Transcript CHAPTER 5 NOTES colonies rebelled?

CHAPTER 5 NOTES
1 . If Britain ruled 32 colonies by 1775 why did only 13 of those
colonies rebelled?
CONQUEST BY THE CRADLE
 2.5 million in 13 colonies, half were blacks
 Britain, the motherland was shock by rapid population growth
of colonies
 1775: most populous were Virginia, Massachusetts,
Pennsylvania, North Carolina, and Maryland
 4 major cities: Philadelphia, New York, Boston, and Charleston
 90% lived in rural area
2. Why do you think there was such a
population growth in the 1700s?
A MINGLING OF RACES
 1775:(6%) Germans fled to America due to religious
persecution, economic oppression and war, settled in
Pennsylvania where it was mostly Protestants, most Germans
were Lutherans
 Scots-Irish(7%) settled briefly in Pennsylvania but left to the
great frontier since most good land already settled, hated
British rule/power
CONTINUATION OF RACES
 Populations of 13 colonies mixed
 South: 90% of population were slaves
 New England: Puritans, least ethnic diversity
 Middle Colonies (Penn) diverse group of whites
(British, German, Irish etc)
 Immigrant mixed and married which resulted in a
new multicultural American national identity,
different than England
 3. How can interracial relationship be a major
problem?
MAP OF MIDDLE COLONIES
CHESAPEAKE COLONIES
CHESAPEAKE BAY
CONTINUATION OF RACES
 Slaves were from dif ferent tribes of Africa, once in America
they mix and married other tribes
 America land of opportunity and equality except for slaves
and women
 White people could move rapidly up social ladder unlike
England who were born into wealth
SLAVE REBELLION ON LE AMISTAD
KIDNAPPED SLAVES
DIVERSE GROUP OF SLAVES
THE STRUCTURE OF COLONIAL
SOCIETY
 Eve of revolution: society becoming more separated from rich
to poor like England
 Merchant princes in New England and middle colonies profit
from war with Natives
 War left widows and children who were forced to beg or ask
for charity. Poor had to wear the letter “P” on clothes to
signify they live on charity
 4. Evaluate why you think people were force to wear “P” on
their clothes? What is your opinion on this?
CONTINUATION OF THE
STRUCTURE OF SOCIETY
 South: largest slave owners equate wealth. Not all white
people rich because the had no money to buy slaves
 Pauper and Convicts sent to Americas(50 thousand).
 South Carolina wanted to halt slave importation because they
fear slave rebellion. Britain vetoed it because they were
profiting from slave trade
CLERICS, PHYSICIANS, JURIST
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Honored profession: Christian ministry
Physicians: lack respect due to lack of training
Epidemic of small pox and diphtheria
Lawyers looked upon as trouble makers
WORKDAY AMERICA
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Agriculture leading industry (90% of people)
Tobacco main crop in Maryland & Virginia
Wheat in Chesapeake
Grain in middle colonies
Fishing in New England
Commerce grew
Lumbering
TRIANGULAR TRADE
 Profitable to New England area.
 Example: skipper takes rum to Africa to trade for slaves, then
takes them back to West Indies to trade for molasses then
takes that to New England to distill and make more rum
NEW ENGLAND HISTORIC MAP
NEW ENGLAND HIGHLIGHTED IN RED
WORK DAY AMERICA
 Americans needed British goods more than British needing
American goods.
 In an ef fort make money to buy British goods Americans sold
to other countries to make a profit
 Eve of revolution: Almost all of Chesapeake tobacco sold to
France and other foreign nation
 Molasses Act: restrict Americans from trading with French
West Indies
5. Determine why you think Americans were more
dependent on the British for manufactured goods.
HORSEPOWER AND SAILPOWER
 Roads dangerous and unmade
 Taverns grew along main route of travel
 Intercolonial postal system established in mid=1700s, slow
and unsecure
DOMINANT DENOMINATIONS
 Anglican and Congregational churches big
 Anglicans: in Georgia, N & S Carolina, Virginia, Maryland and
New York, not strict, short sermons
 Congregational: grew from Puritan Church, New England
colonies, supports gain from tax
 People worship if they want
THE GREAT AWAKENING
 Conflict between Calvinist( predestination) vs. Armininians (
followers of Jacobus Arminius) who preached individual free
will not divine decree, determine a person’s eternal fate
 Jonathon Edwards spearheaded Great Awakening which
stress the folly of believing in salvation through good works
and af firmed the need for mans’ dependence on God’s grace
7. Whose point of view do you agree
with and why?
