Tiny Technologies Overview by Joost Bonsen * [email protected] • • • • • The Speculative Possibilities Work at MIT The Money Business Implications Further Sources.
Download ReportTranscript Tiny Technologies Overview by Joost Bonsen * [email protected] • • • • • The Speculative Possibilities Work at MIT The Money Business Implications Further Sources.
Tiny Technologies Overview by Joost Bonsen * [email protected] • • • • • The Speculative Possibilities Work at MIT The Money Business Implications Further Sources Tiny = ? • Micro through Nano in size / length scale • MEMS, NEMS, PEMS, Molectronics, Spintronics, Photonics, optoelectronics… • Nano + tubes, wires, crystals, balls, logic, rods, gears, engines… • Molecular Engineering, Biological Engineering… http://www.foresight.org/ Feynman’s Vision There’s Plenty of Room at the Bottom! http://www.zyvex.com/nanotech/feynman.html Dec 1959 Talk at APS / CalTech http://www.photosynthesis.com/RICHARD_F.html Drexler’s Engine’s of Creation http://www.foresight.org/EOC/ 1985 Book while at MIT Dismissed often as “Pure SF” Drawing Inspiration & More from Biology • Ribosomes • Flagellar Motors • Muscles • … http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/molecules/pdb10_1.html http://www.rae.org/revev6.html http://www.kapili.com/f/art/filament1.gif http://www2.physics.ox.ac.uk/biophysics/Intro.html http://www.ai.mit.edu/people/tk/ce/flagella-s.gif http://gened.emc.maricopa.edu/bio/bio181/BIOBK/BioBookAnimalTS.html Dimensions in Silicon and in Biology red blood cell ~5 m (SEM) DNA proteins nm Simple molecules <1nm diatom 30 m bacteria 1 m 10-10 10-9 10-8 10-7 10-6 m 10-5 10-4 10-3 10-2 SOI transistor width 0.12m semiconductor nanocrystal (CdSe) Nanometer memory element 5nm (Lieber) 1012 bits/cm2 (1Tbit/cm2) Source: Molecular Machines (Jacobson) Group Circuit design Copper wiring width 0.2m IBM PowerPC 750TM Microprocessor 7.56mm×8.799mm 6.35×106 transistors Tiny Tech @ MIT • Research Centers • Unifying Projects • Faculty & Principal Investigators Tiny Research Centers • • • • • • MTL MPC CBE SNL CBA ISN …several others Microsystems Technology Labs http://www-mtl.mit.edu/mtlhome/ • • • • MEMS CAD Materials Fabrication Schmidt MicroTurbine Project • http://www.economist.com/ Materials Processing Center http://web.mit.edu/mpc/www/ • Advanced materials • Processes • Properties • Fabrication Kimmerling Center for Biomedical Engineering http://web.mit.edu/cbe/www/ • Molecular Engineering • Cell & Tissue Engineering • Physiological Systems Engineering Grodzinsky Space Nanotechnology Lab http://snl.mit.edu/ • Space Imaging • HighPerformance Schattenburg http://cba.mit.edu/ from atomic nuclei to global networks Nanofab, Biofab, Macrofab Gershenfeld http://cba.mit.edu/docs/01.04.cbaproposal.pdf Institute for Soldier Nanotechnology • Protective Suits • Human Augmentation http://web.mit.edu/newsoffice/nr/2002/isn.html Thomas “It sounds a lot like Science Fiction!” http://www.horizoncomics.com/radix/ -- MIT Student & Comic Book Fan Tiny Faculty (a Sampling) • • • • • • • Slocum Hunter Subresh Ortiz Jacobson Manalis Ippen • • • • • • Smith Knight Sasisekharan Endy Hammond Lauffenberger …many more Precision Engineering http://pergatory.mit.edu/ Flextesters Slocum Group http://www-me.mit.edu/people/personal/slocum.htm Bioinstrumentation / Nanorobotics Hunter Group http://biorobotics.mit.edu/ Cellular Solids Research Gibson Group http://web.mit.edu/dmse/csg/Research.htm NanoMechanical