Transcript Document 7136292

First Missionary Journey
V
Prof. M. M. Ninan
Paul’s Life
 5 AD Born in Tarsus
 35
Converted on the road to Damascus
 35-38 Ministers in Arabia and Damascus
(Galatians 1:17)
 38 Visits Jerusalem
(Galatians 1:18)
 38-43 Ministers in Syria and Tarsus
(Galatians 1:21)
 43-46 Serves in Antioch with Barnabas
 47-49 First Missionary Journey
(Acts 13-14)
The first missionary journey
“The builder and the Architect of the Church”
Liturgy of St.Jacob
Acts 1:12-8:3
Acts 8:4-11:18
Acts 11:19-28
The Earliest Missionary
Journeys
Philip the Evangelist
The Earliest Missionary Journeys
the Apostle Peter
Acts 9:31-10:48
The whole Church throughout Judea [1], Galilee [2] and Samaria [3] now enjoyed a
period of peace. Peter, in the course of travelling (from Jerusalem [4]) about among
them all, came to God's people living at Lydda [5]. Then there was woman in Joppa
[6] There was a man in Caesarea [7] by the name of Cornelius
Paul's first journey as a Christian missionary
began when members of the congregation
at Antioch selected Paul and Barnabas to
take the gospel to new places. Setting out
from Antioch, they sailed to Cyprus, then
ventured to regions that lie in what today is
Turkey.
The Church in Syrian Antioch Grows and Gains
Gentile Converts
Acts 11:19-30
Now those who had been dispersed by the persecution which arose over Stephen travelled
as far as Phoenicia, Cyprus and (Syrian) Antioch, giving the message as they went to Jews
only.
However, among their number were natives of Cyprus [1] and Cyrene [2], and these men, on
their arrival at (Syrian) Antioch [3], proclaimed their message to the (Gentile) Greeks as well,
telling them the good news of the Lord Jesus.
Syrian Antioch - present day Antakya in southern
Turkey.
This Antioch was known as
"Queen of the East",
capital of the province of Syria,
and the third largest city in the Roman Empire
after Rome and Alexandria.
With a population of over half a million people,
it was located on the River Orontes,
and a junction of trade routes between East and
West.
It should not to be confused with Pisidian Antioch,
a Phrygian town in the Roman province of
Galatia.
Two Antiochs
City walls of Antioch
Antiochian market place
Antioch in Syria
Acts 13:1-3
Act 13:1 Now there were at
Antioch, in the church that was
there,
prophets and teachers,
Barnabas,
Symeon that was called Niger,
Lucius of Cyrene,
Manaen the foster-brother of
Herod the tetrarch,
and Saul
Simeon
that was called Niger ...
….. "of Cyrene" both
Simeon and Lucius, this man
is the same as the
Simon who bore the cross of
Jesus and was the father of
Alexander and Rufus (Mark
15:21).
"Niger" means "black";
Cyrene:
Greek city in Libya, modern Shahhat.
Cyrene was founded in c.630 BCE as a colony of the
Greek island town Thera, which had become too crowded.
The first colonists settled at an island called Platea in
front of the Libyan coast (modern Bomba). Later, they
occupied a coastal strip called Aziris, and finally, after
concluding a treaty with the native Libyans, they founded
the town Cyrene. The leader of the settlers was
Aristoteles, but he was called Battus.
Lucius of Cyrene ...
Paul's kinsman (Rom. 16:21).
His name is Latin, but his birthplace indicate that
he was one of the Jews of Cyrene, in North Africa.
Manaen,
Foster-brother of Herod ...
The Greek word thus rendered is not found
elsewhere in the New Testament; and the
meaning is somewhat ambiguous, scholars
listing no less than three possible meanings:
(1) Manaen's mother had been Herod's wetnurse;
(2) Manaen had been brought up as Herod's
foster-brother;
(3) Manaen had been a playmate of Herod.
In any event, a very close connection with the
tetrarch Herod is indicated.
Act 13:3
Then,
when they had fasted
and
prayed
LAYING ON OF HANDS
"And when they had fasted and prayed and laid their hands on them,
they sent them away." Acts 13:3
I. The laying on of hands is one of the most basic and
fundamental doctrines of the Christian faith.
