Transcript Lab Activity 11: Group II Muscles Martini Chapter 11 Portland Community College BI 231

Lab Activity 11: Group II
Muscles
Martini Chapter 11
Portland Community College
BI 231
Pronator Teres
• Action: Pronates and
flexes forearm
• Origin: Medial
epicondyle of
humerus; coronoid
process of ulna
• Insertion: Lateral
surface of radius
Anterior, Superficial Layer
2
Flexor Carpi Radialis
• Action: Flexes wrist
and elbow and
abducts wrist
• Origin: Medial
epicondyle of
humerus
• Insertion: Base of
metacarpal of the
second digit
Anterior, Superficial Layer
3
Palmaris Longus
• Action: Weak flexion
of wrist, tenses skin
of palm
• Origin: Medial
epicondyle of
humerus
• Insertion: Flexor
retinaculum; palmar
aponeurosis
Anterior, Superficial Layer
4
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
• Action: Flexes and
adducts wrist
• Origin: Medial
epicondyle of
humerus; olecranon
process of ulna
• Insertion: medial
carpal bones;
metacarpal of 5th digit
•
Anterior, Superficial Layer
5
Flexor Digitorum
Superficialis
• Action: Flexes fingers and
wrist
• Origin: Medial epicondyle
of humerus; coronoid
process of ulna; anterior
surface of radius
• Insertion: Middle
phalanges of medial 4
digits
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Anterior, Middle Layer
Flexor digitorum profundus
• Action: Flexion of
wrist and fingers
• Origin: Medial and
anterior surfaces of
ulna; interosseous
membrane
• Insertion: Distal
phalanges of fingers
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Flexor Pollicis Longus
• Action: Flexes thumb and
wrist
• Origin: Middle half of
radius; interosseous
membrane, coronoid
process of ulna
• Insertion: Distal phalanx
of thumb
8
Anterior, Deepest Layer
Brachioradialis
• Action: Flexes
forearm
• Origin: Lateral
supracondylar ridge
• Insertion: Lateral
surface of distal
radius
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Posterior, Superficial Layer
Extensor Carpi
Radialis Longus
• Action: Extends and
abducts hand
• Origin: Lateral
supracondylar ridge
of humerus
• Insertion: Second
metacarpal
10
Posterior, Superficial Layer
Extensor Carpi
Radialis Brevis
• Action: Extends and
abducts hand
• Origin: Lateral
epicondyle of
humerus
• Insertion: Third meta
carpal
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Posterior, Superficial Layer
Extensor Digitorum
• Action: Extends
fingers and hand
• Origin: Lateral
epicondyle of
humerus
• Insertion: Extensor
expansions of medial
four digits
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Posterior, Superficial Layer
Extensor Digiti Minimi
• Action: Extends 5th digit
and hand
• Origin: Lateral
epicondyle of humerus
• Insertion: Extensor
expansion of the fifth digit
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Posterior, Middle Layer
Extensor Carpi
Ulnaris
• Action: Extends and
adducts hand
• Origin: Lateral
epicondyle of
humerus; posterior
surface of ulna
• Insertion: Metacarpal
of the fifth digit
14
Posterior, Superficial Layer
Anconeus
• Action: Very weak
extension of the
forearm
• Origin: Lateral
epicondyle of humerus
• Insertion: Olecranon
process of ulna
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Abductor pollicis longus
• Action: Abducts and
extends thumb
• Origin: posterior
surface of ulna and
radius
• Insertion: first
metacarpal
16
Extensor Pollicis
Longus
• Action: Extends thumb
• Origin: Posterior surface of
ulna and interosseous
membrane
• Insertion: Distal phalanx of
thumb
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Posterior, Deepest Layer
Extensor Pollicis
Brevis
• Action: Extends thumb
• Origin: Posterior surface
of radius and
interosseous membrane
• Insertion: Proximal
phalanx of thumb
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Posterior, Deepest Layer
Supinator
• Action: Supinates forearm
• Origin: Lateral epicondyle
of humerus; proximal ulna
• Insertion: Posterior, lateral
and anterior surfaces of
proximal radius
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Posterior, Deepest Layer
Abductor pollicis brevis
• Action: Abducts
thumb and aids in
flexion
• Origin: scaphoid and
trapezium
• Insertion: Proximal
phalanx of thumb
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Flexor pollicis brevis