JONATHON EDWARDS
GREAT AWAKENING CONTINUATION
 Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God: famous Edward’s
sermon
 George Whitefield: sermon focused on human helplessness
and divine omnipotence. Spread of religious revivals,
electrifying sermon
 Great Awakening significant because it was the first
spontaneous mass movement of the American people for a
common idea or belief
GEORGE WHITEFIELD
SCHOOLS AND COLLEGE
 Education for rich not poor for leadership not citizenship
 Puritan New England wanted to educate people for religious
reason: stress bible reading, good Christians instead of good
citizens. Education for boys
 Middle colonies : established elementary schools, tax
supported
 South: relied on tutors
SCHOOLS
SCHOOLS CONTINUATION
 Colonial schools focused on religion, classical languages
(Latin and Greek).
 Discouraged experiment and reason, but encouraged study of
doctrine (a body of ideas, particularly in religion, taught to
people as truthful or correct) and dogma(a belief or set of
beliefs that a religion holds to be true)
 Students whipped
 College education: preparing men for ministry
 Benjamin Franklin help establish the first American college
free of denominational control: University of Pennsylvania
 8. Why would the colonial schools discourage students from
doing experiments and using reason?
UNIVERSIT Y OF PENNSYLVANIA
UNIVERSIT Y OF PENNSYLVANIA
A PROVINCIAL CULTURE
 Art and culture in colonial Americans still undeveloped,
copied from British ideas
 Architecture imported from old world
 Colonial literature, undistinquished except for Phyllis
Wheatley (slave girl) who wrote poetry
 Benjamin Franklin (“first civilized American) Poor Richard’s
Almanack, book of advice on morality,life, helped shape
American Character.
BEN FRANKLIN
BEN FRANKLIN ACHIEVEMENTS
 First rank scientist, dangerous experiments ( kite -flying
episode proving lightning was a form of electricity
 Invented bifocal and stove
 Established in Philadelphia the first privately supported
circulating library
 ( 4000 volumes).
PIONEER PRESSES
 Americans too poor to buy books and too busy to read it
 1776 fifty public libraries
 Printing press equals mass production of pamplets, leaflets,
and journals.
 1734-1735 legal case against Peter Zenger, a newspaper
printer. Charged with seditious libel, taken to court for
“printing lies about government”
PETER ZENGER CONTINUATION
 Andrew Hamilton, Philadelphia lawyer defended him. Zenger
said he printed the truth not lies. His case symbolizes the
freedom of the press, establish the doctrine that true
statements about public of ficials could not be persecuted as
libel. Newspaper were free to print responsible criticism of
powerful of ficials
 9. Should the press be allowed to print anything they
want? Why or why not?
SITE WHERE PETER ZENGER WAS JAILED
THE TRIAL OF JOHN PETER ZENGER
THE GREAT GAME OF POLITICS
 Formation of governors in colonies by 1775
 Colonies had a two-house legislative body: upper house
appointed by crown,
 Lower house: elected by people (those who owned
property)
 Self-taxation through representation valued
 1775 America not yet a true democracy - socially,
economically, or politically but headed that way,
democratic seed planted= American revolution looming
 10. Determine why the colonist wanted their freedom.
Focus on major reason and no you can not use the taxes
as a reason for now.
COLONIAL FOLKWAYS
 Food plentiful, but life not easy. Drafty homes, no
running water in houses, plumbing, no bathtubs,
candles still being used
 Entertainment consisted of militia drilling, funerals
and wedding activities, horse racing, fox hunting,
square dancing etc
 Diverse group of people lived life the way they want,
not the way the motherland wanted them to. People
in new land starting to connect through shared
history, culture, and geography which set the stage
for the colonists’ struggle to unite as independent
people= American revolution
POPULAR COLONIAL GAMES
 P o p ula r C o l o n ia l G a m e s & Toy s
 W h i c h D o Yo u K n o w ? Yo -Yo
Puzzles
Hoops
K i te F l y i n g
J u m p Ro p e
London Bridge
Te n n i s
S p i n ni n g To p s H o p s c o t c h
Jacob's Ladder
L e a p Fr o g
Bow & Arrow
Blind Man's Bluff
S e e S aw B ub b l e - B l ow in g
Marbles
Ro c k i n g H o r s e s
S w i ng i n g
Cards
I c e s l i d i ng
J a c k S t r aw s
( o r p i c k - up s t i c k s ) I n t h e c o l o n i a l p e r i o d , t h e s e g a m e s h e l p e d c h i l d r e n l e a r n s k i l l s
t h a t t h ey w o ul d n e e d l a te r i n l i fe a s f a r m e r s a n d p a r e n t s . G a m e s t a u g h t c h i l d r e n
h o w to a i m a n d t h r o w, h o w to s o l v e p r o b l e m s a n d d o t h i n g s w i t h t h e i r h a n d s , a n d
h o w to f o l l ow d i r e c t io n s a n d r u l e s . T h ey a l s o l e a r n e d to b e f a i r, to w a i t t h e i r t u r n ,
a n d to u s e t h e i r i m a g i n a t io n s .
LIFE IN THE COLONIES
COLONIAL HOMES
NOAH WEBSTER’S HOME WHERE
HE COMPLETED THE WEBSTER
DICTIONARY