Indigenous R & D efforts for HEP detectors

Glass Resistive Plate Chambers for INO experiment Proposer: B.Satyanarayana

Mentor: Prof Naba K Mondal Department of High Energy Physics, TIFR, Mumbai, 400005

What is the need?

     Detectors form the core of scientific research!

 What is ‘discoverable’ in an experiment is often limited by capabilities of the employed detector Why do we need indigenous development?

Need for large and sustained efforts Rich experience of various detector development activities for KGF, DZERO, CMS experiments Now, the proposed Indian-based Neutrino Observatory (INO) is looking for a new detector!

B.Satyanarayana, DHEP, TIFR, Mumbai DAE Vision 2020, Subtopic 3.8, May 3-4, 2004 2

The proposed INO detector

Magnetised iron calorimeter

•

RPC dimension: 3m X 2m

•

No of chambers: 11K

•

No of channels: 220K

•

No of TDC channels: 3K 35KTons

B.Satyanarayana, DHEP, TIFR, Mumbai DAE Vision 2020, Subtopic 3.8, May 3-4, 2004 3

Why RPCs?

     Rugged, cheap and easy to produce large area cells Good timing, counting rate, spatial resolution, large signals Can take roles of tracking, timing, particle identification and (even) calorimeter detectors Being used or planned for many HEP, Cosmic ray, astroparticle physics experiments:  All four LHC experiments, Belle, Babar, HARP, EAS-TOP Choice of designs, modes of operation, gases etc B.Satyanarayana, DHEP, TIFR, Mumbai DAE Vision 2020, Subtopic 3.8, May 3-4, 2004 4

A typical RPC construction

2 mm thick spacer Two 2 mm thick float glasses separated by 2 mm spacers Signal pickup strips for X-Y readout Glass plates

B.Satyanarayana, DHEP, TIFR, Mumbai

Graphite coating on the outer surfaces of glass

DAE Vision 2020, Subtopic 3.8, May 3-4, 2004 5

RPC R & D infrastructure at TIFR

B.Satyanarayana, DHEP, TIFR, Mumbai DAE Vision 2020, Subtopic 3.8, May 3-4, 2004 6

A few of our preliminary results

B.Satyanarayana, DHEP, TIFR, Mumbai DAE Vision 2020, Subtopic 3.8, May 3-4, 2004 7

Proposal for new work

       Double-gap, multi-gap and Hybrid designs Avalanche versus streamer modes of operation Gas mixture studies and optimization MIP efficiency issues Improvement of time resolution Special RPCs for finer spatial resolution The all important ageing concerns B.Satyanarayana, DHEP, TIFR, Mumbai DAE Vision 2020, Subtopic 3.8, May 3-4, 2004 8

Proposed plan for new work

       Gases, mixing, circulation and monitoring systems Industrial help for resistive coats on electrodes etc.

In-house development of electronics and DAQ Simulation studies – Process, Device and Detector Meeting INO design requirements in the process RPC deployments beyond INO Possible spinoffs … B.Satyanarayana, DHEP, TIFR, Mumbai DAE Vision 2020, Subtopic 3.8, May 3-4, 2004 9

A proposed spinoff

  Positron Emission Tomography (PET)   A radiotracer imaging technique using positron emitting radio nuclides Applications include:   Early detection of cancer Neurophysiological studies  Quantification of brain functions Natural advantages in case of RPC     Intrinsic layered structure (~100 layers) Simple and economic construction Time-of-Flight capability Considerably lower radiation levels for whole-body PET B.Satyanarayana, DHEP, TIFR, Mumbai DAE Vision 2020, Subtopic 3.8, May 3-4, 2004 10