• RED SLIDE: These are notes that are very important and should be recorded in your science journal. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P.

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Transcript • RED SLIDE: These are notes that are very important and should be recorded in your science journal. Copyright © 2010 Ryan P.

• RED SLIDE: These are notes that are very
important and should be recorded in your
science journal.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
-Please make notes legible and use indentations
when appropriate.
-Example of indent.
-Skip a line between topics
-Don’t skip pages
-Make visuals clear and well drawn.
• RED SLIDE: These are notes that are very
important and should be recorded in your
science journal.
• BLACK SLIDE: Pay attention, follow
directions, complete projects as described
and answer required questions neatly.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Keep an eye out for “The-Owl” and raise
your hand as soon as you see him.
– He will be hiding somewhere in the slideshow
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Keep an eye out for “The-Owl” and raise
your hand as soon as you see him.
– He will be hiding somewhere in the slideshow
“Hoot, Hoot”
“Good Luck!”
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

New Area of Focus: Animalia
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Domains and Kingdoms
Domain
Bacteria
Archaea
Kingdom
Bacteria
Archaea
Protista
Plantae
Fungi
Animalia
(No
nucleus)
Prokaryotic
(No
nucleus)
Eukaryotic
(Nucleus)
Eukaryotic
(Nucleus)
Eukaryotic
(Nucleus)
Eukaryotic
(Nucleus)
Single or
MultiCellular
Single
(Unicellular)
Single
(Unicellular)
Single
(Unicellular)
Multicellular
Multicellular
Multicellular
Gets
Energy
from..
Varies
Varies
Varies
Sunlight
Absorbs
Consumes
Food
Heterotrophs
Cell Type Prokaryotic
• Domains and Kingdoms
Domain
Bacteria
Archaea
Kingdom
Bacteria
Archaea
Protista
Plantae
Fungi
Animalia
(No
nucleus)
Prokaryotic
(No
nucleus)
Eukaryotic
(Nucleus)
Eukaryotic
(Nucleus)
Eukaryotic
(Nucleus)
Eukaryotic
(Nucleus)
Single or
MultiCellular
Single
(Unicellular)
Single
(Unicellular)
Single
(Unicellular)
Multicellular
Multicellular
Multicellular
Gets
Energy
from..
Varies
Varies
Varies
Sunlight
Absorbs
Consumes
Food
Heterotrophs
Cell Type Prokaryotic
\
\
\
\
\
\
\
\
\
\

Characteristics of Animalia.
-
Learn more about the characteristics of animals at…
http://animals.about.com/od/animal-facts/a/animalcharacteristics.htm
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

No cell walls.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Animals have a period of embryonic
development.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Animals have a period of embryonic
development.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Animals have Diplontic life cycle.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Animals have Diplontic life cycle.
 Genetic
information can come from a mother
and father. (Many species)
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Fertilization: The joining of the egg and the
sperm.
– The sperm and egg contain genetic information
that will allow this one cell to multiply into
trillions.
Copyright
© 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Animals eat food.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Animals eat food.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Animals move.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Animals move.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Animals have muscle tissue.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Animals have muscle tissue.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Animals have nervous tissues.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Animals Available Sheet.
• Animals Available Sheet.
• Asexual reproduction: A mode of
reproduction by which offspring arise from a
single parent.
• Asexual reproduction: A mode of
reproduction by which offspring arise from a
single parent.
– The offspring inherit the genes of that parent
only, it’s reproduction which does not involve
meiosis or fertilization.
• A few ways animals reproduce without two
parents.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Budding: Offspring develop as a growth on
the body of the parent.
• Budding: Offspring develop as a growth on
the body of the parent.
Offspring
• Fragmentation: As certain tiny worms grow
to full size, they spontaneously break up
into 8 or 9 pieces.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Fragmentation: As certain tiny worms grow
to full size, they spontaneously break up
into 8 or 9 pieces. Each of these fragments
develops into a mature worm, and the
process is repeated.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Fragmentation: As certain tiny worms grow
to full size, they spontaneously break up
into 8 or 9 pieces. Each of these fragments
develops into a mature worm, and the
process is repeated.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Fragmentation: As certain tiny worms grow
to full size, they spontaneously break up
into 8 or 9 pieces. Each of these fragments
develops into a mature worm, and the
process is repeated.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Fragmentation: As certain tiny worms grow
to full size, they spontaneously break up
into 8 or 9 pieces. Each of these fragments
develops into a mature worm, and the
process is repeated.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Many Echinoderms can shed a arm “comet” that can
regrow the disc and further arms.
Taxonomy and Classification Unit Link

