Transcript Global Change Information System (GCIS) ESIP Federation Winter Meeting, 2014 www.globalchange.gov Overview • Background and Status of the GCIS – Who are we? – What.

Global Change Information System (GCIS)
ESIP Federation Winter Meeting, 2014
www.globalchange.gov
Overview
• Background and Status of the GCIS
– Who are we?
– What are we doing now?
– How are we doing it?
• The Future of GCIS
– What does everyone think we should do?
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U.S. Global Change Research Program
The Program:
• Coordinates Federal research to
better understand and prepare
the nation for global change
• Prioritizes and supports cutting
edge scientific work in global
change
• Assesses the state of scientific
knowledge and the Nation’s
readiness to respond to global
change
• Communicates research findings
to inform, educate, and engage
the global community
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Staff (some of many contributors)
The U.S. Global Change Research Program (USGCRP) National Coordination Office (NCO):
Curt Tilmes1, Steve Aulenbach2, Brian Duggan2, Justin Goldstein2, Amanda McQueen2,
Julie Morris2, Glynis Lough2
The National Climate Assessment (NCA) Technical Support Unit (TSU):
David Easterling3, Paula Hennon4, Angel Li4, April Sides6, Mark Phillips5, Sarah Champion4, Andrew
Buddenberg4, Devin Thomas6
Habitat Seven (NCA Web Design and Development):
Jamie Herring, Phil Evans, Aires Almeida, Graham Blair
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI) Tetherless World Constellation (TWC) (Semantic Web Information
Modeling):
Peter Fox, Xiaogang Ma, Patrick West, Jin Zheng
Forum One (globalchange.gov Web Design, Development and Integration):
Mike Shoag, Michael Rader, John Schneider
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NASA
University Corporation for Atmospheric Research
NOAA/NCDC
The Cooperative Institute for Climate and Satellites (CICS), North Carolina State University
National Environmental Modeling and Analysis Center (NEMAC), UNC Asheville
ERT, Inc.
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Global Change Research Act (1990), Section 106
…not less frequently than every 4 years, the
Council… shall prepare… an assessment which–
• integrates, evaluates, and interprets the findings
of the Program and discusses the scientific
uncertainties associated with such findings;
• analyzes the effects of global change on the
natural environment, agriculture, energy
production and use, land and water resources,
transportation, human health and welfare,
human social systems, and biological diversity;
and
• analyzes current trends in global change, both
human- induced and natural, and projects major
trends for the subsequent 25 to 100 years.
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Previous National Climate Assessments
Climate Change Impacts on the
United States (2000)
Global Climate Change Impacts
in the United States (2009)
3rd NCA Draft: http://ncadac.globalchange.gov
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Global Change Information System
(GCIS)
Long Term Vision:
The Global Change Information System (GCIS) is intended to
eventually become a unified web based source of authoritative,
accessible, usable and timely information about climate and global
change for use by scientists, decision makers, and the public.
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Global Change Information System
(GCIS)
Long Term Vision:
The Global Change Information System (GCIS) is intended to
eventually become a unified web based source of authoritative,
accessible, usable and timely information about climate and global
change for use by scientists, decision makers, and the public.
Initial Prototype:
Coincident with the release of the Third National Climate
Assessment (NCA), early 2014, the GCIS will support the
distribution, presentation and documentation needs of the NCA,
integrating that content into the USGCRP web site
(globalchange.gov) and demonstrating the potential for GCIS to
support the long term vision.
