Transcript Document 7157105

Science, Technology and Innovation
Indicators:
Trends and Challenges in Croatia
by
Emira Becic, Ph.D.
Ministry of Science, Education and Sports Republic of Croatia
wbc-inco.net
Training Workshop:ERA Indicators and WBC
2-3 October 2008, Belgrade
Structure of presentation
I.
Challenges for Measurement
II.
Role of indicators
III.
Users and Demands
IV.
Main Topics: GBOARD, HRST, CIS, CDH,
ICT
V.
S&T and Innovation indicators:Quick
analysis
VI.
Future ongoing activities
I. Challenges for Measurement
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Globalisations
The Knowledge-based Economy towards a
Sustainable Knowledge Society: EU
innovation gap with Japan and the US
Internationalisation of R&D
Science policy: towards improving current
state of art
Accessing Croatia to EU: Statistics
R&D and Innovation System
GOVERNMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF CROATIA
Ministry of Science, Education and
Sports (MSES)
Directorate of Science
SCIENCE AND HIGHER
EDUCATION POLICY
National Science
Council
National Council for
Higher Education
Scientific
committess (1-6)
Agency for Science
and Higher Education
(ASHE)
PUBLIC SECTOR
Ministry of Economy, Labour and
Entrepreneurship (MELE)
The SMEs and Cooperatives Division
INOVATION
POLICY
Technological
Council
BICRO
RAZUM, TEHCro VENCro
IRCro, CONCro
CROATIAN
INSTITUTE FOR
TECHNOLOGY
POLICY OF SMEs AND
ENTREPRENEURSHIP
Supporting programmes for
SME development
Development of entrepreneurial
infrastructure
Business incubators
IPR UNIT
Enrepreneurial
centres
Universities
Public institutes
Other legal
R&D entities
Technological and
development centers
Information support
(CARnet
Technical infrastructure:
patents, standards,
statistical data, ...)
INDUSTRAL POLICY AND
POLICY OF
ENTREPRENERSHIP
Croatian Chamber of
Commerce
National Competitiveness
Council
Croatian Agency for Small
Businesses (HAMAG)
Trade and Investment
Promotion Agency
Centre for SME policy
(CEPOR)
STP PROJEKT
National Science
Foundation (NZZ)
PRIVATE
SECTOR
Croatian Employers
Association (HUP)
Free economic zones
Regional development
agencies
Entrepreneurial
zones
Commercial
institutes
Corporate
institutes
REGIONAL/LOCAL DEVELOPMENT INITIATIVES
•ICT incubator Varaždin
•Regional development agencies
•Regional chamber of commerce
•Technology park Zagreb…
SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY POLICY
2006 – 2010
October 2005 – National Council for
Science adopted a new strategic
document for the development of
science and technology.
Main goals:
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Stimulating scientific excellence and
enabling the transfer of knowledge
and results of scientific discoveries
to industry and business
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Increasing competitiveness of the
Croatian economy
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Generating sustainable economic
growth and productivity
II. Role of Indicators
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Relevant information for policymakers in their deliberation
Indicate priority setting
Provide knowledge which S&T policy can impact on the socioeconomic objectives
Reflect past trends, trends performance and current
performance
Contribute to understanding the current environment
Guide the development of future STI and RTD policies
Comparison according to the different goals…e.g. international
comparison…..and so on.
II. Role of Indicators:
The EU STI statistics-R&D statistics
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Statistics on Science, Technology and Innovation are mainly reffering to the
Lisbon and Barcelona European Council conclusions emphasising the needs
for boosting the overal R&D and innovation efforts in the EU.
(with reference mainly to R&D, a series of subesquent Commission
Communications were released: “More Research for Europe – towards 3%
of GDP”, “Investing in research, an action plan for Europe”,”Women and
Science – Mobilising women to enrich European research” or “Researchers
in the European Research area: on profession, multiple carreers” and so on.)
At European level, R&D statistics are one of the cornerstone of Statistics on
Science, Technology and Innovation. They provide basic information for the
follow-up of the Lisbon/Barcelona European Council conclusions and for the
subsequent newly established strategy on growth and employment.
The output of R&D statistics producing main indicators amongst the EU
Structural Indicators contribute to measuring the progress of the
Lisbon/Barcelona process.
R&D statistics are becoming increasingly internationaly harmonised
(questionnaire and methodology; and comparability).BUT further progress
needs to follow related to the more user needs: e.g. with regard to better
measurement of the internationalisation of R&D, better data on EU regions
R&D and so on).
