Transcript Berkeley NEST Wireless OEP David Culler, Shankar Sastry, Eric Brewer, Kris Pister, David Wagner Unversity of California, Berkeley.

Berkeley NEST Wireless OEP
David Culler, Shankar Sastry, Eric Brewer,
Kris Pister, David Wagner
Unversity of California, Berkeley
Administrative
• Secure Language-Based Adaptive Service Platform (SLAP)
for Large-Scale Embedded Sensor Networks
• PM: Vijay Raghavan
• PIs:
–
–
–
–
–
•
•
•
•
David Culler, [email protected]
Eric Brewer, [email protected]
David Wagner, [email protected]
Shankar Sastry, [email protected]
Kris Pister, [email protected]
University of California, Berkeley
Award Start Date: 6/1/01
Award End Date: 10/31/04
Agent Name and Organization:Juan Carbonell, AFWL
2/6/2002
NEST PI Meeting - Berkeley OEP
Subcontractors and Collaborators
• Crossbow
– manufactures & tests node and sensor boards
– offers for sale beyond initial contract run
• UCLA
– development of networking algorithms, coordination services,
testbed development
• Intel Research
– application studies, base-station support, ubicomp usage, language
design
– potential next generation design and manufacturing collaboration
• Kestrel, UCI
– miniproject synthesis and composition
• USC, U Wash., UIUC, UVA, Ohio State, Bosch, Rutgers,
Dartmouth, GATECH, Xerox
2/6/2002
NEST PI Meeting - Berkeley OEP
Problem Description and Program
Objective
• Develop a platform for NEST research that will dramatically
accelerate the development of algorithms, services, and
their composition into applications
– allowing algorithmic work to move from theory to practice at a very
early stage, without each group developing extensive infrastructure
– Critical barriers are scale, concurrency, complexity, and uncertainty.
• Permit demonstration of fine-grain distributed control
• Define series of challenge applications to drive the
program components
• Metric of success
–
–
–
–
2/6/2002
rate of development of new algorithmic components
degree of reuse of platform components
scale of integration across program
number of novel factors influencing algorithm design revealed
through hands-on empirical use
NEST PI Meeting - Berkeley OEP
New Ideas
Secure Language-Based Adaptive
• Small, flexible, low-cost, low-power,
Service Platform for
wireless embedded sensor devices
Large-scale Embedded Sensor Networks • Tiny event-driven, robust, open component
OS for NEST devices
David Culler,
Eric Brewer, David Wagner
UC Berkeley
- mcast, AM, prune algorithmic primitives
• FSM high-concurrency prog. env.
• Resilient aggregation
- for security and other noise
• Macroprogramming unstructured
aggregates
• Adversarial Simulation
Impact
• Enable creation of embedded distributed syst. of
Schedule
chal. app defn
unprecedented scale and role
- 1,000s of tiny networked sensors
• Enable new classes of applications integrated
with physical world
- Greatly simplify creation of distributed systems at
extreme scale (HW & SW)
- fine-grained distributed control
• Accelerate prototyping and evaluation of new
OEP1
defn
FSM
OEP1
on OEP1
eval
June 02
lang
based
optimize
final
& viz
macro.
prog.
lang
env
design
June 03
June 04
Oct 04
End
June 01
Start
OEP2
coord. & synthesis algorithms
proto
• Enable new, robust basis for distributed,
embedded software thru platform design &
OEP1
novel
tools for simulation and visualization
10x100OEP
kits
2/6/2002
NEST PI Meeting - Berkeley
• Drive NW sensor challenge applications
log &
trace
adv.
