Transcript Lesson 1 Operating System Overview Operating System Fundamentals

Operating System Fundamentals
Lesson 1
Operating System Overview
Objectives
Identify the operating system’s role.
Compare and contrast Windows 98 and
Windows 2000 features.
Navigate the Windows Desktop environment.
Identify options for launching command-line
utilities.
Operating System Components
System kernel
Device drivers
User interface
Application environment
Common Operating Systems
Microsoft operating
systems
Non-Microsoft
operating systems
MS-DOS
Windows 3.x
Windows 9x
Windows NT/2000
Windows XP
OS/2
UNIX
Linux
NetWare
Windows 95 Features
Pre-emptive multitasking
MS-DOS/Windows 3.x application support
Network/dial-up communication support
Long file names
Context-sensitive menus
Windows Explorer
Microsoft Exchange client
Multimedia support
Print performance
Plug and Play support
Windows 98 Additional Features
Win32 Driver Model
Additional hardware support
Improved management tools
Desktop/user interface design changes
Enhanced multimedia
Windows 2000 Features
Legacy application support
Active Directory
Enhanced security
Integrated network support
Integrated Internet support
Scalability and performance enhancements
File system support
Management tools
Operating System Version
Windows 9x version
information
Windows 2000 version
information
Windows 98 Desktop
Standard Desktop Icons
Windows 95 icons
My Computer
My Documents
Internet Explorer
Network Neighborhood
Recycle Bin
Online Services
Outlook Express
Connect to Internet
Windows 98 icons
My Computer
My Documents
Internet Explorer
My Network Places
Recycle Bin
Connect to Internet
Start Menu
Context-sensitive Menu
Online Help System
Windows Explorer
My Computer
Control Panel
Start Menu
Windows Update
Programs
Favorites
Start Menu
Windows Update
Programs
Favorites*
Documents
Settings
Help
Run
Logoff*
Shutdown
*Not included in the Windows 2000 Start menu.
Command Prompt
Operating System Fundamentals
Lesson 2
Installation and Upgrade
Objectives
Prepare a computer for operating system
installation.
Identify Windows 9x installation requirements.
Install Windows 98.
Identify Windows 2000 installation requirements
by product version.
Install Windows 2000 Professional to support a
dual-boot configuration.
System Requirements
Installation requirements
 To be able to install the operating system
Operational requirements
 To run necessary applications and manipulate
data files
Windows 9x Installation Requirements
Component
Windows 95
Windows 98
Processor
80386DX
66 MHz 80486DX2
RAM
4 MB
16 MB
Disk space
10 – 15 MB
110 MB
Monitor
VGA
VGA
Software
MS-DOS 3.2
Windows 3.x
MS-DOS 5.0
Windows 3x.
Windows 95
Other hardware
High-density floppy
disk drive
High-density floppy
disk drive
Suggested
CD-ROM, modem,
pointing device,
network adapter
CD-ROM, modem,
pointing device,
network adapter
Windows 9x Installation
System preparation
 System check
Information collection
 Configuration information
File copy
 Operating system file copy
Final Setup and configuration
 Hardware and custom configuration settings
Windows 9x Setup Options
Typical
Portable
Compact
Custom
Windows 9x Upgrade Options
MS-DOS
 Upgrade to Windows 9x not supported
Windows 3.x
 Upgrade to Windows 95 or Windows 98
Windows 95
 Upgrade to Windows 98
Windows 2000 Installation Requirements
Component
Windows 2000
Professional
Windows 2000 Server
Processor
133 MHz Pentium
133 MHz Pentium
RAM
64 MB
128 MB
Disk space
620 MB
671 MB
Monitor
VGA
VGA
Other hardware
CD-ROM or highdensity floppy disk
drive
CD-ROM or highdensity floppy disk
drive
Suggested
CD-ROM, modem,
pointing device,
network adapter
CD-ROM, modem,
pointing device,
network adapter
Windows 2000 Installation
System preparation
 Verify installation requirements
Information gathering
 Installation information
File copy
 Copy operating system files
Graphic mode
 Install hardware support and configure
operating system
Windows 2000 Upgrade
MS-DOS & Windows 3.x
 Cannot upgrade to Windows 2000
Windows 9x
 Upgrade to Windows 2000 Professional
Windows NT Workstation (3.51 and later)
 Upgrade to Windows 2000 Professional
Windows NT Server (3.51 and later)
 Upgrade to Windows 2000 Server
Operating System Fundamentals
Lesson 3
Operating System Fundamentals
Objectives
Identify legacy (MS-DOS and Windows 3.1)
operating system files.