Hebrews 6:1, 2
Hebrew Creative process from the hands of
YHVH
II. There is a definite impartation to be received
through the laying on of hands.
"And the Lord unto Moses, ‘Take thee Joshua the son of
Nun, a man in whom is the spirit, and lay thine hand upon
him; and set him before Eleazar the priest, and before all
the congregation; and give him a charge in their sight.
Numbers 27:18-23
Ordination of New Bishop in
the Anglican Church
II. There is a definite impartation to be received
through the laying on of hands.
Genesis 48:14, 17-19
"And Joshua the son of Nun was full of the spirit of
wisdom: for Moses had laid his hands upon him ..."
Mandaean Laying On of hands
Acts 8:18
"And when Simon saw that through laying on of the
apostles’ hands the Holy Ghost was given
A.
Physical healing.
Matthew 8:2-4, 14, 15; 20:34
Mark 1:41; 6:5; 5:3; 7:32, 33; 8:23, 25; 16:18
Luke 4:40; 13:13; 22:50, 51
Acts 9:10-12, 17; 28:8
James 5:14
Antioch
the setting apart for missionary work (13:1-3).
B. Spiritual deliverance.
Luke 4:40, 41
Luke 13:11-13
A.
Physical healing.
Matthew 8:2-4, 14, 15; 20:34
Mark 1:41; 6:5; 5:3; 7:32, 33; 8:23, 25; 16:18
Luke 4:40; 13:13; 22:50, 51
Acts 9:10-12, 17; 28:8
James 5:14
B.
Spiritual deliverance.
Luke 4:40, 41
Luke 13:11-13
C. The baptism in the Holy Spirit.
Acts 8:17-19; 9:12, 17; 19:6
D. The impartation of the gifts of the Spirit.
1 Timothy 4:14
2 Timothy 1:6
E.
Separation for service (ministry).
Numbers 8:10, 11; 27:18, 20, 23
Acts 6:5, 6 Acts 13:3
F.
Raising of the dead.
Matthew 9:18, 25
G.
Impartation of spiritual authority for leadership.
Numbers 27:16-23
(The word here translated "honour" be rendered "authority.")
I.
Various miracles
Acts 5:12; 14:3
J.
Impartation of strength.
Daniel 10:16-19
This probably was the
ordination of
Saul and Barnabas
They are both called
Apostles.
Acts 13:1-3
Act 13:4 So they, being sent forth by the
Holy Spirit, went down to Seleucia.
Seleucia;
sailing to Cyprus (Act 13:4).
Act 13:4 So they, being sent forth by the Holy
Spirit, went down to Seleucia; and from thence they
sailed to Cyprus
Harbor of Salamis
where Paul landed.
Mark joins
Salamis; John Mark joins the company, synagogue sermon (Act 13:5).
MARK THE EVANGELIST
joined
Paul and Barnabas
in
Salamis
John Mark
He was born in the Pentapolis or Qairawan
(Now Tunisia or Libya according to other sources)
approximately 15 years after our Lord was born.
He witnessed the preaching of our Lord in
Palestine as well as his passion.
His mother, named Mary, (Acts 12:12) had a
house in Jerusalem, which the Christians used as
a meeting place.
Tradition identifies Mark with the young man who
“fled from them naked” at Gethsemane.
The Alexandrian church claims Mark as its
founder—the liturgy of that church is called the
Liturgy of St. Mark. His symbol as an evangelist
is a lion.
+ He is the author of the earliest Gospel to be
written (it was written in Greek). His symbol is
Lion.
+ He was the founder of Christianity in Egypt or
in Alexandria at least. He came to Alexandria
approximately 48 AD.
+ He was martyred in 68 AD when pagans of
Serapis (the Serapion-Abbis Greek Egyptian god )
tied him to a horse's tail and dragged him
through the streets of Alexandria's district of
Bokalia for two days until his body was torn to
pieces.
+ His head is in a church named after him in
Alexandria, and parts of his relics is in St. Mark's
Cairo's Cathedral. The rest of his relics are in the
San Marco Cathedral in Venice, Italy.
