Transcript Architecture Unshackled 1790-1851

Architecture Unshackled
1790-1851
Panopticon, a type of prison building designed by English philosopher
and social theorist Jeremy Bentham, 1791: "a new mode of obtaining power of mind
over mind, in a quantity hitherto without example."
Friedrich Gilly (German,1772-1800), design for a monument to Frederick II,
1795-9, unrealized Classical language “foretold a modernism that would not be
fully realized until the supremacy of an age of industry and mass production a
century later”
Sir John Soane, (left) Tivoli Corner, Bank of England, London, watercolor by
Joseph Gandy, 1803
(right) A 19th century print showing the rotunda at the Bank of England in
London, designed by Sir John Soane.
John Nash, Royal Pavilion, Brighton, England 1815-23
Orientalist
John Nash, Royal Pavilion at Brighton, interior, 1815-23
After the fire of 1834, the Houses of Parliament (Palace of Westminster) were built
over the next 30 years. They were the work of the architect Sir Charles Barry (17951860) and A.W.N. Pugin (1812-52). Gothic Revival. Pugin provided the exterior and
interior decoration, while Barry designed the structure of the building.
A.W.N. Pugin, House of
Lords, Palace of
Westminster, London, 183556
Wallpaper for the Palace of Westminster
A.W.N.Pugin ,1847, England, color print
from woodblocks
One of more than a hundred papers
designed by Pugin for the Palace of
Westminster. It exemplifies Pugin's
principles of pattern design, combining
rich colors with flat formalised motifs. For
Pugin, Gothic was the pre-eminent style.
He believed that “All ornament should
consist of enrichment of the essential
construction of a building” and for him
only the art and architecture of the Gothic
period had fulfilled these ideals.
[Text from Victoria & Albert Museum,
London]
A.W.N. Pugin, Contrast in the same town, 1840 and 1440, from Contrasts,
1841
John Nash, 1829-20, London, contemporary photograph of Regent Street:
'Royal Mile' to link Regent's Park with St James Park. Designed by In 1848
Nash's arcade was demolished.
Top: Joseph Paxton, The Crystal Palace, Hyde Park, London, 1851
Bottom: A. W. N Pugin, Houses of Parliament, London, Gothic Revivalism, begun 1840
Crystal Palace by Joseph Paxton architect, Hyde Park, London, England (then
Sydenham), 1851, moved 1852, burnt 1936
Joseph Paxton, Crystal Palace, 1851
Building the Crystal Palace with prefabricated truss
Building The Crystal Palace from prefabricated iron parts
Model of Crystal Palace construction
“Waiting for the Queen,” Orientalist décor of Crystal Palace,
Illustration by Joseph Nash for Dickinson's Comprehensive Pictures of
the Great Exhibition of 1851
Ornamental cover
for joints of girders
(disguising modernity)
Two Beefeaters on guard at the
entrance to the Crystal Palace, Hyde
Park.
Owen Jones’s scheme for the
decoration of the Great Exhibition
building,1850
Jones employed primary colors blue,
red and yellow to elevate the building
to the same standing as the Alhambra
and the Parthenon, where similar
color schemes were used. Fabric
hangings from the iron framework of
the building are meant to evoke the
atmosphere of an Arabian bazaar.
Queen Victoria opens the Great Exhibition of 1851 (interior of Crystal Palace)
Silver table top sculpture shown in Great Exhibition of 1851
Victorian Orientalism
Cartoon from Punch, British satirical magazine
Crystal Palace science exhibit: envelope machine
Compare bed and new railroad cars exhibited at
Great Exhibition of 1851 (Crystal Palace)