Animals have three types of symmetry.
-
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Bilateral symmetry.
 Same
on both sides.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Bilateral symmetry.
 Same
on both sides.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Radial Symmetry.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Radial Symmetry.
 Arranged
equally in all directions from a
central point.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Asymmetrical.
 Having
no symmetry.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Short article about animal symmetry at…
http://www.decodedscience.com/animal-body-planssymmetry-in-action/13171
• Quiz 1-10 Name the type of symmetry
• “Let’s do it with symbols”
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Quiz 1-10 Name the type of symmetry
• “Let’s do it with symbols”
– One finger “Index Please!” (Bilateral)
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Quiz 1-10 Name the type of symmetry
• “Let’s do it with symbols”
– One finger “Index Please!” (Bilateral)
– All five fingers (Radial)
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Quiz 1-10 Name the type of symmetry
• “Let’s do it with symbols”
– One finger “Index Please!” (Bilateral)
– All five fingers (Radial)
– Just a fist (asymmetrical)
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Taxonomy and Classification Unit Link
• You should be close to the bottom of page
9 in your bundled homework.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• You should be close to the bottom of page
9 in your bundled homework.
Name the type of
symmetry
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• You should be close to the bottom of page
9 in your bundled homework.
Name the type of
symmetry
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• You should be close to the bottom of page
9 in your bundled homework.
Name the type of
symmetry
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• You should be close to the bottom of page
9 in your bundled homework.
Name the type of
symmetry
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

New Area of Focus: Learning the Phylums
and Animalia.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

New Area of Focus: Learning the Phylums
and Animalia.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

New Area of Focus: Learning the Phylums
and Animalia.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

New Area of Focus: Learning the Phylums
and Animalia.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

New Area of Focus: Learning the Phylums
and Animalia.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

New Area of Focus: Learning the Phylums
and Animalia.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

New Area of Focus: Learning the Phylums
and Animalia.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

New Area of Focus: Learning the Phylums
and Animalia.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

New Area of Focus: Learning the Phylums
and Animalia.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

New Area of Focus: Learning the Phylums
and Animalia.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