Identify Windows 9x operating system files.
Identify Windows 2000 operating system files.
Boot a Windows 9x system into normal operation
and Safe modes.
Boot a Windows 2000 system into normal
operation and Safe modes.
Create an emergency boot disk for a
specified operating system.
Use Windows 9x and Windows 2000 utilities to
manage system memory
Legacy Operating System Files
MS-DOS
Io.sys
Msdos.sys
Command.com
Himem.sys
Emm386.sys
Config.sys
Autoexec.bat
Windows 3.x
Win.com
Krnl286.exe
Krnl386.exe
User.exe
Gdi.exe
Initialization files
Windows 9x System Files
Io.sys
Msdos.sys
Command.com
Himem.sys
Ifshlp.sys
Dblspace.bin
Drvspace.bin
Config.sys
Autoexec.bat
Win.ini
System.ini
Win.com
Vmm32.vxd
Krnl386.exe
Kernel32.dll
Gdi.exe
Gdi32.dll
User.exe
User32.dll
Bootlog.txt
User.dat
System.dat
Windows 9x Shutdown Options
Standby
Shut down
Restart
Restart in MS-DOS mode
Windows 9x Safe Mode
Windows 9x Safe Mode Options
Normal
Logged (\BOOTLOG.TXT)
Safe mode
Step-by-step confirmation
Command prompt only
Safe mode command prompt only
Previous version of MS-DOS
Windows 2000 System Files
Ntldr
Ntdetect.com
Ntbootdd.sys
Boot.ini
Bootsect.dos
Ntoskrnl.exe
Windows 2000 Shutdown Options
Log off user
Shut down
Restart
Windows 2000 Safe Mode
Windows 2000 Safe Mode Options
Safe Mode
Safe Mode with Networking
Safe Mode with Command
Prompt
Enable Boot Logging
Enable VGA Mode
Last known good
configuration
Directory Services Restore
Mode
Debugging Mode
Boot Normally
Return to OS choices menu
Virtual Memory Management
Paging file size
Paging file location
Hard disk optimization
Multiple paging files
Virtual Memory Management
Windows 9x
Virtual Memory Management
Windows 2000
Emergency Boot Disk
Windows 98
Emergency Boot Disk
Windows 2000
Format disk
Copy system files
 Ntldr
 Ntdetect.com
 Boot.ini
Copy SCSI driver (if needed)
 Ntbootdd.sys
Operating System Fundamentals
Lesson 4
Device Management
Objectives
Identify the role of device drivers.
Compare and contrast Windows 95 and
Windows 98/Windows 2000 device drivers.
Given a device type, describe the device
configuration procedures.
Install and configure a printer on a
Windows 98 system.
Install and configure a printer on a
Windows 2000 system.
Device Configuration
Automatic detection
Manufacturer setup
Add New Hardware
Add/Remove Hardware
Device specific utility
Windows 9x Device Selection
Windows 9x Device Management
Windows 9x Resource Assignments
Windows 2000 Device Selection
Windows 2000 Device Management
Windows 2000 Resource Assignments
Windows 2000 Hardware Properties
Driver Signing Options
Windows 9x Local Printer Installation
Launch Add Printer wizard
Select Local printer
Select manufacturer and model
Select port
Enter name
Print test page
Windows 2000 Local Printer Installation
Launch Add Printer wizard
Select Local printer
Search or select printer
 Printer port
 Manufacturer and model
Enter printer name
Print test page
Printer Management
Printers Folder
Printer Window (Print Queue)
Operating System Fundamentals
Lesson 5
Disk Management
Objectives
(Part 1)
Define the terms disk, partition and volume.
Partition and format a hard disk.
Describe the characteristics of the following file
systems:





FAT
FAT32
HPFS
NTFS version 4
NTFS version 5
Objectives
(Part 2)
Describe the importance of defragmenting
a hard drive
Defragment hard drives in Windows 95,
Windows 98 and Windows 2000.
Manage a hard disk in Windows 9x.
Manage a hard disk in Windows 2000.
Back up and restore data in Windows 9x.
Back up and restore data in Windows 2000.