sim
OEP2
platform
design
OEP2
analysis
OEP2
OEP3
OEP3
platform
design
chal app &
evaluation
Project Status: on-schedule
• Completed design, manufacturing, and testing of MICA
low-power wireless platform
• Refined extension connector specification
• Completed design and prototyping of rich sensor card for
MICA (production to complete April 1)
• Mechanical design of compact package
• Evaluation and structured redesign of TinyOS stack
• Code release of TinyOS 0.6 with new MICA 40 kbps stack,
flash logger
• Adapted ATMEL studio
• Preliminary static command/event analysis
• Demonstration of RC5 encryption in < 2kB
• Demonstration application of environmental monitoring,
tracking, and social network
– energy efficient time synchronization and multihop networking
2/6/2002
NEST PI Meeting - Berkeley OEP
Platform: Ahead of Schedule or
Unplanned
• Developed TOSSIM for detailed simulation up to
1000s of nodes (uniform application)
• Demonstration of initial aggregation operators
• Prototype Implementation of Geocast
• Prototype visual TinyOS programming tool
• Development and calibration of RF-based
localization components
• Implementation of general
actuator control (with SDR pgm)
• Studies of large-scale algorithm
dynamics
2/6/2002
NEST PI Meeting - Berkeley OEP
The MICA architecture
• Atmel ATMEGA103
51-Pin I/O Expansion Connector
8 Programming
Digital I/O 8 Analog I/O
Lines
• 4 Mbit flash (AT45DB041B) DS2401 Unique ID
– SPI interface
– 1-4 uj/bit r/w
Atmega103 Microcontroller
Transmission
Power Control
• RFM TR1000 radio
– 50 kb/s – ASK
– Focused hardware acceleration
• Network programming
• Same 51-pin connector
Hardware
Accelerators
TR 1000 Radio Transceiver
SPI Bus
– 4 Mhz 8-bit CPU
– 128KB Instruction Memory
– 4KB RAM
Coprocessor
4Mbit External Flash
Power Regulation MAX1678 (3V)
– Analog compare + interrupts
• Same tool chain
• Provides sub microsecond RF
synchronization primitive
2/6/2002
2xAA form factor Cost-effective
power source
NEST PI Meeting - Berkeley OEP
Rich Sensor board
Mica PINS
PHOTO
Y Axis
X Axis
TEMP
SOUNDER
Tone
Intr
Mic
Signal
MICROPHONE
Gain Adjustment
MAGNETOMETER
ACCELEROMETER
ADC Signals (ADC1-ADC6)
On/Off Control
I2C Bus
Interrupt
Microphone
Sounder Magnetometer
1.25 in
Temperature
Sensor
2/6/2002
Light
NEST PI Meeting - Berkeley
OEP
Sensor
2.25 in
Accelerometer
Protoype Boards – beyond platform
• Motor-Servo board
Motor-Servo Board interfaces any combination
of two motors, servos, and
solenoids to a toy car
platform
Whisker-Accel • Sensor boards are
currently being prototyped,
Board
including a whisker board
for obstacle detection and
a digital accelerometer
GPS
(ADXL202) board for crude
Board
odometry
• Low-level software
components written to
abstract hardware
2/6/2002
NEST PI Meeting - Berkeley OEP
Project Status: Challenge Appln
• level field (400-2500 m2) with 5-15 tree-like obstacles
• Pursuers’ team
– 400-1000 nodes
– 3-5 ground pursuers,
– 1-2 aerial pursuers
• Evaders’ team
– 1-3 ground evaders
• Self organization of motes
• Localization of evaders
– Evaders’ position and velocity estimation by sensor network
– Communication of sensors’ estimates to ground pursuers
• Design of a pursuit strategy
• Minimize capture time and energy
– accuracy of localization & synch
– stability of network and dist. alg
2/6/2002
Scheduler
Localization
Communication
Synchronization
Tracking
NEST PI Meeting - Berkeley OEP
Sensor Interface
Wor
ld
Project Plans
• Complete 1.0 release of TinyOS
• Support facility for project groups using the platform
• Logging and analysis of platform usage, failure modes,
energy profile.
• Analysis of hardware design and TinyOS relative to
evolving project needs
• Develop simulation environment
• Design specification for robust version of TinyOS
• Design of low-level programming language for FSM
component
• Preliminary Analysis of techniques for resilient
aggregation and random sampling
• Demonstration of distributed control loops
2/6/2002
NEST PI Meeting - Berkeley OEP
Project Schedule and Milestones
chal. app defn
OEP1
defn
FSM
OEP1on OEP1
eval
June 02
log &
trace
adv.
sim
macro. lang
design
lang
based
optimize
& viz
June 03
final
prog.
env
June 04
June 01
Start
OEP1
10x100 kits
OEP2
platform
design
OEP2
OEP3
OEP3
platform
design
chal app &
evaluation
• Next Six Months
–
–
–
–
–
–
2/6/2002
Complete TinyOS 1.0 (network programming, rssi, time synch)
Deliver sensor board
Tracking demonstration
Challenge App. Spec
FSM programming
OEP 1 evaluation
NEST PI Meeting - Berkeley OEP
Technology Transition/Transfer
• All HW and SW open and web-accessible
– several groups building new boards & components
– source forge
• Crossbow is manufacturing and marketing
current platform
– plan to incorporate ATMEGA 128 in spring
– exploring chipcon radio
• BOSCH exploring use for intelligent alarms
• Intel Research collaborating on platform design
and use
– potential avenue for Silicon Radio and MEMS efforts
– may collaborate on development of next generation platforms
2/6/2002
NEST PI Meeting - Berkeley OEP
Program Issues
• Is the partitioning into platform / application /
coordination services / synthesis services /
composition services natural? Appropriate?
• Is there a common understanding of what it
means?
• Is is clear who is responsible for what?
• Many seem to be “the stuff that glues together
what others develop” rather than identifiable
“meat”
2/6/2002
NEST PI Meeting - Berkeley OEP