Chapter 13 Organizing Information System Resources MIS Department Centralization and Decentralization
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Chapter 13 Organizing Information System Resources
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MIS Department
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Centralization and Decentralization
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Outsourcing Computer Facilities and Services
I. MIS Department 1. Basic Roles of MIS Department (p.510)
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Hardware acquisition and support
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Software acquisition and support
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Network support
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Software development
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Support end-user development
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Corporate Computing Standards
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Data and Database Administrator
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Security
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Advocacy roles
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Hardware acquisition and support
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Purchase, test, deliver and setup computers
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Fix or replace computers
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Routine maintenance
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Software acquisition and support
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Purchase and install
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User training and support
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Upgrade Network Support
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Wired and wireless
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Connections to Internet
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Network Security Software development
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MIS development team leader
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Select and schedule MIS projects
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Monitor progress
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Support end-user development
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Training and help desk
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Simple one-user system grows into large multiple user system (security, accuracy and so on)
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Set corporate data standards: data, files, software, hardware and hardware connections
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Data and data administration
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maintain and monitor performance of database
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Provide data integrity and security control
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Data backup and recovery
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Security
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Policies
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Control and monitor
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Advocacy roles: present benefits and strategic use of MIS.
2. MIS Jobs (p.516)
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Management: CIS/VP, Director
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Business oriented: system analyst
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Technical positions: network administrator, database administrator, telecommunication specialist, programmer
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Entry-level: help desk, PC technician
II. Centralization or Decentralization? (p.519) 1. Hardware
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Centralizing hardware
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Share hardware such as large computer, printer
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and so on.
Less duplication of hardware, software, data and MIS personnel.
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User access control
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Decentralizing hardware
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Price ($50,000 per MIPS vs.. $50 per MIPS)
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More efficient use of hardware Avoid total breakdown
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Personalized equipment
2. Software
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Centralizing software
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Standardization and compatibility
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Easier to install and upgrade A certain number of licenses shared by more users
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Buying discount
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Decentralizing software
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Speed
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Flexible to requirement of users
3. Data
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Centralizing data
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Easy to share data (concurrent access, data integrity, security control and monitoring access and usage)
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Easy to backup and recover
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Decentralizing data
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Faster data access (sometimes through data
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replication) Complete control of own data Easy access since users know what data they have and where data is located.
4. Personnel
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Centralizing personnel
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Group of specialized MIS personnel
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Ease of recruitment and training Professional career and promotion
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Easy to monitor MIS cost
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Decentralizing personnel
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Faster response to users’ needs
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Better understanding of users’ needs Better communication to users
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Different career path 5. Client/Server model combines both
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Items on server tend to be centralized and gain efficiencies from large scale of operation
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Items on client tend to be decentralized and flexibility
III. Outsourcing Computer Facilities and Services (p.517)
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Advantages
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Professional development teams
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Minimize management of IT development issues
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Easy to control costs
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Disadvantages
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Possible loss of control
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Security issues Who identify long-term competitive advantages
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Possible higher costs: your cost + profit margin