Transcript Innovation and Engineering Design Unit 1 Terminology By: Brian Nettleton This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. 0402616. Any.

Innovation and Engineering
Design
Unit 1
Terminology
By: Brian Nettleton
This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No.
0402616.
Any opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the
author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation (NSF).
Invention
• A new product or system, or process
that has never existed before.
Inventions are created by study or
experimentation.
Leonardo Da Vinci’s Paddle Boat
http://www.museoscienza.org/english/leonardo/
The Steam Engine
The first steam
device was invented by
Hero of Alexandria in
Greece during the 1st
century AD. It was
called the Aeopile and
was used as a novelty.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steam_power#Invention_and_Developm
ent
Patents
• Ownership rights that governments give
to inventors so they have the exclusive
right to make, use, and sell products or
processes that they invent.
Leonardo Da Vinci’s Articulating Wing
http://www.museoscienza.org/english/leonardo/
Patents
• It is unknown when, and from which
country, the idea of granting patents
was introduced. The earliest know
patent was granted to John of Utyman
in 1449 by Henry VI of England. The
patent was for a process for making
stained glass.
http://www.patent.gov.uk/patent/whatis/fivehundred/origins.htm
Leonardo Da Vinci’s Parachute
http://www.museoscienza.org/english/leonardo/
The Steam Engine
Thomas Savery, an
English military
engineer, patented
the first steam
engine in 1698.
http://inventors.about.com/library/inventors/blsteamengine.htm
The Steam Engine
In 1712, Thomas
Newcomen, with
the help of
Thomas Savery,
developed an
atmospheric steam
engine to pump
water out of mine
shafts. It was the
first practical use
of a steam engine.
http://www.bbc.co.uk/devon/discovering/famous/thomas_newcomen.sh
tml
Innovation
• An improvement of an existing
technological product, system, or
method of doing something.
Leonardo Da Vinci’s Self Propelled Car
http://www.museoscienza.org/english/leonardo/
The Steam Engine
In 1763 James Watt was given a
Newcomen engine to repair. Watt began
thinking about ways to make the steam
engine more efficient. Watt came up
with the idea of a separate condensing
chamber for the steam engine. This
enabled the engine to use 75% less fuel.
Watt continued to make innovations to
the steam engine throughout his life. He
developed the governor, the manometer
(used to measure steam pressure),
crankshaft, and the rotary engine (which
replaced water power in the textile mills.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Watt_steam_engine
Discovery
• The disclosure of that which was
previously unknown.
Leonardo Da Vinci’s Revolving Crane
http://www.museoscienza.org/english/leonardo/
Steam Engine
The discovery of nuclear
fission led to the
development of nuclear
power. Reactors heat
water that turns to
steam. The steam turns
turbine generators that
power ships, submarines,
and homes.
http://www.howstuffworks.com/nuclear-power.htm
Creativity
• A mental process involving the
generation of new ideas or concepts, or
new associations between existing ideas
or concepts.
Leonardo Da Vinci’s Diving Suit
http://www.museoscienza.org/english/leonar
do/
Trademarks
• A distinctive sign of some kind which
is used by a business to identify itself
and its products or services to
consumers, and to set the business
and its products or services apart
from those of other businesses.
Leonardo Da vinci’s Aerial Screw
http://www.museoscienza.org/english/leonardo/
Trademarks
These are some of
the most popular
Trademarks for
petroleum products.
Copyrights
• A copyright is a set of exclusive rights
granted by government for a limited
time to protect the particular form, way
or manner in which an idea or
information is expressed.
Leonardo Da Vinci’s Machine for Digging Trenches
http://www.museoscienza.org/english/leonardo/
Copyrights
Along with
manufactured goods
and process, things
like books, music and
movies are
copyrighted. This
ensures that the
proper people
receive payment for
their work.
Standards and Benchmarks
•Standard 3:Students will develop an understanding of the relationships among technologies and the connections
between technology and other fields of study.
o [3.D] Technological systems often interact with one another.
o [3.F] A product, system, or environment developed for one setting may be applied to another setting.
•Standard 7:Students will develop an understanding of the influence of technology on history.
o [7.C] Many inventions and innovations have evolved by using slow and methodical processes of tests and
refinements.
•Standard 10:Students will develop an understanding of the role of troubleshooting, research and development,
invention and innovation, and experimentation in problem solving.
o [10.G] Invention is a process of turning ideas and imagination into devices and systems. Innovation is the process of
modifying an existing product or system to improve it.