New Area of Focus: Learning the Phylums
and Animalia.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Goal, you can look at most any animal on
the planet and be able to identify it to the
phylum.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Goal, you can look at most any animal on
the planet and be able to identify it to the
phylum.
– Instead of…”Oh, a worm thing with eyes.”
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Goal, you can look at most any animal on
the planet and be able to identify it to the
phylum.
– Instead of…”Oh, a worm thing with eyes.”
– “This is a member of the Kingdom Animalia in
the phylum Platyhelminthes commonly called
a flatworm.”
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Important Note! This activity will be your best
resource for the difficult graded recitation at
the end of this unit.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Animals Available Sheet.
Chordata
Record
four large
circles in
journal.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Chordata
Arthropoda
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Chordata
Arthropoda
Mollusca
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Chordata
Arthropoda
Mollusca
Porifera
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Animals Available Sheet.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Echinodermata
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Echinodermata
Nematoda
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Echinodermata
Nematoda
Annelida
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Echinodermata
Nematoda
Annelida
Platyhelminthes
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Echinodermata
Nematoda
Cnidaria
Annelida
Platyhelminthes
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Echinodermata
Nematoda
Cnidaria
Annelida
Platyhelminthes
Rotifera
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Activity! Visiting stations with different
Phylums of Animalia.
Note: Teacher may
have you look at
specimen jars. Do not
open containers. They
are filled with ethyl
alcohol to preserve
specimens. Please
handle with care as
they are made of
glass.
Caution: Possibly
Flammable.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Activity! Visiting stations with different
Phylums of Animalia.
– Label the top of each Petri-dish with the
Phylums name.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Activity! Visiting stations with different
Phylums of Animalia.
– Label the top of each Petri-dish with the
Phylums name.
– As a group, carefully visit the front of the room
and collect a Phylum tray with info packet.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Activity! Visiting stations with different
Phylums of Animalia.
– Label the top of each Petri-dish with the
Phylums name.
– As a group, carefully visit the front of the room
and collect a Phylum tray with info packet.
– Sketch a few organisms within each phylum into
the circles.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Activity! Visiting stations with different
Phylums of Animalia.
– Label the top of each Petri-dish with the
Phylums name.
– As a group, carefully visit the front of the room
and collect a Phylum tray with info packet.
– Sketch a few organisms within each phylum into
the circles.
– Read some information about each and include
in or around circles.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Activity! Visiting stations with different
Phylums of Animalia.
– Label the top of each Petri-dish with the
Phylums name.
– As a group, carefully visit the front of the room
and collect a Phylum tray with info packet.
– Sketch a few organisms within each phylum into
the circles.
– Read some information about each and include
in or around circles.
– Record the type of symmetry.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Activity! Visiting stations with different
Phylums of Animalia.
– Label the top of each Petri-dish with the
Phylums name.
– As a group, carefully visit the front of the room
and collect a Phylum tray with info packet.
– Sketch a few organisms within each phylum into
the circles.
– Read some information about each and include
in or around circles.
– Record the type of symmetry.
– Return tray with info packets neatly to the front.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Animals Available Sheet.
Chordata
Arthropoda
Mollusca
Porifera
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Chordata
Arthropoda
Mollusca
Porifera
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Chordata
Arthropoda
Mollusca
Porifera
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Chordata
Arthropoda
Mollusca
Porifera
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Chordata
Arthropoda
Mollusca
Porifera
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Chordata
Arthropoda
Mollusca
Porifera
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Chordata
Arthropoda
Mollusca
Porifera
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Chordata
Arthropoda
Mollusca
Porifera
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Chordata
Arthropoda
Mollusca
Porifera
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Chordata
Arthropoda
Mollusca
Porifera
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Chordata
Arthropoda
Mollusca
Porifera
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Taxonomy and Classification Unit Link
• Metazoan animals: They are multicellular,
mitochondrial eukaryotes with differentiated
tissues, including nerves and muscles.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Metazoan animals: They are multicellular,
mitochondrial eukaryotes with differentiated
tissues, including nerves and muscles.
– They evolved from the protists approximately
700 million years ago.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Metazoan animals: They are multicellular,
mitochondrial eukaryotes with differentiated
tissues, including nerves and muscles.
– They evolved from the protists approximately
700 million years ago.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Phylum Porifera – Sponges
-

Phylum Porifera – Sponges
 Asymmetrical.

Phylum Porifera – Sponges
 Asymmetrical.