Mark was a kinsman of Barnabas (Col 4:10).
The house of his mother Mary was a meeting place for
Christians in Jerusalem (Acts 12:12)
When Paul and Barnabas, who had been in Antioch,
came to Jerusalem, they brought Mark back to
Antioch with them (12:25),
he accompanied them on their first missionary journey
(13:5),
but left them prematurely and returned to Jerusalem
(13:13).
When Paul and Barnabas were about to set out on a
second missionary journey, Barnabas proposed to
take Mark, but Paul thought him unreliable, so that
eventually Barnabas took Mark, and Paul tool Silas
and went separately. (15:36-40).
However, it appears that he became more reliable,
for Paul mentions him as a trusted assistant in
Colossians 4:10 and again in 2 Timothy 4:11.
Mark, the secretary of Peter
Peter refers to him as "my son
Mark" (1 Peter 5:13).
Papias, an early second century
writer, tells us that Mark was the
"interpreter" of Peter, and that he
wrote down ("but not in order") the
stories that he had heard Peter tell in
his preaching about the life and
teachings of Jesus.
He evangelized Libya,
Ammonicia & Pentapolis, then
settled in Alexandria,
Cyprus: Salamis
Acts 13:4-5
Paphos on the island of Cyprus;
-- the blinding of Elymas the magician (13:6-11),
-- commander Sergius Paulus is converted (13:6-13).
• Act 13:6 And when they had gone through the whole island
unto Paphos, they found a certain sorcerer, a false
prophet, a Jew, whose name was Bar-jesus;
• Act 13:7 who was with the proconsul, Sergius Paulus, a
man of understanding. The same called unto him Barnabas
and Saul, and sought to hear the word of God.
• Act 13:8 But Elymas the sorcerer (for so is his name by
interpretation) withstood them, seeking to turn aside the
proconsul from the faith.
• Act 13:9 But Saul, who is also called Paul, filled with the Holy
Spirit, fastened his eyes on him,
• Act 13:10 and said, O full of all guile and all villany, thou son
of the devil, thou enemy of all righteousness, wilt thou not
cease to pervert the right ways of the Lord?
• Act 13:11 And now, behold, the hand of the Lord is upon thee,
and thou shalt be blind, not seeing the sun for a season. And
immediately there fell on him a mist and a darkness; and he
went about seeking some to lead him by the hand.
• Act 13:12 Then the proconsul, when he saw what was done,
believed, being astonished at the teaching of the Lord.
Bar Jesus
the Elymas – the socerer
He must have been a
Jewish Essene Kabbalists
with emphasis on
Ritual Power
Jewish mysticism has historically been
tinged by large doses of magic, superstition,
and demonology.
From Jewish Magic to Gnosticism
the blinding of Elymas the magician (13:6-11)
Giorgio Giulio Clovio. Elymas the Prophet, Struck with Blindness by St. Paul.
15th century
Cyprus: Paphos
Acts 13:6-12
Cyprus and the Christian connection
Sergius Paulus
In 45 A.D. Paul the Apostle, travelling with
St. Barnabas to Cyprus, succeeded in
converting the Roman proconsul in Pafos to
the Christian faith - making Cyprus the first
country ever to be governed by a Christian
leader.
Sergius Paulus, Paul's first convert on Cyprus had land holdings in
the area (Acts 13:7). In 1877 this inscription was uncovered a
short distance north of Paphos bearing Sergius Paulus’s name
and title of proconsul.
Acts 13:9
Luke tells us here for the first time
that Saul is also called Paul.
This name is used from now on.
Cyprus and the Christian connection
Lazarus
Later, according to the biblical account, St.
Lazarus was resurrected from the dead by
Christ and sailed from Bethany to Cyprus
where he lived for another 30 years
(apparently not cracking a smile once in
three decades!).
His sarcophagus is in the crypt of St.
Lazarus Church in Larnaka.
Thirty-year-old Lazarus,
who persecuted by the
Jews, boarded a ship and
left his homeland. After
a two-day trip, the ship
reached Cyprus. It was
at that place in 45 AD,
that Apostles Paul and
Barnabas met with
Lazarus and ordained
him First Bishop of the
ancient city of Kitio that
is Larnaca today.