Testing http://web.mit.edu/nanolab/ Subresh Group http://web.mit.edu/newsoffice/nr/2002/nanolab.html Nanomechanics Ortiz Group http://web.mit.edu/cortiz/www/ Molecular Machinery 0.26 A260 (O.D.) on 0.24 0.22 off 0.20 0 1 2 3 4 time (min) RF Biology Jacobson Group Printed Electronics http://www.media.mit.edu/molecular/ Nanoscale Sensing / Silicon Biology Manalis Group http://www.media.mit.edu/nanoscale/ Molecular Self-Assembly http://web.mit.edu/edgerton/felice/ Zhang Group http://web.mit.edu/lms/www/index.shtml Functional Glycomics Sasisekharan Group http://functionalglycomics.mit.edu/cgi-bin/functional_glycomics/homepage.cgi http://web.mit.edu/tox/sasisekharan/ Lithographed Nanostructures Smith Group http://nanoweb.mit.edu/ http://rleweb.mit.edu/rlestaff/p-hsmith.htm Femtosecond Optics “pulses … sufficiently short duration to capture the motion of particles in the atomic and subatomic regime” http://rleweb.mit.edu/Publications/webfeatures/Ippen_Killian.htm Ippen Group http://rleweb.mit.edu/Publications/currents/cur11-2/11-2optics.htm http://web.mit.edu/mphotonics/www/index.shtml Microbial Engineering / Cellular Robotics / Synthetic Biology Knight Group http://www.ai.mit.edu/people/tk/ce/microbial-engineering.html Systems Biology Endy Lab http://web.mit.edu/biology/www/facultyareas/facresearch/endy.shtml MacroMolecular Synthesis Hammond Group http://web.mit.edu/hammond/lab/index.html Biological Engineering / Bioengineering Lauffenberger http://web.mit.edu/beh/whatisbeh.htm Tiny Money • Billions in research – NNI $600M in 2002, vs $420M in 2001 • http://www.infocastinc.com/Nanotech/home.htm • http://nano.gov/ • http://nano.gov/2003budget.html • Millions in VC – Polaris, DFJ – Corporate Venturing • Still early days Tiny Business Implications • Profitable Product Lines in MEMS • Startups in Nano Successful MEMS Products • TI’s Digital Mirror Device • ADI’s Accelerometer TI’s Digital Mirror Device http://www.vxm.com/TI4.jpg ADI’s Crash Bag Accelerometer http://www.citizen.org/fireweb/airbag.jpg http://www.sandia.gov/mems/micromachine/analog_snl.html Selected MEMS Startups • • • • • • • Iridigm MicroCHIPS E-Ink Flexics Memgen Plastilogic Rolltronics Selected Nano Startups • • • • • • • • • OmniGuide SurfaceLogix Nanosys EngeneOS Calmec Molecular Electronics Zyvex Nanopto Nanotechtonics Big Business Investments • • • • Xerox – e.g. Eink competitor IBM – deep investments Big Pharma Medical Devices – e.g. J&J + Medtronics • HP spinoff Agilent – Nano LabChip Dangers of Over-Hype • Like AI in 80’s • Some things are fundamentally hard • Progress is rather bursty MIT Sources MIT’s David Ward has a Nanotech pointer site, very good: http://web.mit.edu/dwward/www/nanotechnology/nanotechnology.htm The MIT Alum Association openDOOR February edition was on Tiny Technologies, very nice, very comprehensive: http://alumweb.mit.edu/opendoor/200202/ MIT’s Technology Review does a stellar job of covering ever smaller-scale Engineering: http://www.techreview.com/articles/nannan.asp Commercial Sources • Nanotech Planet – http://www.nanotech-planet.com/ • Zyvex has a comprehensive Nano site – http://www.zyvex.com/nano/ • ACRS NanoTech – http://cr.org/ Other Sources • Foresight Institute – http://www.foresight.org/ • Nanotech Opportunity Report – http://www.foresight.org/NanoRev/NOR.html • Sandia’s MEMS movies! – http://www.sandia.gov/mems/micromachine/movie s.html • NanoSIG.org 3D thru Cross-Eye http://www.zyvex.com/nanotech/visuals.html