Transcript Chapter 10 Listening and Taking Lecture Notes Listening Listening involves understanding what you are hearing and having the ability to hold verbal stimuli in working.

Chapter 10
Listening and Taking
Lecture Notes
Listening
Listening involves understanding what you are
hearing and having the ability to hold verbal stimuli
in working memory long enough to attach meaning
to the words and to interpret what the speaker is
saying.
Listening is not the same as hearing.
Listening is an active process that engages the
listener in a variety of mental processes.
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Communication Activity
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Factors that Influence Listening
• Your attitude
• The topic
• The speaker's qualities
• External distractors
• Personal factors
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Kinds of Listening
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Strategies for Active Listening
• Familiarize yourself with the topic before class.
• Prepare questions about the topic to increase
interest and intention.
• Show a positive, respectful, attentive attitude.
• Use concentration strategies to combat external
distractors.
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Strategies for Active Listening (Cont)
• Create a relaxed state of mind; use relaxation
techniques.
• Focus on the speaker's message by using verbal
and nonverbal clues.
• Listen carefully in group activities and be open to
other points of view.
• Ask clarifying questions, paraphrase, and respond
to questions.
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Steps in the Listening Process
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Create a Listening Goal
Is your goal in a listening situation to:
• Acquire information?
• Analyze and interpret information?
• Empathize with someone's feelings, emotions, or
situation?
• To enjoy and appreciate the speaker's message?
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Essential Strategies to Strengthen
Listening Skills
• Create an interest or a curiosity about the topic.
• Strive to develop the mental discipline to stay tuned
in to the speaker.
• Attend to levels of information.
• Visualize the topic and the content.
• Monitor your emotional responses.
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Essential Strategies to Strengthen
Listening Skills (Cont)
• Ask clarifying questions.
• Paraphrase the speaker.
• Pay attention to nonverbal clues and body
language.
• Discuss or explain the information to someone.
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Essential Strategies to Prepare for
Lectures
• Familiarize yourself with the topic before class.
• Familiarize yourself with new terminology, symbols,
formulas, and equations.
• Ester the classroom with a positive, receptive
attitude.
• Leave stress and emotional issues at the door.
• Take care of personal comfort needs before you
enter the classroom.
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Essential Strategies to Prepare for
Lectures (Cont)
• Be mentally alert.
• Sit in the front of the room.
• Identify your listening goal.
• Set goals that include specific listening strategies
to implement during the lecture.
• Be prepared with appropriate materials.
• Begin taking notes as soon as the lecture begins.
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Options for Taking Lecture Notes
The Cornell Notetaking System
The Two-Column Notetaking System
The Three-Column Notetaking System
The Formal Outline Notetaking System
The Taking Notes in Your Textbook System
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Techniques for Organizing Information
1. Listen for key words and signal headings and main
points.
2. Listen for terminology and definitions.
3. Listen for important details.
4. Listen for ordinals.
5. Listen for examples.
6. Use verbal and nonverbal clues as signals.
7. Copy steps and explanations for math problems.
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Speech, Writing, and Thinking Rates
Average rate of speech during lectures: 100-125 wpm
Average rate of writing:
30 wpm
Average rate of thinking:
400 wpm
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Techniques for Adjusting to the Rate of
Speech
• Paraphrase the speaker by shortening and
rewording.
• Use abbreviations to reduce the amount of writing.
• Create a set of common symbols.
• Use a modified form of printing/writing.
• Keep writing.
• Stay focused.
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Talking and Thinking Discrepancy
Use the following techniques when the speaker is
talking too slowly and your mind is wandering
and you are losing your focus:
• Keep writing.
• Mentally summarize.
• Anticipate the next point.
• Mentally question the information.
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Working With Your Lecture Notes
• Complete your notes after the lecture.
• Add more structure to your notes.
• Supplement your notes.
• Rewrite your notes when justified.
• Recite, reflect, and review your notes.
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