• Action- flexes thumb
• Origin- Trapezium
• Insertion: Proximal
phalanx of thumb
21
Flexor digiti minimi
• Action: Flexes fifth
digit
• Origin: hook of
hamate
• Insertion: proximal
phalanx of fifth digit
22
Abductor digiti minimi
• Action: Abducts fifth
digit
• Origin: Pisiform and
tendon of flexor carpi
ulnaris
• Insertion: Proximal
phalanx of fifth digit
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MUSCLES OF DEEP BACK
AND GLUTEAL REGION
Gluteus Maximus
• Action: Principal
extensor and lateral
rotator of femur
• Origin: Lateral surface
of ilium; dorsal
surface of scrum and
coccyx
• Insertion: iliotibial
tract; gluteal
tuberosity of femur
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Gluteus Medius
• Action: Abduction
and medial rotation of
femur
• Origin: Lateral
surface of ilium
• Insertion: Greater
trochanter of femur,
lateral surface
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Piriformis
• Action- laterally
rotates thigh at
hip joint, abducts
thigh
• Origin: Anterior
surface of sacrum
• Insertion: Greater
trochanter of
femur superior
surface
27
Quadratus Femoris
• Action: Rotates thigh
laterally
• Origin: Ischial tuberosity
• Insertion: Greater
trochanter of femur
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Psoas Major
• Action: flexion of the
thigh
• Origin: Transverse
processes of bodies of
lumbar vertebrae
• Insertion: Lesser
trochanter of femur
with iliacus
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Iliacus
• Action: Flexes thigh
and laterally rotates
femur
• Origin: Iliac fossa and
lateral margin of
scrum
• Insertion: Lesser
trochanter of femur
with psoas major
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ANTERIOR COMPARTMENT
OF THE THIGH
Sartorius
• Action: Flexes both
femur and tibia
• Origin: Anterior
superior iliac spine
• Insertion: Medial
margin of tibial
tuberosity
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Rectus Femoris
• Action: Extends tibia
and flexes femur
• Origin: Anterior
inferior iliac spine
and upper margin of
acetabulum
• Insertion: Tibial
tuberosity
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Vastus Lateralis
• Action: Extension of leg
• Origin: Intertrochanteric
line and linea aspera of
femur
• Insertion: Tibial
tuberosity
34
Vastus Medialis
• Action: Extends tibia
• Origin: Intertrochanteric
line and linea aspera of
femur
• Insertion: Tibial
tuberosity
•
35
Vastus Intermedius
• Action: Extends tibia
• Origin: Upper shaft of
femur
• Insertion: Tibial
tuberosity
36
Tensor Fasciae Latae
• Action: Flexes thigh,
stabilizes knee
• Origin: Iliac crest
• Insertion: iliotibial tract
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Medial thigh muscles
Pectineus
• Action: Adduction and
flexion of thigh
• Origin: Superior
ramus of pubis
• Insertion: Just inferior
to the lesser trochanter
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Adductor Longus
• Action: Adducts,
flexes & medially
rotates femur
• Origin: Between pubic
rami near symphysis
• Insertion: Middle third
of linea aspera
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Adductor Magnus
• Action: adduction and
flexion of thigh
• Origin: Pubic arch
and ischial tuberosity
• Insertion: Linea
aspera and adductor
tubercle
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Gracilis
• Action: Adducts,
flexes, medially
rotates tibia
• Origin: Inferior pubis
near symphysis
• Insertion: Upper
portion of tibia
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Posterior thigh muscles
Semitendinosus
• Action: Extends femur
and flexes leg
• Origin: Ischial tuberosity
• Insertion: Medial condyle
of tibia
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Semimembranosus
• Action: Extends femur
and flexes leg
• Origin: Ischial tuberosity
• Insertion: Medial
condyle of tibia
•
45
Biceps Femoris
• Action: Extends femur
and flexes leg
• Origin: Long headischial tuberosity
• Short head- lateral
supracondylar ridge of
femur
• Insertion: Head of fibula
and lateral condyle of
tibia
Long
Head
Short
Head
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ANTERIOR COMPARTMENT
OF THE LEG
Tibialis Anterior
• Action: Dorsiflexes and
inverts foot
• Origin: Upper half of
tibia and interosseous
