Transcript HIV/AIDS AMONG LATINOS IN NEW JERSEY presented by: Gloria M. Rodriguez, DSW Assistant Commissioner Division of AIDS Prevention and Control presented at the: The HIV /

HIV/AIDS AMONG LATINOS IN NEW JERSEY
presented by:
Gloria M. Rodriguez, DSW
Assistant Commissioner
Division of AIDS Prevention and Control
presented at the:
The HIV / Latino Planning Meeting
December 3, 2001
HIV/AIDS Cases among Latinos
Reported 1986-2000, New Jersey
25
1800
1600
20
1400
1200
15
1000
800
10
600
400
5
200
Year of Initial HIV/AIDS Report
00
20
99
19
98
19
97
19
96
19
95
19
94
19
93
19
92
19
91
19
90
19
89
19
88
19
19
19
87
0
86
0
Percent of Cases
Number of Cases
2000
HIV/AIDS Cases among Latinos,
January 1986-December 2000, New Jersey
The number of Latino persons reported with HIV/AIDS to the New Jersey
Department of Health and Senior Services increased each year from 1986
through 1994. In 1992, HIV reporting was initiated in New Jersey, and in
1993 the definition of AIDS was expanded by CDC; these changes resulted
in artifactual increases in the number of HIV/AIDS cases reported.
Beginning in 1996, the success of antiretroviral therapies, including protease
inhibitors, has helped to reduce the progression to AIDS among persons
infected with HIV. The same incidence pattern has occurred among among
all racial/ethnic groups. Among Latinos, the number of reported HIV/AIDS
cases began to decrease in 1995 as the effect of the 1993 case definition
began to wane ; however, the proportion of HIV/AIDS cases in Latinos has
remained relatively steady each year. In the year 2000, 521 cases of
HIV/AIDS were reported among Latino persons and this accounted for 19%
of all reported cases of HIV/AIDS in 2000 in New Jersey.
Latino Persons Living with HIV/AIDS in New Jersey
by Country of Birth, as of June 30, 2001
100%
Percent of Cases
90%
80%
33%
U.S.-Puerto Rico (23%)
70%
60%
23%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
U.S.-50 states & DC (33%)
30%
0%
Total=6,058
Dominican Republic (2%)
Mexico (2%)
Cuba (2%)
Colombia (2%)
Other Centra1/South America (6%)
Born outside US, in other/
unspecified country (1%)
Unknown Country of Birth (30%)
Latino Persons Living with HIV/AIDS in New Jersey,
by Country of Birth,
Reported as of June 30, 2001
The distribution of Latino persons living with HIV/AIDS in New Jersey varies
by country of birth. One-third (33%) of Latinos reported living with HIV/AIDS
were born in the United States (the 50 states and the District of Columbia).
Almost one-quarter were born in Puerto Rico (23%), followed by the
Dominican Republic, Mexico, Cuba, and Colombia (2% each). Latinos born
in other Central and South American countries account for 6%. The
remaining 31% of Latino persons living with HIV/AIDS were reported among
those whose place of birth is unknown (30%) and those born outside the US
in other or unspecified countries (1%).
Proportion of HIV/AIDS Cases, by Race/Ethnicity and
Year of Report, 1986-2000, New Jersey
Percent of Cases
70
Black, not Hispanic
60
50
40
White, not Hispanic
30
20
10
Hispanic
Asian/Pacific Islander
0
1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000
Year of Initial HIV/AIDS Report
Proportion of HIV/AIDS Cases,
by Race/Ethnicity and Year of Report,
1986-2000, New Jersey
The proportional distribution of HIV/AIDS cases among racial/ethnic groups
has shifted since the beginning of the epidemic. The proportion of cases
among whites has decreased over time, while it has increased among
Hispanics. The proportion of cases reported among Black Not Hispanic
persons has remained at a high level, representing the largest proportion of
cases. In 2000, 59% of reported HIV/AIDS cases were black, 19% were
Hispanic/Latino,19% white, and less than 4% other and unknown
race/ethnicity.