III. USERS and their DEMANDS
Type of Users
Demands
Politicians
Government
Parliament
S&T decision policy
makers
Local authorities
Scientific community
Business sector
Society
International organizations
NGOs
Up-to-date, key indicators by
policy-relevant categories
Long time series, detailed
statistics, comparable
indicators by research views
General overview, detailed
information on their own
sector and connecting sectors
Mass media, inquiry
ranking nations by
competitiveness, searching
co-operation partners,
knowledge of global
tendencies
IV. Main Topics: GBAORD, HRST, CIS,
CDH, ICT statistics
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GBAORD (improvement of R&D methodology
according to the Frascati Manual, 2002)
CIS (Oslo manual; Innovation statistics useful data
of the innovation activities of enterprises)
CDH (Careers of Doctorate Holders statistics)
ICT statistics (3 pilot surveys, 2007: Computers and
the Internet in households and enterprises; ICT
expenditure by type of product)
HRST (ISCED 1997; The ESTAT-CLFS, The ESTAT
NewCronos; Canberra Manual)
Primary STI statistical sources in Croatia:
•
R&D Survey
•
Community Innovation Survey (CIS)
•
Labour Force Survey (LFS)
•
Education Statistics
•
Population Survey
•
National Patent Office
V. S&T and Innovation indicators: Croatia
and WBC
Research and development
 High-tech industry and knowledge-intensive
services
BUT….lack of data:
 Community innovation survey
 Patent statistics
 Human Resources in Science & Technology
 Information society statistics
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Total intramural R&D expenditure (GERD) as a
percentage of GDP by sectors of performance,
2006
GERD
BERD
HERD
GOVERD
PNPS
1.84 s
1.17s
0.41 s
0.25 s
0.02 s
HR
0.87
0.32
0.32
0.23
0.0
BG
0.48
0.12
0.05
0.31
0.0
RO
0.45
0,22
0.08
0.15
0,01
MK*
0.25
…
…
…
…
ME
1.09
…
…
…
…
TR
0.58
0.21
0.3
0,07
…
EU 27
INPUT – Knowledge creation
Source: Eurostat, R&D statistics
ME, MK*: 2004;s – Eurostat estimate; ( … ) - data not available
High-tech exports
OUTPUT - Application
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High-tech exportsExports of high
technology products
as a share of total
exports
Source: Eurostat, High-tech statistics
2005
2006
EU27
18.78
18.65
HR
7.96
6.8
BG
2.91
3.34
RO
3.11
3.85
MK
0.79
0.78
TR
1.35
1.38
R&D statistics: current improvements
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Introduced internationaly harmonised R&D statistics questionnaire
used by Eurostat and the OECD - common module and two specific
modules (related to the Commission Regulation on S&T statistics
No 753/2004)
 EUROSTAT R&D Questionnaire (Edition 2005); and, CORE
Questionnaire (Requested by both OECD_ MSTI and
ESTAT_CR on S&T)
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Frascati Manual 2002, Improvements:
 Coverage (no limitations concerning enterprises size)
 Private non profit sector added
 New attributes added (size of the enterprises - less than 10
employees)
 New extended list of industry groups for enterprises
Innovation statistics: CIS
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CBS of Croatia provided two surveys about INNOVATION ACTIVITIES
IN CROATIAN ENTERPRISES (CIS3, CIS4):
 CIS 3 - Pilot survey,2005 for the period 2001-2003
 CIS 4, 2008 compulsory survey for the period 2004-2006 within
the frame PHARE Multicountry Programme (February 2007February 2008) through technical assistance.
CIS4 - Data are processing result of the survey on innovative activities
of enterprises conducted within the period 2004-2006 on the sample of
3 998 enterprises. The survey was conducted for the first time in the
Central Bureau of Statistics as a part of multi-user Phare 2005
Programme.
Indicators e.g.: The share of enterprises with innovative activities in
Croatian economy 2004 -2006 is 27.7%.(2001-2003 was 37,3%).
Innovative enterprises are more frequent in the industrial sector with
over 37% (37.3%) than in the service sector where innovative
enterprises make less than 1:4 (22.8%).
Source: CBS, First Release No. 8.2.2.,available on: http://www.dzs.hr/default_e.htm
Innovation performance: EIS, 2007
ICT statistics
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CBS of Croatia conducted 3 ICT - pilot
surveys in 2007:
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Computers and the Internet in households
Computers and the Internet in enterprises;
ICT expenditure by type of product
VI. Future activities
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Introduce CIS survey for 2006-2008, in 2009 through technical assistance within Phare 2006
GBOARD (2009) - data collection from all
government bodies (government budget side, all
fiscal levels) - different view regarding the R&D
survey where data are collected from users
HRST - using existing surveys as sources: LFS,
higher education statistics; CDH survey (2007)Careers of doctorate holders statistics
Introduce: ICT statistics, Patent statistics, HighTech
statistics
Main problems: some of them…?
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Lack of trained statisticians generaly and in
the field (quality of provided data)
Administrative capacities (lack of staff with
skills for work in statistics)
Lack of public understanding about role of
ST&I statistics
Thank you for your attention!
[email protected]