membrane
• Insertion: Base of first
cuneiform and first
metatarsal
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Extensor Digitorum Longus
Tendon
• Action: Dorsiflexes foot
and extends toes
• Origin: Tibia, proximal
¾ of fibula &
interosseous membrane
• Insertion: Tendons of
middle & terminal
phalanges of 4 lateral
toes by extensor
expansion
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Extensor Hallucis Longus
• Action: Dorsiflexes foot
and extends great toe
• Origin: Middle half of
fibula and interosseous
membrane
• Insertion: Distal phalanx
of great toe
Tendon
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LATERAL COMPARTMENT
OF THE LEG
Fibularis Longus
• Action: Plantar flexes
and eversion of foot
• Origin: Upper 2/3rds
of fibula and
intermuscular septa
• Insertion: Plantar base
of first metatarsal and
first cuneiform
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Fibularis Brevis
• Action: Eversion of
foot
• Origin: Lateral
surface of fibula
• Insertion: Fifth
metatarsal
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Extensor Digitorum brevis
• Action: Extends toes
• Origin: Dorsal surface
of calcaneus
• Insertion: four tendons
into extensor
expansion
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Extensor hallucis brevis
• Action: Extends big
toe
• Origin: Medial surface
of calcaneus
• Insertion: proximal
phalanx of great toe
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POSTERIOR
COMPARTMENT
OF THE THIGH
Superficial Group
Gastrocnemius
• Action: plantar flexion of
foot; flexion of the leg
• Origin: Lateral head:
lateral condyle of femur
• Medial head: popliteal
surface of femur
• Insertion: Calcaneus
Superficial
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Soleus
• Action: Plantar flexion of
foot;
• Origin: Head of fibula;
posterior surface of fibula;
medial aspect of tibia
• Insertion: Calcaneus by the
calcaneal (Achilles) tendon
Second
Layer
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Plantaris
• Action: Assists in plantar
flexion of foot and flexion
of leg
• Origin: Lateral
supracondylar line of
femur
• Insertion: Calcaneus
Second
Layer
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Deep group
Popliteus
• Action: Flexes and unlocks
knee joint
• Origin: Lateral condyle of
femur; lateral meniscus in
knee joint
• Insertion: Posterior surface
of tibia
Second
Layer
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Flexor Digitorum
Longus
• Action: plantar flexion of
foot; flexion of toes
• Origin: Posterior surface of
tibia
• Insertion: Distal phalanges of
digits 2-5
Third
Layer
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Flexor Hallucis
Longus
• Action: plantar flexion of
foot; flexion of great toe
• Origin: Posterior surface of
fibula; interosseous
membrane
• Insertion: Distal phalanx of
great toe
Third
Layer
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Tibialis Posterior
• Action: Plantar flexion and
inversion of foot
• Origin: Posterior surfaces of
tibia and fibula; interosseous
membrane
• Insertion: Navicular, cuboid,
and cuneiform bones; second
third and fourth metatarsals
Third
Layer
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Abductor hallucis
• Action: Abducts and
flexes great toe
• Origin: Calcaneus and
plantar aponeurosis
• Insertion: Proximal
phalanx of great toe
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Flexor digitorum brevis
• Action: Flexes lateral
four toes
• Origin: Tuberosity of
calcaneus
• Insertion: Middle
phalanges of digits 2-5
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Abductor digiti minimi
• Action: Abducts 5th
toe
• Origin: tuberosity of
calcaneus
• Insertion: by four
tendons into middle
phalanx of lateral four
toes
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Flexor hallucis brevis
• Action: Flexes big toe
• Origin: Cuboid and
lateral cuneiform
bones
• Insertion: Proximal
phalanx of great toe
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Flexor digiti minimi brevis
• Action: Flexes small
toe
• Origin: Base of 5th
metatarsal
• Insertion: Base of
proximal 5th phalanx
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The End
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