Volunteer work and Draft ICATUS

ILO Department of Statistics Sophia Lawrence

ICATUS Revision New York, (11-31 June 2012) ILO Department of Statistics

Volunteer work defined

“Unpaid non-compulsory work; that is, time individuals give

without pay to activities performed either through an organization or directly for others outside their own household”

– It is work – It is unpaid – It is

not compulsory

– It can be done for or through organisations (i.e., market enterprises (corporations or household), government and non profit institutions), or directly for other households ILO Department of Statistics

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Volunteer work measured

• Current recommendations (Manual & 18 th ICLS) • Its measurement is consistent with ILO’s promotion of decent work: – For human dignity, in terms of economic and social development objectives ILO Department of Statistics

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Volunteer work and SNA

• Within the SNA production boundary – All volunteer work through organizations organization) ( e.g. teaching in a school, organizing a lottery for the Red Cross, cleaning rivers for an environmental – Volunteer work directly for households producing goods use (e.g. building homes for homeless, making clothes for children) for own • Beyond the SNA production boundary (inside the General production boundary) – Volunteer work directly for households producing services mainly for own final use (e.g. transporting a neighbour to a clinic, keeping company to the sick, preparing meals for the elderly) ILO Department of Statistics

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New ILO conceptual framework − volunteering in Work statistics

ILO Department of Statistics

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Volunteering in concept of Work

• Work comprises all inputs of labour for: – Production of goods and services for payment, profit or family gain; – Unpaid production of goods and services for consumption by others, ex. as a volunteer or part of a programme of education and training;

(problematic)

– Unpaid production of goods and services care) for own consumption or by members of own household (ex. subsistence production and household cleaning or child ILO Department of Statistics

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Bringing all Work in line with SNA

SNA 2008 ACTIVITIES Paid employment Productive Activities Within Self-employment in market enterprises Production of goods for own final use Volunteer work in market or non-market enterprises Volunteer work in HH to produce goods for own final use Beyond Volunteer work in HH to produce services for own final use Unpaid household service work

Non-productive activities Self-care, study, training, leisure, culture, … Begging, stealing (if products are not sold)

ICLS

13 th

18 th

   ≠ ?

?

    ?

    ?

ILO Department of Statistics

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Participation in different forms of work

Volunteers

Employed Unpaid household service workers Producers of goods mainly for own final use ILO Department of Statistics

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Problems to capture volunteers in TUS

• Because volunteering is not a regular or long-lasting activity, it tends to be underestimated in TUS • When identified, TU classifications generally do not obtain information about: – The activities carried out when volunteering is done through organisations • e.g. Red Cross, schools, government ILO Department of Statistics

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Solutions to improve TUS measurement

• Demographic questionnaire – Include stylised questions on volunteering: • Did you also do any type of unpaid work as a volunteer for an organization or another household… in the reference period ?

• Along with background information: – For how long… – What type of (volunteer) activities…?

• Time Diary – Instructions should give examples of types of volunteering activity (tends to be on/off, seasonal) – Even over short periods of time ILO Department of Statistics

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TUS context variables

• Including new variables in the Questionnaire, in addition to prompting, improves results: • Context variable "for whom" the activity is carried out: • Previous argument against: respondents not sure what to report • Latest arguments for (Canada): ex. person reports cooking, shopping, driving, etc. not for own household but for neighbour or relative in another household – Without context information, activity will appear as “Own production work” ILO Department of Statistics

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Illustration: Measurement in Time Use Surveys

T

Demographic Qt: Household Roster & Demographic Characteristics

n+

Part I: Participation in all labour force activities

-Labour force activities

(paid & self-employment in market enterprises) (Unemployment job search activities, duration)

W A P

Part II: Participation in other forms of Work

-Own production of goods – what, whom, length -Volunteer work – what, whom, length ? -Unpaid trainee work – what, whom, length ? -Unpaid hhld service work – what, whom, length ?

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Volunteering in non-TUS (LFS)

• Measure volunteer work as part of statistics on labour input, based on 1 hour criterion and working time hour bands • In the same programme as producers of goods mainly for own final use (and unpaid household services) • Use modules to the labour force or other household surveys, with an employment component • Cover the working age population – Whether persons are working, seeking work or outside the labour force ILO Department of Statistics

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Volunteering and ICATUS

• Volunteer activity should be measured: • Both within and beyond the SNA production boundary AND • That occurs in NPIs, for all Corporations, for Government • Measure these workers (and their characteristics) as part of labour input • Classify volunteer activities

(43)

to as many categories (at least) as community organized services

(42)

– (41) Separate out work resulting in goods vs. services (as for Paid Work activities) therein lies SNA distinction ILO Department of Statistics

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