Lazarus lived for
another thirty years
since his resurrection by
Jesus. All these years he
had been gloomy and
sullen. For in the
underworld, where he
had remained for four
days, he had seen
admirable things that
were unspoken of.
The only time he had
faintly smiled and that was
with bitterness was at the
city’s flea market, where
he once saw someone steal
a clay pot.
“Look over there”, he said
to his friends who were
with him, “one clay is
stealing another!”
Outside Kitio, there was a great,
big-leafed vineyard. Just before
harvest, when big, juicy, ripe
bunches of grapes hang from
the vines, the saint happened to
walk nearby. He had been
walking for hours and was
extremely thirsty. There, a
woman who was the owner of
the vineyard was working
“Please, woman”, he said with
much kindness, “may I have
some grapes? I am dying of
thirst.”
However, the cruel and
heartless woman scolded him:
“Go to your work, old man.
This place produces only salt,
not grapes.”
“I bless this place, always to have salt to produce.”
At once, the vineyard became a vast, salt marsh. It is the very salt
marsh that is located today just outside the city of Larnaca. The
workers in our days who collect the salt, say that even today when
they dig up, they can still find roots and stems of that vine.
When the saint died, the
people of Kitio, who loved
him very much, for he had
helped them through hard
times, buried him in a
carved coffin bearing the
inscription:
“Lazarus the man of four
days and friend of Jesus.”
The stone coffin was placed
in a chapel.
Lazarus-church
in
Larnaka
Larnaka
After many years, in 890
AD, the sacred bones of
the saint were
transferred to
Constantinople
at the command of
Leo VI the Wise.
In return, the Emperor
sent money and skilful
builders to Cyprus to
build a magnificent
church in Larnaca that
bears the saint’s name.
Paphos
Ancient walls of Pafos
Holy See of Paphos
The Apostles Paul and Barnabas
founded the
Church of Paphos
in
46 A.D.
It was the first Christian church
that was founded by the Apostles.
Later
Saint Heraclidius and Bishop Epafras
organized it, with the help of the Apostle
Barnabas.
Paphos, at that time, was the capital of Cyprus,
It participated in the First Ecumenical Council, held in
Nice in 325 A.D., with Bishop Cyril or Cyriacos.
Bishop of Paphos Ioulios participated in the Second
Ecumenical Council that took place in Constantinople in
381AD.
Bishop of Paphos Saprikios participated in the Third
Ecumenical Council that took place in Ephesus in 431
and confirmed the Autocephalous of the Church of
Cyprus.
Since 330 A.D. Cyprus was a district of Byzantium, and
Christianity was the official religion of the island
Perge; John Mark returns to Jerusalem (13:13).
Perge
Still standing temple corner in
Perge.
Roman Theatre in Perge
Perga
Acts 13:13
There John Mark left them and returned to Jerusalem.
Because of this, Paul considered him unreliable and
would later refuse to work with him (Acts 15:38).
Paul and Barnabas arrived here along with
Barnabas’ nephew John Mark who
abandoned the team from there. This
proved to be a point of contention that
eventually divided Paul and Barnabas.
Pisidian Antioch;
the first example of a missionary sermon by Paul (13:14-43),
the birth of the first Gentile Christian church and Paul's expulsion
(13:44-52).
Roman road to Antioch-Pisidia
The rough, mountainous passage, shown right, caused
Antioch to be isolated since it was the only way in and
out of the city. (Were these mountains daunting to John
Mark, and the reason he chose not to continue?)
Traveling northward from Perga to Pisidian Antioch, Saul and Barnabas followed the
Roman road known as the Via Sebaste. With the mountains looming in the distance, the
100-mile journey took them about a week (traveling about 15 miles a day) and was
extremely dangerous
Antioch in Pisidia
Acts 13:13-52
On the west side of the city are the foundations of the synagogue
where Saul gave his first recorded sermon. In the 4th century AD
the Church of St. Paul was built on the remains, incorporating its
southern wall. Although most of the walls have disappeared, the
superb mosaics and inscriptions which entirely cover the floor are
worth seeing. At the center of the mosaic are four Greek
inscriptions giving the names of people who made the mosaic floor
and the names of priests and dedicators. One of those mentioned is
Optimus, a leader and bishop in the Antioch church between 375381 AD. It is significant that this is the only church in ancient
Anatolia built on the site of a synagogue.
