Chapter 12 Recovery and Rebirth: The Age of the
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Transcript Chapter 12 Recovery and Rebirth: The Age of the
Chapter 12
Recovery and
Rebirth:
The Age of the
Renaissance
p. 340
Meaning and Characteristics of
the Italian Renaissance
Renaissance = Rebirth
Jacob Burkhardt
Civilization of the Renaissance in Italy
(1860)
Urban Society
Age of Recovery
Rebirth of Greco-Roman culture
Emphasis on individual ability
The Making of Renaissance
Society
Economic Recovery
Italian cities lose economic supremacy
Hanseatic League
Manufacturing
Textiles, Printing, Mining and Metallurgy
Banking
Florence and the Medici
p. 343
Social Changes in the
Renaissance
The Nobility
Reconstruction of the Aristocracy
Aristocracy: 2 – 3 percent of the population
Baldassare Castiglione (1478 – 1529(
The Book of the Courtier (1528)
Service to the prince
Peasants and Townspeople
Peasants
Peasants: 85 – 90 percent of population
Decline of manorial system and serfdom
Urban Society
Patricians
Petty burghers, shopkeepers, artisans,
guildmasters, and guildsmen
The Poor and Unemployed
Slaves
Family and Marriage in
Renaissance Italy
Arranged Marriages
Father-husband head of family
Wife managed household
Childbirth
Sexual Norms
p. 346
Italian States in the Renaissance
Five Major Powers
Milan
Venice
Florence
The Medici
The Papal States
Kingdom of Naples
The Role of Women
France and Spain fight over the peninsula
Modern diplomatic system
Map 12-1, p. 348
p. 349
Chronology, p. 351
Machiavelli and the New
Statecraft
Niccolo Machiavelli (1469 – 1527)
The Prince
Acquisition, maintenance and expansion of
political power
p. 351
The Intellectual Renaissance in
Italy
Italian Renaissance Humanism
Humanism based on Greco-Roman literature
Petrarch (1304 – 1374)
Civic Humanism – Florence
Leonardo Bruni (1370 – 1444)
Humanism and Philosophy
Marsilio Ficino (1433 – 1499)
Translates Plato’s dialogues
Synthesis of Christianity and Platonism
Renaissance Hermeticism
New Cicero
Corpus Hermeticum
Giovanni Pico della Mirandola (1463 – 1494)
Oration on the Dignity of Man
Education & The Impact of
Printing
Education in the Renaissance
Liberal Studies: history, moral philosophy,
eloquence (rhetoric), letters (grammar and logic),
poetry, mathematics, astronomy and music
Education of Women
Aim of Education was to create a complete citizen
Francesco Guicciardini
The Impact of Printing
Johannes Gutenberg
Movable type (1445 – 1450)
Gutenberg’s Bible (1455 or 1456)
The Spread of Printing
The Artistic Renaissance
Early Renaissance
Donato di Donatello (1386 – 1466)
Last Supper
Raphael (1483 – 1520)
Church of San Lorenzo
Leonardo da Vinci (1452 – 1519)
David
Filippo Brunelleschi (1377 – 1446)
Masaccio (1401 – 1428)
Perspective and Organization
Movement and Anatomical Structure
School of Athens
Michelangelo (1475 – 1564)
The Sistine Chapel
p. 359
p. 359
p. 360
p. 360
p. 361
p. 361
p. 362
p. 363
p. 363
The Northern Artistic
Renaissance
Jan van Eyck (c. 1380 – 1441)
Albrecht Dürer (1471 – 1528)
Giovanni Arnolfini and His Bride
Adoration of the Magi
Music in the Renaissance
Guillaume Dufay
p. 365
p. 366
The European State in the
Renaissance
The Renaissance State in Western Europe
France
England
Louis XI the Spider King (1461 – 1483)
War of the Roses
Henry VII Tudor (1485 – 1509)
Spain
Unification of Castile and Aragón
Establishment of professional royal army
Religious uniformity
The Inquisition
Conquest of Granada
Expulsion of the Jews
Central, Eastern, and Ottoman
Empires
Central Europe: The Holy Roman Empire
The Struggle for Strong Monarchy in Eastern
Europe
Habsburg Dynasty
Maximilian I (1493 – 1519)
Poland
Hungary
Russia
The Ottoman Turks and the end of the
Byzantine Empire
Seljuk Turks spread into Byzantine territory
Constantinople falls to the Turks (1453)
Map 12-2, p. 367
Map 12-3, p. 368
Chronology, p. 370
The Church in the Renaissance
The Problem of Heresy and Reform
John Hus (1374 – 1415)
Urged the elimination of worldliness and corruption of the
clergy
Burned at the stake (1415)
Church Councils
The Papacy
The Renaissance Papacy
Julius II (1503 – 1513)
“Warrior Pope”
Nepotism
Patrons of Culture
Leo X (1513 – 1521)
Map 12-4, p. 371
p. 372
Chronology, p. 373
Timeline, p. 374
Discussion Questions
What social changes did the Renaissance bring
about?
How did Machiavelli deal with the issue of political
power?
How did the printing press change European society?
What technical achievements did Renaissance artists
make? Why were they significant?
What was the significance of The War of the Roses in
England?
How did the popes handle the growing problems that
were emerging in the Church in the Fifteenth and
early Sixteenth Century?