HIV/AIDS in Latinos
Of the 58,186 New Jersey HIV/AIDS cases
through June 2001, Hispanic/Latino persons accounted for
17%
15%
17%
18%
of
of
of
of
total
women
heterosexuals*
children
Of HIV/AIDS cases reported in 2000, 19% were
among Hispanic/Latino persons.
*Heterosexual injection drug users and persons with heterosexually acquired HIV
HIV/AIDS in Latinos
Hispanics/Latinos account for a disproportionate share of HIV/AIDS cases.
Over 17% of the HIV/AIDS cases ever reported in New Jersey have been
among Hispanic/Latino persons. In the year 2000, 19% of the HIV/AIDS
cases reported in New Jersey were among Hispanic/Latinos.
By contrast only 13% of the New Jersey population are Hispanic/Latino
according to the Year 2000 U.S. Census.
HIV/AIDS Cases in Adult/Adolescent Men, by Exposure Category
and Race/Ethnicity, Reported through June 2001, New Jersey
100%
Percent of Cases
90%
80%
Men who have
sex with men
(MSM)
Injection drug
use (IDU)
70%
60%
50%
MSM and IDU
40%
Heterosexual
contact
30%
Other/not
identified*
20%
10%
0%
White
not Hispanic
N=10,973
Black
not Hispanic
N=20,400
Hispanic
N=7,086
ALL Adult/
Adolescent Men
N=38,887
*Includes patients with hemophilia or transfusion-related exposures and those whose medical record review is pending;
patients who died, were lost to follow-up, or declined interview; and those with other or undetermined modes of exposure
HIV/AIDS Cases in Adult/Adolescent Men,
by Exposure Category and Race/Ethnicity,
Reported through June 2001, New Jersey
Over 38,800 cases of HIV/AIDS have been reported among adult/adolescent
men; approximately 18% among Hispanic men. Overall, 27% of men
reported with HIV/AIDS were men who have sex with men (MSM) and 44%
were injection drug users (IDU). An additional 5% of cases were MSM and
IDU. The distribution of risk varies by racial/ethnic group; among white men
46% of cases are among MSM and 32% are IDU. Among black men, 17%
are MSM and a higher proportion (51%) are IDU. Hispanic/Latino men have
a distribution that falls between these two groups, with 25% MSM and 44%
IDU.
HIV/AIDS Cases in Adult/Adolescent Women, by Exposure Category
and Race/Ethnicity, Reported through June 2001, United States
100%
90%
Injection
drug use
(IDU)
Sex partner
of IDU
Percent of Cases
80%
70%
60%
Sex partner of
other men at
increased risk
Other/not
identified*
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0
0%
White
not Hispanic
N=3,179
Black
not Hispanic
N=11,281
Hispanic
N=2,619
ALL Adult/
Adolescent Women
N=17,261
*Includes patients with hemophilia or transfusion-related exposures and those whose medical record review is pending;
patients who died, were lost to follow-up, or declined interview; and those with other or undetermined modes of exposure
HIV/AIDS Cases in Adult/Adolescent Women,
by Exposure Category and Race/Ethnicity,
Reported through June 2001, New Jersey
Over 17,200 cases of HIV/AIDS have been reported among women since
the beginning of the epidemic; 15% among Hispanic/Latino women. HIV
infection was attributed to injection drug use (IDU) for 43% of the women
reported with HIV/AIDS, to heterosexual contact with an IDU for 14%, and to
heterosexual contact with a bisexual male, a person with hemophilia, a
transfusion recipient with HIV, or an HIV-infected person for 19% of the
women. These proportions are similar for white and black women, with both
groups reporting 44 to 48% of cases among IDU, 13 to 15% attributed to
heterosexual contact with an IDU and 15 to 19% reporting other
heterosexual contact. Among Hispanic/Latino women, less cases were
reported among IDU (33%) and more cases were attributed to heterosexual
contact with an IDU (19%) and to other heterosexual contact (24%).