Pisidian Antioch: View of the remains of the temple
and altar where the emperor was worshiped - always
problematic to Christians.
View of the remains of the aqueduct that brought
water to the city.
The foundations of the triple city gate built
as a monument commemorating the victory
of the Roman emperor Septimus Severus
over the Parthians
The theater was situated on an hill not far from
the city center overlooking the city. It could
accommodate 5,000 spectators and probably
consisted of 26 rows of seats. The city's main eastwest street ran through a tunnel beneath the south
side of the seating area, an unusual feature that has
not been observed elsewhere.
Matthew 10:14
Act 13:50 But the Jews urged on the devout
women of honorable estate, and the chief men
of the city, and stirred up a persecution
against Paul and Barnabas, and cast them out
of their borders.
Act 13:51 But they shook off the dust of their
feet against them, and came unto Iconium.
Taurus Mountains
Iconium; successful preaching for a "long time" with miracles and
expulsion (14:1-7).
Iconium
Acts 14:1-7
People attempted to stone them.
Lystra;
healing of the lame man (14:8-10),
the attempt to worship Barnabas and Paul as gods (14:11-18),
and the stoning of Paul (14:19-20).
Coin from Lystra
An inscription on a stone
at the site of Lystra
(again, note the word
"Lustra," in the fourth
line) was a key to
determining the location
of the city.
Lystra is mentioned seven times in the NT. It
was a Gentile and largely Latin speaking
colony, using a dialect that was beyond the
comprehension of Paul and Barnabas.
The Book of Acts reports that Paul and
Barnabas “fled to Lyaconia,” to the cities of
Derbe and Lystra, Iconium, Sadettin, and
Kervansaray.
Christ healed ALL who came to Him by
THEIR "Faith"
Peter and John healed the cripple man
in the name of Jesus Christ.
The Apostle Paul healed
all who came to him
by THEIR "Faith"
Acts 14:9-10
Act 14:11 And when the
multitude saw what
Paul had done, they
lifted up their voice,
saying in the speech of
Lycaonia, The gods are
come down to us in the
likeness of men.
Act 14:12 And they
called Barnabas,
Jupiter; and Paul,
Mercury, because he
was the chief speaker.
Lystra
Acts 14:8-23
At Lystra, Paul healed a man with crippled feet. People
thought Paul and Barnabas were the gods Zeus and Hermes.
They brought oxen and garlands to offer a sacrifice, but Paul
prevented it. Later, people turned against Paul. They stoned
him and dragged him out of the city.
Hermes was the messenger
of the gods. Since Paul did
the talking, the people
identified Paul with Hermes
and Barnabas with the more
distant figure of Zeus.
Zeus was the highest
of the gods in the
Greek pantheon.
Zeus is the God of the
skies – the thunder
God.
Act 14:19 But there came Jews thither from
Antioch and Iconium: and having
persuaded the multitudes, they stoned Paul,
and dragged him out of the city, supposing
that he was dead.
Act 14:20 But as the disciples stood round
about him, he rose up, and entered into the
city: and on the morrow he went forth with
Barnabas to Derbe.
The Stoning of St
Paul and St
Barnabas at Lystra
Signed and dated:
Barent Fabritius
1672
Derbe: fruitful preaching (14:20-21).
Derbe
Acts 14:20-21
Act 14:21 And when they had preached the gospel
to that city, and had made many disciples.
Afterwards the return journey by the same route, strengthening the
churches: Derbe, Lystra, Iconium, Antioch, official commissioning of
the elders of the churches (14:22-23), journey through Pisidia and
Pamphylia to the ports of Perge and Attalia (14:24-26).
Attalia
Acts 14:25-26
Attalia was the chief port of the region of
Pamphylia.
Returns to Antioch.
Sv.Pavel Sv.Barnabáš Sv.Matěj
Sv.Jan
Sv.Šimon
Sv.Jakub