Transcript WIPO/INV/BEI/02/16 SECOND INTERNATIONAL FORUM ON CREATIVITY AND INVENTION A BETTER FUTURE FOR HUMANITY IN THE 21ST CENTURY Beijing, May 23 to 25, 2002 Document.

WIPO/INV/BEI/02/16
SECOND INTERNATIONAL FORUM ON CREATIVITY AND
INVENTION A BETTER FUTURE FOR HUMANITY IN THE 21ST CENTURY
Beijing, May 23 to 25, 2002
Document prepared by Mrs. Tarja Koskinen-Olsson,
Chief Executive Officer, KOPIOSTO,
Helsinki (Finland)
1
www.kopiosto.fi
INVENTORS, INNOVATORS AND CREATORS THE INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL OF NATIONS
Creators – Who are they?
Authors of literary and artistic works
Natural persons (authors) create works
Performing artists perform works
Publishers and producers invest in works
All have rights in copyright legislation
Culture, science, information
2
www.kopiosto.fi
•
•
•
•
•
Copyright Industries
in Finland
4,1% GNP - CORE COPYRIGHT INDUSTRIES
0,9% GNP - INDIRECT INDUSTRIES
5,0% GNP - TOTAL
4,0% OF THE WORK FORCE
From 4 to 7% in other countries
3
www.kopiosto.fi
•
•
•
•
Core Copyright Industries - 1996
Press and literature
Software and databases
Radio and television
Advertising
Music
Theatre and opera
Architecture
Photography
Visual arts
Industrial design
1,61%
0,96%
0,37%
0,30%
0,20%
0,09%
0,09%
0,08%
0,03%
0,02%
4
www.kopiosto.fi
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Creators, legislators, users
www.kopiosto.fi
• How does (copyright)
legislation protect the
rights of creators?
• What privileges for
users are there in the
legislation?
• How can people
benefit from cultural
works and products?
5
Press and literature
www.kopiosto.fi
•
•
•
•
•
Writers
Translators
Journalists
Scientists
Publishers of
books, periodicals
and newspapers
6
Press and literature
– reward to writers (public lending right)
• Scientific writers and publishers
– early in the Internet
• Photocopying and digital copying
– Collecting societies
• Affordability
– VAT on books and newspapers
7
www.kopiosto.fi
• Libraries
Software and databases
www.kopiosto.fi
•
•
•
•
System designers
Programmers
Compilers of data
Software
publishers
8
Software and databases
– on-line sales of software increasing
• Protection of databases
– to enhance investment in important databases
– traditional knowledge, folklore
9
www.kopiosto.fi
• Enforcement
– piracy of computer programs
• Electronic commerce
Film and television
www.kopiosto.fi
• Script writers
• Directors
• Directors of
photography
• Actors
• Film producers
• Broadcasters
10
Film and television
– transfer of rights, exploitation rights
• Broadcasters’ rights
– new instrument discussed in WIPO
• Multiple channels
– Cinema, television, cable and satellite, video,
DVD, web-casting
– role of public broadcasters
11
www.kopiosto.fi
• Ownership of rights in audiovisual works
Music and sound recordings
www.kopiosto.fi
•
•
•
•
Composers
Text-writers
Music publishers
Musicians and
singers
• Producers of
sound recordings
12
Music and sound recordings
– make copyright function in practice
• Right of public performance
– broadcasters’ remuneration vital
• Private copying (“Napster phenomena”)
– levies on blank tapes and equipment
• Fight against piracy
– legitimate sales bring also tax revenue
13
www.kopiosto.fi
• Collecting societies
Visual arts and photography
www.kopiosto.fi
•
•
•
•
•
Painters
Sculptors
Graphic artists
Illustrators
Photographers
14
Visual arts and photography
– resale right of artists
• Right of reproduction
– books, postcards, posters
• Museums on-line
– collections available world-wide
15
www.kopiosto.fi
• Auction sales
Creators contribute to
– copyright industries grow more rapidly than the
economy in general
• Social well-being
– culture adds value to the human life
• Cultural diversity
– culture reflects the identity of a nation
16
www.kopiosto.fi
• Economic wealth
Intellectual capital of nations
– copyright an important element
• Investment policy
– how to enhance local “content industries”
• Science policy
– how to enhance research and development
• Cultural policy
– cultural institutions
17
www.kopiosto.fi
• Policy on artists and their living conditions