Phylum Porifera – Sponges
 Asymmetrical.
• Video! Sea Sponge filter feeding.
– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T7E1rq7zHLc
Learn more about Porifera / sponges at…
http://www.enchantedlearning.com/subjects/invertebrates/sponge/
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Echinodermata
Nematoda
Cnidaria
Coral
Annelida
Anemone
Platyhelminthes
Rotifera
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Ctenophora
Echinodermata
Nematoda
Cnidaria
Coral
Annelida
Anemone
Platyhelminthes
Rotifera
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Phylum Cnidaria – Stinging cells.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Phylum Cnidaria – Stinging cells.
 Silent
C (ni dérree ən).
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Phylum Cnidaria – Stinging cells.
 Silent
C (ni dérree ən).
 Radial symmetry.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Phylum Cnidaria – Stinging cells.
 Silent
C (ni dérree ən).
 Radial symmetry.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Jellies don’t have a brain, central nervous
system, circulatory system, respiratory
system, excretory system, and they have an
incomplete digestive system.
Jellies don’t have a brain, central nervous
system, circulatory system, respiratory
system, excretory system, and they have an
incomplete digestive system.
Taxonomy and Classification Unit Link
• Which is a…
– Coral (Anthozoa)
– Box Jelly (Cuboza)
– Hydra (Hydrozoa)
– True Jelly (Scyphozoa)
• Which is a…
– Coral (Anthozoa)
– Box Jelly (Cuboza)
– Hydra (Hydrozoa)
– True Jelly (Scyphozoa)
• Which is a…
– Coral (Anthozoa)
– Box Jelly (Cuboza)
– Hydra (Hydrozoa)
– True Jelly (Scyphozoa)
True
• Which is a…
– Coral (Anthozoa)
– Box Jelly (Cuboza)
– Hydra (Hydrozoa)
– True Jelly (Scyphozoa)
True
• Which is a…
– Coral (Anthozoa)
– Box Jelly (Cuboza)
– Hydra (Hydrozoa)
– True Jelly (Scyphozoa)
True
Box
• Which is a…
– Coral (Anthozoa)
– Box Jelly (Cuboza)
– Hydra (Hydrozoa)
– True Jelly (Scyphozoa)
True
Box
• Which is a…
– Coral (Anthozoa)
– Box Jelly (Cuboza)
– Hydra (Hydrozoa)
– True Jelly (Scyphozoa)
True
Box
Coral
Taxonomy and Classification Unit Link
• Video Link. Cnidaria and Ctenophora
– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3HzFiQFF
QYw
• Video Link! Jellies of North America.
– More entertaining, less Taxonomic.
– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cc8JT4A7Sp4
Ctenophora
Echinodermata
Nematoda
Cnidaria
Coral
Annelida
Anemone
Platyhelminthes
Rotifera
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Comb Jellies belong to a different Phylum
called Ctenophora.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Comb Jellies belong to a different Phylum
called Ctenophora.
– They are shaped differently and have cilia to
propel themselves.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Note – Not all of the Phylums of Animalia
were covered.
– Much of the “more common” life on Earth will
fall into one of the Phyla we covered.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Example: Hemichordata (Acorn worms)
– The are not true chordates.
– Learn more about Hemichodata at..
– http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/chordata/hemicho
rdata.html
• Example: Hemichordata (Acorn worms)
– The are not true chordates.
– Learn more about Hemichodata at..
– http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/chordata/hemicho
rdata.html
• Example: Hemichordata (Acorn worms)
– The are not true chordates.
– Learn more about Hemichodata at..
– http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/chordata/hemicho
rdata.html
• Which one is Hemichordata (Acorn worms)
and which is a plate of hot dogs?
• Which one is Hemichordata (Acorn worms)
and which is a plate of hot dogs?
• Which one is Hemichordata (Acorn worms)
and which is a plate of hot dogs?
• Which one is Hemichordata (Acorn worms)
and which is a plate of hot dogs?
Echinodermata
Nematoda
Annelida
Platyhelminthes
Rotifera
Earthworm
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Hemichordata
Echinodermata
Nematoda
Annelida
Platyhelminthes
Rotifera
Earthworm
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Animals Available Sheet.
Echinodermata
Nematoda
Cnidaria
Annelida
Platyhelminthes
Rotifera
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• There are three types of worms
– Flatworms
– Roundworms
– Segmented worms
Taxonomy and Classification Unit Link
• Flatworms (Platyhelminthes) eat and
release waste from the same opening.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Flatworms (Platyhelminthes) eat and
release waste from the same opening.
Learn more about the Phylum Platyhelminthes at…
http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Platy
helminthes/
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Echinodermata
Nematoda
Cnidaria
Annelida
Platyhelminthes
Rotifera
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Also for the flatworm to
respire through diffusion
Echinodermata
Nematoda
Cnidaria
Annelida
Platyhelminthes
Rotifera
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Phylum Annelida
-
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Phylum Annelida
 The
segmented worms.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• There are three types of worms
– Flatworms
– Roundworms?
– Segmented
worms
ented wor
Taxonomy and Classification Unit Link
• Video Link! Leeches NOVA podcast
– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cKUAroimQrk
Learn more about Annelida at…
http://www.earthlife.net/inverts/annelida.html
Echinodermata
Cnidaria
Put any new
information
in circles
Nematoda
Annelida
Platyhelminthes
Rotifera
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Chordata
Arthropoda
Mollusca
Porifera
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Animals Available Sheet.
• The Lophotrochozoa comprise one of the
major groups within the animal kingdom.
– Mollusks and worms
– Belongs to a larger group within the Animalia
called the Bilateria, because they are bilaterally
symmetrical with a left and a right side to their
bodies.
• The Lophotrochozoa comprise one of the
major groups within the animal kingdom.
– Mollusks and worms
– Belongs to a larger group within the Animalia
called the Bilateria, because they are bilaterally
symmetrical with a left and a right side to their
bodies.

