neutrino factory/muon collider R&D
 ???
Eric Prebys, HEP 09, Krakow, Poland
7/17/2009
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300 kW
700 kW
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MI uses 12 of 20 available Booster Batches per 1.33 second cycle
Preloading for NOvA
Recycler
Recycler  MI
transfer
Available for 8
GeV program
15 Hz Booster cycles
MI NuMI cycle (20/15 s)
Roughly 8*(4x1012 batch)/(1.33 s)*(2x107 s/year)=4.8x1020 protons/year available
at no cost to the NOvA program
Eric Prebys, HEP 09, Krakow, Poland
7/17/2009
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MI-8 -> Recycler
done for NOvA
Recycler
(Main Injector
Tunnel)
New switch magnet
extraction to P150 (no
need for kicker)

Deliver beam to Accumulator/Debuncher enclosure with
minimal beam line modifications and civil construction.
Eric Prebys, HEP 09, Krakow, Poland
7/17/2009
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Eric Prebys, HEP 09, Krakow, Poland
7/17/2009
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Project X (8 GeV)
Project X (120 GeV)
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7/17/2009
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
Tevatron
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Project X
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CD0 (mission need): 2009
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CD2/3a (baseline, long lead purchases): 2012
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Construction: 2013-2017
NOvA
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High marks by P5. Proceeding with conceptual design
Mu2e
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Very high marks by P5 (pursue under all funding scenarios)
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Preliminary approval in Fall 08. Working toward CD-0 in 2009
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CD2/3a: 2012
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Construction : 2012-2016 (??)
g-2
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CD-3b expected later this month
DUSEL
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Approved to run through FY10, probably run through FY11
Collaboration forming. Trying to get the cost down.
Muon collider/Neutrino factory
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Gaining lots of momentum
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Trying to get better organized.
Eric Prebys, HEP 09, Krakow, Poland
7/17/2009
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near term future neutrino projects omitted
Note: high intensity program starts before Project X!
Eric Prebys, HEP 09, Krakow, Poland
7/17/2009
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Life will change for Fermilab when the LHC starts to
take real data.
 Nevertheless, we plan to continue to support a worldclass accelerator-based physics program.
 We have developed both an intermediate and a long
range program, which can accommodate a range of
funding scenarios.

Eric Prebys, HEP 09, Krakow, Poland
7/17/2009
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