Backup Methods
Backup Method
Reset Archive
Windows
9x
Windows
2000
Full
Yes
Yes
Yes
Differential
No
Yes
Yes
Incremental
Yes
Yes
Yes
Copy
No
No
Yes
Daily
Yes
No
No
Fdisk Options
Create DOS partition or logical DOS drive
Set active partition
Delete partition or logical DOS drive
Display partition information
Windows 2000
Disk Management
File Systems
File System
Supported by
FAT
MS-DOS, Windows 3.x,
Windows 95, Windows 98,
Windows NT, Windows 2000
FAT32
Windows 95 OSR2, Windows 98,
Windows 2000
NTFS 4
Windows NT, Windows 2000
NTFS 5
Windows NT (SP4), Windows 2000
HFPS
OS/2, Windows NT 3.x
MS-DOS/Windows 9x Format
Windows 98 Format
Windows 2000 Format
Fragmentation
Noncontiguous file
Fragmented files
Windows 9x Disk Defragmenter
Windows 2000 Disk Defragmenter
Windows 9x Disk Management
ScanDisk
Disk Cleanup
Drive Converter
Backup
Maintenance Wizard
Task Scheduler
Selecting Backup Items
Windows 2000 Disk Management
Chkdsk
Disk Cleanup
Task Scheduler
Backup
Select Backup Items
Operating System Fundamentals
Lesson 6
File, Directory and
Application Management
Objectives
(Part 1)
Describe file management procedures.
Use Windows Explorer to manage folder options.
User Windows Explorer to copy and move files.
Compress files to conserve disk space.
Use Encrypting File System to secure files in
Windows 2000
Objectives
(Part 2)
List standard and advanced file attributes.
Modify standard file attributes.
Configure and manage non-Windows applications.
Configure and manage Windows applications.
Folder Hierarchy
Windows 98
Windows Folder Subfolders
Windows 2000
Documents and Settings Folder
Common File Extensions
File Extension
File Type
.EXE
Executable
.DLL
Dynamic Link Library
.OCX
ActiveX Control Library
.SYS
Driver
.BAT
Batch file
.VBS
Visual Basic Scripting file
.TXT
Text file
.DOC
Microsoft Word document
.HTM
Hypertext Markup Language file
.PDF
Portable Document Format file
Windows Explorer
Windows 98 Folder Options
Windows 2000 Folder Options
Copy, Move and Shortcut
Copy
 CTRL + drag-and-drop
 Default with different source/destination drives
Move
 SHIFT + drag-and-drop
 Default when same source/destination drives
Shortcut
 CTRL + SHIFT + drag-and-drop
 Never default
Windows 98 File Attributes
Windows 2000 File Attributes
FAT File System
Windows 2000 File Attributes
NTFS File System
Command Line File Utilities
Utility
Description
Dir
Lists the contents of the current directory.
Cd
Chdir
Changes the current (working) directory.
Copy
Copies a file from one location to another.
Move
Moves a file from one location to another.
Md
Mkdir
Create (makes) a new folder (directory).
Del
Erase
Deletes a file or a folder and its contents.
Attrib
Displays or sets the attributes for a file or folder.
Ren
Rename
Renames a file.
Supported Application Types
MS-DOS
 16-bit applications
 Preemptive multitasking
Win16 (Windows 3.x)
 16-bit applications
 Cooperative multitasking
Win32 (Native Windows 9x/Windows 2000)
 32-bit applications
 Preemptive multitasking
Add/Remove Programs
Windows 9x
Add/Remove Programs
Windows 2000
Operating System Fundamentals
Lesson 7
Networking
Objectives
Identify the role of protocols in network
communication.
Compare and contrast common local area network
(LAN) protocols.
Compare and contrast Windows family network
security models.
Configure a Windows 9x system and a Windows
2000 system to support network communication.
Share local system resources to a network.