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Outline for (public draft!) Third NCA Report
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Letter to the American People
Executive Summary: Report Findings
Introduction
Our Changing Climate
Sectors & Sectoral Cross-cuts
Regions & Biogeographical Cross-cuts
Responses
– Decision support
– Mitigation
– Adaptation
• Agenda for Climate Change Science
• The NCA Long-term Process
• Appendices
– Commonly Asked Questions
– Expanded Climate Science Info
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Regions & Biogeographical Cross-Cuts
Oceans and
Marine
Resources
Coasts,
Development,
and Ecosystems
Sectors
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Water Resources
Energy Supply and Use
Transportation
Agriculture
Forestry
Ecosystems and
Biodiversity
• Human Health
Sectoral Cross-Cuts
• Water, Energy, and Land Use
• Urban Systems, Infrastructure,
and Vulnerability
• Impacts of Climate Change on
Tribal, Indigenous, and Native
Lands and Resources
• Land Use and Land Cover
Change
• Rural Communities
• Biogeochemical Cycles
NCA3 Web Site
• NCA3 will be integrated with the new revision
of the USGCRP globalchange.gov
• Design goals:
– Responsive design compatible with various screen
sizes and devices.
– Leverages social media to allow users and partners
to easily share content and visuals.
– Expose all elements of NCA3 through web
searchable and downloadable PDF.
– Cater to a wide range of users spanning casual
public viewers to scientific researchers.
– Link to supporting information behind graphics and
key messages.
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Information Quality Act
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Reproducibility means that the information is capable of being substantially reproduced,
subject to an acceptable degree of imprecision. For information judged to have more
(less) important impacts, the degree of imprecision that is tolerated is reduced
(increased). With respect to analytic results, "capable of being substantially reproduced''
means that independent analysis of the original or supporting data using identical
methods would generate similar analytic results, subject to an acceptable degree of
imprecision or error.
Transparency is not defined in the OMB Guidelines, but the Supplementary Information
to the OMB Guidelines indicates (p. 8456) that "transparency" is at the heart of the
reproducibility standard. The Guidelines state that "The purpose of the reproducibility
standard is to cultivate a consistent agency commitment to transparency about how
analytic results are generated: the specific data used, the various assumptions
employed, the specific analytic methods applied, and the statistical procedures
employed. If sufficient transparency is achieved on each of these matters, then an
analytic result should meet the reproducibility standard." In other words, transparency and ultimately reproducibility - is a matter of showing how you got the results you got.
http://www.cio.noaa.gov/services_programs/IQ_Guidelines_011812.html
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Complete Traceability for NCA Content
Transparency ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Reproducibility
Traceable
Sources
References
Image sources
Data sources
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Link to datasets
Complete metadata
Traceable
Processes
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Description of
methods
Access to process
info & review
Traceable
Tools
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Access to computer
code
Description of systems
and platforms
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Harder
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Traceable
Data
Data and The National Climate Assessment
The Challenge
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More than 250 named authors (>1000 contributing!)
Approximately 1300 pages
30 Chapters
6 Appendices
Approximately 300 figures
More than 600 images
Approximately 83 data sources used across as many
as 235 instances*
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Data and The National Climate Assessment
The Solution
• Defined categories of information within the report:
– Figure
– Image
– Data Source
• Build a process for collecting source information that will satisfy
IQA and HISA requirements:
– Named sources and contacts for every figure, image, and data
source
– Web-based survey that requests inputs that address transparency
and reproducibility and build a foundation for providing the
Metadata ISO 19115 standard
– IT infrastructure that connects and promotes automation between
the web-based survey, a structured data server (SDS)/GCIS, and
publication to an official, interactive NCA web site
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Data and The National Climate Assessment
The Solution
globalchange.gov
website
NCA Resources
Site Web Form
ATRAC/XML
File Generator
Structured
Data
Server
Metadata Entry
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Data Set metadata for a figure from the public draft
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GCIS Structured Data Server
• Capture – Obtain from a variety of sources: manual input
by trusted parties – support staff, agency partners, data
centers; automated harvesting from publishers, agency
data centers, etc.
• Identify – Assign persistent, resolvable, controlled
identifiers to each element.
• Organize – Capture, discover and represent relationships
between elements, including across various types of
elements; across data centers; and across agency
boundaries.
• Present – Provide machine accessible interfaces to retrieve
structured metadata, and to search/data mine it.
