Progress towards achieving the MDGs Dr Mickey Chopra, Chief of Health, UNICEF The progress towards MDG 4 is insufficient globally Sub-Saharan Africa, Southern Asia and Oceania.
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Progress towards achieving the MDGs Dr Mickey Chopra, Chief of Health, UNICEF The progress towards MDG 4 is insufficient globally Sub-Saharan Africa, Southern Asia and Oceania is not on track Under-five mortality rate by region, 1990 and 2009 200 199 1990 166 150 2009 150 125 per 1,000 live births 108 99 100 89 77 71 66 53 50 52 51 41 26 23 21 10 6 0 Source: IGME 2010 60 U5MR reduction - Progress has not been evenly distributed among regions Trends in Under-five Deaths, 1970-2008 18 Number of <5 deaths (in millions) 16 2.6 Africa Asia Other 19% 14 2.1 12 8% 1.5 10 17% 0.9 10.4 8 15% 0.6 7.6 6.7 5 6 3.7 52% 4 2 0.5 3.7 3.9 4.3 4.5 4.5 2.2 1.4 0 1970 1980 1990 2000 2008 2015 MDG Target MDG 5: Progress but still too high Total aid to MNCH (constant 2008 USD) $6,000 Millions (constant 2008 USD) $5,000 Non-Countdown countries $4,000 $3,000 68 $2,000 Countdown $1,000 $- ODA to child health countries ODA to MNH per birth ODA to MNH 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 $140 $120 $100 $60 $40 $0 Mexico Brazil China Philippines Turkmenistan Morocco India Egypt Azerbaijan Indonesia Korea, Dem. Rep. Iraq Peru Bangladesh Guinea Pakistan Yemen Myanmar Pop-weighted… Cameroon Nepal Cote d'Ivoire Nigeria Gabon Chad South Africa Guatemala Ethiopia Eritrea Congo, Rep. Congo, Dem. Rep. Madagascar Burkina Faso Somalia Cambodia Mauritania Tajikistan Laos Bolivia Togo Kenya Uganda Zimbabwe Sierra Leone Angola Niger Sudan Uweighted average Central African… Ghana Mali Papua New Guinea Senegal Guinea-Bissau Gambia Swaziland Tanzania Lesotho Benin Haiti Burundi Afghanistan Mozambique Malawi Zambia Rwanda Djibouti Liberia Equatorial Guinea Botswana $160 68 priority countries: Levels of ODA to CH per child, 2008 $80 Population-weighted Average: $6 per child Unweighted Average: $16 per child $20 $140 $120 $100 $60 $40 $0 Brazil Mexico China Egypt Cameroon India Turkmenistan Philippines Korea, Dem. Rep. Indonesia Nigeria Iraq Pakistan Myanmar Morocco Pop-weighted… Peru Chad Guinea Tajikistan Cote d'Ivoire Togo Congo, Dem. Rep. Bangladesh Gabon Ethiopia Congo, Rep. Eritrea Angola Central African… Azerbaijan Niger South Africa Sudan Uganda Guatemala Burkina Faso Yemen Mauritania Benin Kenya Gambia Madagascar Bolivia Tanzania Somalia Swaziland Burundi Laos Ghana Uweighted average Guinea-Bissau Senegal Papua New Guinea Mali Lesotho Nepal Malawi Afghanistan Cambodia Mozambique Zimbabwe Zambia Sierra Leone Haiti Rwanda Liberia Djibouti Equatorial Guinea Botswana $160 68 priority countries: Levels of ODA to MNH per birth, 2008 $80 Population-weighted Average: $11 per birth Unweighted Average: $31 per birth $20 Funding gap still large Global Strategy for Women and Children 2010 Unequal Progress to MDG’s Under Five Mortality 2/3 countries that have made progress in reducing U5MR have shown worsening inequalities (i.e gaps between better off and worse off have increased) Indicates : delivery and financing of health and nutrition services as well as demand / use of these favor the better off UNICEF Progress for Children 2010 In South Asia, the richest 20% are 23 times more likely to use improved sanitation than poorest 20% Education marginalization – inequalities within countries The case of Nigeria 14 Ukraine Average number of years of schooling 12 Cuba 10 Bolivia Indonesia 9.7 years Richest 20% 10 years Rural Urban 10.3 years Rich, rural boys Rich, urban boys Rich, rural girls Boys Girls 8 Honduras 6 NigeriaCameroon 6.7 years Urban 6.4 years Bangladesh Poor, urban boys 4 Education poverty Chad Poorest 20% 3.5 years Rural 3.3 years 2 Poor, rural girls 2.6 years Extreme education poverty 0 C. A. R. Rural Hausa 0.5 years Poor, rural Hausa girls 0.3 years Targeting CH aid Equatorial Guinea Afghanistan Chad Niger Targeting MNH aid Equatorial Guinea Afghanistan Niger Chad Equity-driven programming can deliver better results, more equitably, at a lower cost per life saved in Pakistan Child deaths averted with $1 Mill. investment 180 166 150 118 120 91 90 60 30 - Locally-developed strategy can obtain similar or better results at a lower cost