Network Software Components
Operating system
Network adapter driver
Communication protocol(s)
Client software
Network Security Models
Workgroup
 All current Windows family
Client/server
 Novell NetWare 3.x and earlier
Domain-based
 Windows NT Server
Directory-based
 Novell NetWare 4.0 and later
 Windows 2000 Server
Common Protocols
NetBEUI
 Non-routable
 Legacy network support
NWLink (IPX/SPX)
 Routable
 Novell NetWare support
TCP/IP
 Routable
 Current standard and Internet support
TCP/IP Suite
Internet protocol (IP)
Transmission control protocol (TCP)
Address resolution protocol (ARP)
Reverse address resolution protocol (RARP)
Telnet
Ping
Tracert/Traceroute
Ipconfig/Winipcfg
TCP/IP Services
Domain name system (DNS) service
 DNS name resolution
Windows Internet name service (WINS)
 NetBIOS name resolution
Dynamic host configuration protocol (DHCP)
service
 Automated TCP/IP host configuration
Ping Results
Tracert in Progress
Windows 98 Network Utility
Windows 98
Microsoft Client Properties
Windows 98
TCP/IP Address Properties
Windows 98
Winipcfg
Windows 98
File Sharing Properties
Windows 98
Printer Sharing Properties
Windows 2000
Network and Dial-up Connections
Windows 2000
Connection Properties
Windows 2000
TCP/IP Properties
Windows 2000
File Sharing Properties
Windows 2000
Printer Sharing Properties
Operating System Fundamentals
Lesson 8
Internet Access
Objectives
Identify Internet technologies and protocols.
Identify Internet services.
Configure a Windows family system to support
dial-up Internet access.
Identify common browsers.
Key Internet Terms
Dial-up access
Domain name system
(DNS)
Electronic file transfer
File transfer protocol (FTP)
Firewall
Hypermedia
Hypertext markup
language (HTML)
Hypertext transfer protocol
(HTTP)
Ping
Proxy server
Request for comments (RFC)
Spam
Uniform resource locator (URL)
Internet (Web) browser
World Wide Web
Internet Services
World Wide Web
FTP
Electronic mail (e-mail) service
DNS servers
Sample Web Page
Configuration Fundamentals
Install and configure a modem
 Required for dial-up access
 Most modems are now plug-and-play
Configure a remote connection
 ISP connection
 Configuration settings provided by ISP
Windows 98
Modem Properties
Windows 98
Dialing Properties
Windows 98
Connection Properties
Windows 98
Server Type Properties
Windows 98
TCP/IP Settings
Windows 98
Remote Connection
Windows 2000
Location Dialing Rules
Windows 2000
Modem Properties
Windows 2000
Network Connection Types
Windows 2000
Connection Properties
Windows 2000
Network Properties
Windows 2000
Remote Connection
Microsoft Internet Explorer
Netscape Navigator
Operating System Fundamentals
Lesson 9
Troubleshooting
Objectives
Describe basic troubleshooting guidelines.
Suggest corrective measures for common error
messages, operating system failures and common
application failures.
Identify and suggest corrective actions for printer
and print spool failures.
Software Failures
Operating system
Operating system components
Applications
Data
Troubleshooting Tools
Boot diskette
Anti-virus diskette
Emergency repair diskette (ERD)
Current software versions
Software updates
References
No Operating System
Operating system corrupted
Master boot record (MBR) corrupted
Operating system files missing
Hard disk or controller failure
Device Driver Not Loaded
Device driver corrupted
Device driver deleted
Device configuration changes
Device driver configuration changes
Device failure
Windows 9x Startup Errors
Himem.sys not loaded
Missing or corrupted Himem.sys
Bad or missing Command.com
Error in Config.sys
Windows 2000 Startup and Recovery
Standard Event Logs
Application
Security
System
Event Viewer
Emergency Repair Diskette Checks
Startup environment
System file verification
Boot partition inspection
Registry file check
Windows 2000 Backup Utility
Windows 98 Dr. Watson Configuration
Windows 2000 Dr. Watson Configuration
Printer Quick Checks
Printer turned off
Printer offline or not ready
Printer out of paper
Printer out of ink or toner
Paper jam
Loose printer cable
Common Printer Errors
Document has not printed
Document stuck in print queue
Printer not available
Garbaged print
Memory overflow errors
Windows 9x
Printer Driver Selection
Windows 2000
Printer Driver Selection
Windows 9x
Spool Settings
Windows 2000
Spool Settings
Printers Troubleshooter
Virus Types
Boot sector
File infection
Macro
Trojan horse
Mail
Management Utilities
Attrib
Automatic skip driver (ASD)
Computer Management
Copy
Xcopy/Xcopy32
Drive Converter
Convert
Defrag
Dir
Edit
Notepad
Expand/Extract
Hwinfo
Mem
Mscdex
Msconfig
Scanreg
Sysedit
System Information
Ver
Wscript
Windows 2000 Computer Management
System Information