• Maintain – Develop tools and processes to ensure quality
and integrity of database contents over time.
http://data.globalchange.gov
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Global Change Content Elements
• Reports, Figures, Images, Research Papers,
Journals, Measurements, Datasets,
Instruments, Agencies, Projects, People,
Models, Algorithms, …
• Findings – “Climate is changing.” “Sea Level
is Rising.”
• Concepts: “Impacts of Climate Change on
Human Health” “Adaptation”
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Global Change Keywords (GCMD)
Sample finding:
Certain types of extreme weather
events have become more
frequent and intense, including
heat waves, floods, and droughts
in some regions. The increased
intensity of heat waves has been
most prevalent in the western
parts of the country, while the
intensity of flooding events has
been more prevalent over the
eastern parts. Droughts in the
Southwest and heat waves
everywhere are projected to
become more intense in the
future.
GCMD v8.0
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ATMOSPHERIC/OCEAN INDICATORS >
EXTREME WEATHER
EXTREME WEATHER > EXTREME
PRECIPITATION
PRECIPITATION > PRECIPITATION RATE
EXTREME WEATHER > HEAT/COLD WAVE
FREQUENCY/INTENSITY
NATURAL HAZARDS > HEAT
NATURAL HAZARDS > FLOODS,
PRECIPITATION > PRECIPITATION AMOUNT
PRECIPITATION >RAIN
SURFACE WATER > FLOODS
ATMOSPHERIC PHENOMENA > DROUGHT,
EXTREME WEATHER > EXTREME DROUGHT,
NATURAL HAZARDS > DROUGHTS
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Machine Accessible Metadata
globalchange.gov
website
NCA Resources
Site Web Form
ATRAC/XML
File Generator
Structured
Data
Server
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GCIS Database/API
• RESTful API at data.globalchange.gov
• URLs correspond to ontology URIs
• Primary storage : RDBMS
(PostgreSQL/PostGIS)
• Representation is serialized (for JSON) or
used in templates (for Turtle)
• Turtle representation is exported into a
triple store (Virtuoso) which provides a
SPARQL endpoint.
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GCIS
Ontology
(version
1.2)
(a) Classes and properties representing a brief structure of the draft NCA3
(b) Classes and properties relevant to the findings of the draft NCA3 and
each chapter in it
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(c) Classes and properties about sensors, instruments, platforms, and
algorithms, etc. through which datasets are generated
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A few classes are asserted as sub-classes of PROV-O classes
Full GCIS Ontology documents are available at:
http://tw.rpi.edu/web/project/gcis-imsap/GCISOntology
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SPARQL Example
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http://data.globalchange.gov/examples
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Find publications from which figure 2.26 (global-slr) in the draft nca3 was derived.
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select ?y FROM <http://data.globalchange.gov>
where {
<http://data.globalchange.gov/report/nca3draft/chapter/our-changingclimate/figure/global-slr> gcis:hasImage ?img .
?img prov:wasDerivedFrom ?y
}
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Data and GCIS
The Future
globalchange.gov
website
Structured
Data
Server
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U.S. Global Change Research Program
The Program:
• Coordinates Federal research to
better understand and prepare
the nation for global change
• Prioritizes and supports cutting
edge scientific work in global
change
• Assesses the state of scientific
knowledge and the Nation’s
readiness to respond to global
change
• Communicates research findings
to inform, educate, and engage
the global community
31
Two Parallel Paths
1. Third National Climate Assessment (NCA3)
Traceable
Sources
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References
Image sources
Data sources
Traceable
Data
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Link to datasets
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Complete metadata
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Traceable
Processes
Description of
methods
Access to process
info & review
Traceable
Tools
•
•
Access to computer
code
Description of systems
and platforms
2 . GCIS
Two Parallel Paths
1. NCA3 release
Traceable
Sources
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References
Image sources
Data sources
Traceable
Data
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Traceable
Processes
Link to datasets
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Complete metadata
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Description of
methods
Access to process
info & review
2 . Populate GCIS
Traceable
Tools
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Access to computer
code
Description of systems
and platforms
Questions and Comments
For more information, visit http://www.globalchange.gov