Transcript Integrated Assessment and Planning: Ecological Migration in China Chinese Delegation International Environmental House, Geneva, February 14-18

Integrated Assessment and Planning:
Ecological Migration in China
Chinese Delegation
International Environmental House, Geneva, February 14-18
Outline of presentation
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Background
Why we do
What we do
How we do
Who will do
Conclusion
Background: IAP in China
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China’s efforts on Sustainable Development
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1987, as a member of WCED to propose concept of
SD
1992, UNCED, CBD ratified and UNFCCC ratified
1994, Sustainable Development Strategy setup and
Agenda 21 of China, under support of UNDP
1990’s Montreal Protocol implementation, Kyoto
Protocol approved, ratified and Implemented
voluntary-based and CDM-based
2000 Sustainability Index system (UNDP Human
Development Indicators)
2002, Action Plan for Rio+10
2003, Scientific approach of development, Well-off
Society and 5 harmonies
2004 - Green Accounting/Green GDP
Background: IAP in China
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Demand of China’s decision-makers
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Measurements:
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Development goal:
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integrating environmental and social aspects into economic
mainstream
SD Index, Green GDP, Green Accounting
Xiao Kang target (Overall development goal of well-off
society)
Actions of promoting SD in 3 dimensions
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Sustainable Production
Sustainable Consumption
Sustainable Trade
Background: IAP in China
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Technical Problems that China’s decisionmakers are facing
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Methodology of integration
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How to integrate 3 dimensions into 1 axis?
Do need IAP from UNEP
Background: IAP in China
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Progress of IAP in China
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EIA Law
planning EIA requirements
 Project cost-benefit analysis requirements
 Policy EIA is proposed for next revision of EIA
law
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Project evaluation for large size public
project
Social
 Economic
 Environmental
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Background: IAP in China
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Progress of IAP in China
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Environmental Impacts of trade regime
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SIA
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WTO accession
China-ASEAN (10+1) FTA
Proposed China-New Zealand FTA
EU-ACP
EU-M
NAFTA
IAP
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UNEP guidelines
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Cotton assessment sponsored by UNEP
Rice assessment sponsored by UNEP
Background: IAP in China
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Further plan
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IAP for Ecological Migration Planning and
Project
Green Accounting
IAP for FTA, such as 10+1
IAP for new round negotiation of WTO trade
and environment
IAP for Ecological Migration is proposed
to do first
Why we do
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Background of poverty alleviation in China
Ecological migration as one of the main
measures of poverty alleviation
Major problem of ecological migration
Poverty Alleviation in Rural China
Overview
250
200
150
Million
100
50
0
1978
1985
1993
2000
2003
With some 20 years’
efforts,
poverty-stricken rural
population dropped from
250 million in 1978 to 29
million in 2003.
poverty incidence rate
from 30.7% to 3.1%.
Food & Cloth problem
of the rural poor has
been basically solved.
Poverty Reduction Measures
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Rural Infrastructure Construction
Poverty Reduction Measures
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Agriculture Development
Poverty Reduction Measures
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Capacity Building for Farmers
Poverty Reduction Measures
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Organize Labor Mobilization
Poverty Reduction Measures
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Improve Education and Health
Poverty Reduction Measures
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Ecological Migration
Major Challenges
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M
i
l
l
i
o
n
300
Slow-down in the reduction of the poor population
250
200
150
100
50
0
7
19
8
9
19
2
9
19
4
9
19
6
9
19
8
0
20
0
0
20
2
Major measure
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5 million
Extreme poverty in ecological vulnerable
regions
Population lacks of
basic living resources
Ecological Migration
Review of Ecological Migration
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Targeted Group:
In places where the nature environment is too
fragile for people to get rid of poverty without
further deteriorating the resource base
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Objectives:
--Sustained lift of poor people from the poverty
trap,
--Protection of the natural environment and
ecological systems,
--Cost-effectiveness for achieving social and
environmental goals.
Review of Ecological Migration
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Procedures
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Policy-making
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Planning-making
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By Central government with grants and privilege
policies
By Provincial governments
Project implementing
By Provincial governments for intra-county projects
 By county governments for inter-county projects
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Review of Ecological Migration
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Progress
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Started from 1983 in Ningxia Autonomous Region
National 8-7 poverty reduction plan during 1994-2000
China Rural Poverty Reduction and Development
Program (2001-2010)
Pilot project of Ecological Migration in 9 provinces
from 2001
Achievements
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So far, 2.6 million poverty population have been
migrated and among them 2.41 million are settled,
taking up 93% of total ecological migrants
Review of Ecological Migration
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Major problem
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Lack of technical guideline for planning and
projects
Little systematic review of experiences and lessons
 Little monitoring and evaluation
 Little quantitative methodology
 Little integration
 Little IAP
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What we plan to do
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Objective
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To study on the guideline for integrated
assessment of ecological migration planning
and project, based on case studies
How we plan to do
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Review of literatures and practice
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domestic experiences and lessons
International experiences with migration
How we plan to do
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Case studies in 4 representative regions
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Jiangxi Province
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Central China
Low income poverty population
Regional Planning migration
Humid and sub-tropic region
Gansu Province
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Northwestern China
Extreme poverty
Project-based migration
Dry and/or Semi-dry region
How we plan to do
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Case studies in more than 4 representative regions
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Yunnan Province
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Southeastern China
Karsts Landscape area
Diversified small minority ethic groups
Great Mekong Region with humid, tropic and sub-tropic
plateau region
Guangxi Autonomous Region
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Southern China
Zhuang dominant Minority area
Intra-region migration from rural to suburb
Under support of neighboring Guangdong province – one of
the production-base of China
How we plan to do
Environmental
Impacts
Ecological
Migration
Economic
Impacts
Social
Impacts
How we plan to do
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Data
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4 Case study
Survey
Statistics
How we plan to do
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Stakeholder analysis
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Poverty migration group
Recipient group
Different level governmental bodies
Business sector
key persons concerning culture and religion
Humanitarian and environmental NGOs
Media people
Others
How we plan to do
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Workshops for consultation, researchers,
and officials
Training courses for IAP/EIA practitioners
International conference of ecological
migration
Who will do
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Major participants
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SEPA
LGOP
NDRC
Ministry of Agriculture
Chinese Academy of Social Sciences
Universities
Provincial Governments
County governments
NGOs
Media
Others
Significances of the study
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High demand of governmental organizations
Strong influences on 5 millions people’s
livelihood and more than 1 million km venerable
ecosystems
An integrated team from various ministries and
academic institutions working together for the
IAP study
Challenges of the Study
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Methodology
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Quantitative metrologies
Need help from UNEP
Funding
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Big geographic size, more administrative levels,
more case studies,
UNEP
And others
Conclusion
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IAP has a strong demand by Chinese
authorities
Ecological migration is chosen to do IAP
The study is to provide a technical IAP
guideline for ecological migration planning
and project
Case studies are the most important bases
Thank you!!!