Transcript Resistentie kiemen op vlees

Resistentie kiemen op vlees
Februari 18, 2016
Vion Food
Bert Urlings
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What are the issues?
Public health e.g.:
 Influenza
 Q-fever
 Antibiotic resistance
Food safety e.g.:
 STEC
 Toxoplasma gondii
 Antibiotic resistance ESBL
 Dioxin / Aflatoxin
Animal welfare e.g.:
 Castration
 Fast growing broilers
Environment e.g.:
 Fine particular matter (PM10)
 Smell
Labour ethics e.g.:
 Child labour
 Minimal wages
Sustainability e.g.:
 Carbon footprint
 Rain forest
Export e.g.:
 Free global trade
 Transport
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Control: HACCP
Control = Merger of meat inspection and HACCP
Policy Papers on Food Safety:
EU 2000
US 2000
China 2008
• Responsibility (chain of) producers
• Science based
• Risk assessment and HACCP
Vion’s strategy I
Control all relevant hazards
Class 1:
Salmonella
Listeria
STEC
Yersinia
Toxoplasma
……
Class 2
Dioxin
Mycobacterium avium
Antibiotic resistant bacteria / genes
Hepatitis E
………
Vion’s strategy II
Performance hazards-based
e.g. Enterobacteriaceae:
Salmonella: carcass level, trimmings and consumer goods
STEC: process monitoring along the supply chain, negative release for
products at risk
Antibiotic resistant bacteria: MRSA and ESBL on trimmings
………
VHEI: Vion Harmonized Epidemiological Indicators
Vion’s strategy III -- Transparency
Performance: on-line communication with CA
All monitoring data
Salmonella: carcass, trimmings and consumer goods
STEC: carcass, trimmings, consumer goods
Listeria: trimmings and consumers goods
Total bacterial counts: carcass, trimmings and consumer goods
Enterobacteriaceae counts: carcass, trimmings and consumer goods
Communication within the HACCP plan (control plan):
Toxoplasma, Dioxin, Mycobacterium avium, MRSA, ESBL, Yersinia,
Campylobacter
………
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Wat is het gevaar?
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Resistente kiemen bij de mens
ESBLs (E.coli, Klebsiella e.d.)
˃ komt voor in het gehele milieu
˃ in ziekenhuis in de IC complicerende factor
• Mens heeft de kiem bij zich
• Mens loopt de kiem op in het ziekenhuis
˃ is een voedselveiligheidsgevaar
MRSA
˃ veel onderzoek naar gedaan:
• Contact zoonose dier <> mens of dier <> stof <> mens
• Vooral op boerderij niveau
• Dier gerelateerde MRSA (LA-MRSA) milde zoonose
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Onderzoek verspreiding ESBLs /
resistente genen
Vion neemt deel in twee wetenschappelijke projecten
•ESBLAT: verspreiding van ESBLs
˃ RIVM
˃ WUR
˃ IRAS (universiteit Utrecht)
•EFFORT: EU project verspreiding resistentie genen
˃ ~ idem ESBLAT NL
˃ EU Volksgezondheidsinstituten + Universiteiten
˃ Vion enige voedsel bedrijfsleven
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The research leading to these results has received funding from
the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme
[FP7/2007-2013] under grant agreement n°613754.
EU Research on transmission of
antibiotic resistance in Food Chains
In depth study
• Slaughterhouse sampling
• Farms human sampling
• Dust / air measurements
Slaughterhouse sampling (1)
Slaughterhouses: NL/DE
pig slaughterhouses: IRAS/UU/Vion
poultry slaughterhouses: TIHO
HUMAN
FECAL
CARCASS
GLOVES
AIR
FECAL
ANIMAL
MEAT
END
PRODUCT
HYGIENE
NL
400
200
450
45
90
200
3x
DE
400
200
450
45
90
200
3x
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Slaughterhouse sampling (2)
B
Carcass sampling
After scalding
(cork borer)
Carcass sampling
B
A
Cutting room
(cork borer)
C
C
Air sampling
A: Sampling head
B: PVC tube
C: Pump
Air sampling
After singeing
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Slaughterhouse sampling (3)
Total #samples
Human:+350
Gloves: 168
Carcass: 80
Pig manure: 30
Air: 16
Scoring: Hygiene, contact
General questionnaire: 1
Human fecal sampling
(incl. questionnaire)
Gloves sampling
Processing in the lab
+800 packages
10-25 euro/sample
=> +/- 350 samples collected
Progress
NL: Spring 2016 (human: first steps)
DE: Feb-Mar 2016 (ongoing discussions)
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Slaughterhouse study: Goals
• Presence and quantity of AMR within different reservoirs
(human, animals, environment)
• Define risk factors for the presence of resistance genes in
the slaughterhouse (e.g. location)
• To define exposure-response relationships, assess
consumer exposure
Metagenomic analysis of human samples (NL, DE?)
Comprehensive approach, inform qPCR (e.g. meat)
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Slaughterhouse: Metagenomics
High-risk steps
- Stables, stunning, bleeding
- Evisceration
Low-risk steps
- Cutting room
- Deboning area
Workers
+
Carcass
Pig fecal
‘Baseline’
- General population
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Farmers stool samples - Objectives
• Describing the quantity of resistance genes in
German and Dutch pig and poultry
farmers/workers/family.
• Risk factor analysis of resistance genes in farmers
• E.g. working hours, genes in dust and feces, farm
characteristics
Farmers stool samples
• NL and DE farms: all farmers, family and
workers are invited to participate
Status:
Pig farmers
Poultry farmers
NL
65 (19 farms)
26 (12 farms)
DE
24 (17 farms)
11 (8 farms)…
• Controls: general population
First DNA extractions are planned for spring
2016
Control strategy resistant genes / mo
Reduce initial contamination
In animal at farm (AMU / Biosecurity / Feed)
Slaughterhygiene
Prevent multiplication process / on product
Processing hygiene (Biofilms, etc.)
Cooling < 7°C
Safe pork in a snapshot
Heavy metals
Dioxin / PCB
Hygiene
Antibiotics
No critical antibiotics for
men + AM stewardship
Reduce stress
Slaughter hygiene
Feed
Hygiene
Cooling
Biosecurity
Audit + monitoring
in blood Toxo /
Mycob avium
Monitoring Sal +
List + STECpage
+ ESBL
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+ Camp
Thank you
and enjoy
Safe Lunch!