HIV/AIDS Cases in Adults and Adolescents by Exposure Categor
and Race/Ethnicity, Reported through June 2001, New Jersey
Exposure category
Men who have sex with
men (MSM)
White
not Hispanic
Number %
Black
not Hispanic
Number %
Hispanic
Number %
5,015 35
3,558
11
1,804
19
5,021 35
15,473
49
3,977
41
554
4
1,014
3
337
3
Heterosexual contact
1,380
10
5,369
17
1,706
18
Other/not identified*
Total
2,182
14,152
15
6,267
31,681
20
1,881
9,705
19
Injection drug use (IDU)
MSM and IDU
*Includes patients with hemophilia or transfusion-related exposures and those whose medical record review is
pending; patients who died, were lost to follow-up, or declined interview; and those with other or undetermined
HIV/AIDS Cases in Adults and Adolescents by Exposure Category
Reported through June 2001, New Jersey
Exposure category
Men who have sex with
men (MSM)
ALL Adult/Adolescent
HIV/AIDS Cases
Number %
10,468
19
24,550
44
MSM and IDU
1,912
3
Heterosexual contact
8,530
15
10,688
56,148
19
Injection drug use (IDU)
Other/not identified*
Total
* Includes patients with hemophilia or transfusion-related exposures and those whose medical record
review is pending; patients who died, were lost to follow-up, or declined interview; and those with
HIV/AIDS Cases in Adults and Adolescents
by Exposure Category and Race/Ethnicity,
Reported through June 2001, New Jersey
Among whites, equal proportions of HIV/AIDS cases have been among
men who have sex with men (MSM) and injection drug use (35%). Among
Hispanics/Latinos, injection drug use (IDU) has been the primary mode of
exposure to HIV (41%). Of the 8,530 cases of HIV/AIDS attributed to
heterosexual contact, 5,768 (68%) were among women. 20% of these
women (1,132) were Hispanic/Latino. Since the beginning of the epidemic
there have been 205 cases of HIV/AIDS among adult/adolescent persons
with hemophilia or coagulation disorders, and 604 adult/adolescent cases
attributed to the receipt of blood transfusions, blood components, or tissue.
These cases have included persons of all racial and ethnic groups.
HIV/AIDS Cases Reported in 2000 and
Estimated 2000 Population, by Race/Ethnicity, New Jersey
HIV/AIDS Cases
N=2,800*
Population
N=8,414,350*
1%
2%
19%
19%
6%
2%
13%
13%
66%
59%
White, not Hispanic
Black, not Hispanic
Hispanic
Asian/Pacific Islander
Other/Unknown*
*HIV/AIDS cases reported in 2000 included 66 persons with unknown race/ethnicity.
New Jersey 2000 census recorded 133,689 non-Hispanic persons with two or more
races identified,; they are included in the Other/Unknown category of this state population pie
HIV/AIDS Cases Reported in 2000 and Estimated 2000
Population, by Race/Ethnicity, New Jersey
In the year 2000, 2,800 cases of HIV/AIDS were initially reported to the New
Jersey HIV/AIDS Surveillance Program. The distribution of cases among
some racial/ethnic groups is disproportional to the distribution of the general
population. Nineteen percent of the cases were among Hispanic/Latino
persons, whereas only 13% of the population is Hispanic. Fifty-nine percent
of cases reported were among black not Hispanic persons, yet only 13% of
the population is black. And 19% of cases were white not Hispanic,
compared to 66% of the population. This is due to either a higher
prevalence of behaviors among minority persons that place one at risk for
HIV infection, or a higher prevalence of HIV infection within the minority
population, or some combination of these factors.
HIV/AIDS Cases in Adults and Adolescents,
by Sex and Race/Ethnicity, Reported in 2000, New Jersey
Number of Cases
(in thousands)
1000
932
White, not Hispanic
Black, not Hispanic
Hispanic
750
Other/Unknown
568
500
391
364
250
117
120
63
27
0
Male
N=1,750
Female
N=832
HIV/AIDS Cases in Adults and Adolescents,
by Sex and Race/Ethnicity, Reported in 2000, New Jersey
In 2000, 68% of reported HIV/AIDS cases among adults/adolescents were
male. Similar numbers of Hispanic/Latino and white men were reported with
HIV/AIDS, and there were more than twice as many black men. Thirty two
percent of adult/adolescent cases were female. Nearly equal numbers of
white and Hispanic/Latino women were reported with HIV/AIDS. Fourteen
percent of cases among women were Hispanic/Latino, 14% were white and
68% were black.