Phylum Mollusca
-
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Phylum Mollusca
 Soft
bodies and some have shells.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Octopus and Squid are also Mollusks.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Octopus and Squid are also Mollusks.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Octopus and Squid are also Mollusks.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Octopus and Squid are also Mollusks.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Taxonomy and Classification Unit Link
• Which picture below is in the Phylum
Mollusca, and which is in the Phylum
Echinodermata?
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Phylum Echinodermata
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Phylum Echinodermata
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Phylum Echinodermata
Phylum Molluska
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Phylum Echinodermata
Phylum Molluska
Learn more about Echinodermata at…
http://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/accounts/Echinoder
mata/
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Video Link! Sea Urchins (Echinoderms) and
Kelp Forest (Brown Algae) - Optional
– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D3W4OCnHyC
s&list=PL039D68B8965C2AA0
• Are we related to this echinoderm?
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Echinoderms and humans are both in
Deuterostomia which comprise one of the
major groups within the animal kingdom.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Echinoderms and humans are both in
Deuterostomia which comprise one of the
major groups within the animal kingdom.
– We are both bilateral in our symmetry
• Echinoderms begin life bilateral and then switch to
radial symmetry.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Taxonomy and Classification Unit Link

Phylum Arthropoda
-
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Phylum Arthropoda
 Segmented
joints,
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Phylum Arthropoda
 Segmented
joints,
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Phylum Arthropoda
 Segmented
joints, exoskeleton,
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Phylum Arthropoda
 Segmented
joints, exoskeleton,
“exo”
means on
the outside.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Phylum Arthropoda
 Segmented
joints, exoskeleton,
Bilateral symmetry
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Statistics vary, but millions and millions of
Arthropod species exist.
– They outnumber all other phylums of animals
combined.
– The Class Insecta represents 75-90% of all
known species.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Statistics vary, but millions and millions of
Arthropod species exist.
– They outnumber all other phylums of animals
combined.
– The Class Insecta represents 75-90% of all
known species.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Statistics vary, but millions and millions of
Arthropod species exist.
– They outnumber all other phylums of animals
combined.
– The Class Insecta alone represents 75-90% of all
known animal species.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Insects are believed by many scientists to
be the most successful organisms on the
planet.
• Which is a reason why insects are some of the
most successful species on the planet?
A.) They have been around for the last 400 millions
years.
B.) They survive in every environment on Earth.
• Can survive extreme heat and drought.
C.) They can multiply rapidly laying thousands of eggs.
D.) They work all day in complex groups such as ants
(without complaining).
E.) 8 out of every 10 species on Earth is an insect.
F.) All of the above.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Which is a reason why insects are some of the
most successful species on the planet?
A.) They have been around for the last 400 million
years.
B.) They survive in every environment on Earth.
• Can survive extreme heat and drought.
C.) They can multiply rapidly laying thousands of eggs.
D.) They work all day in complex groups such as ants
(without complaining).
E.) 8 out of every 10 species on Earth is an insect.
F.) All of the above.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Which is a reason why insects are some of the
most successful species on the planet?
A.) They have been around for the last 400 million
years.
B.) They survive in every environment on Earth.
• Can survive extreme heat and drought.
C.) They can multiply rapidly laying thousands of eggs.
D.) They work all day in complex groups such as ants
(without complaining).
E.) 8 out of every 10 species on Earth is an insect.
F.) All of the above.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Which is a reason why insects are some of the
most successful species on the planet?
A.) They have been around for the last 400 million
years.
B.) They survive in every environment on Earth.
• Can survive extreme heat and drought.
C.) They can multiply rapidly laying thousands of eggs.
D.) They work all day in complex groups such as ants
(without complaining).
E.) 8 out of every 10 species on Earth is an insect.
F.) All of the above.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Which is a reason why insects are some of the
most successful species on the planet?
A.) They have been around for the last 400 million
years.
B.) They survive in every environment on Earth.
• Can survive extreme heat and drought.
C.) They can multiply rapidly laying thousands of eggs.
D.) They work all day in complex groups such as ants
(without complaining).
E.) 8 out of every 10 species on Earth is an insect.
F.) All of the above.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Which is a reason why insects are some of the
most successful species on the planet?
A.) They have been around for the last 400 million
years.
B.) They survive in every environment on Earth.
• Can survive extreme heat and drought.
C.) They can multiply rapidly laying thousands of eggs.
D.) They work all day in complex groups such as ants
(without complaining).
E.) 8 out of every 10 species on Earth is an insect.
F.) All of the above.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Which is a reason why insects are some of the
most successful species on the planet?
A.) They have been around for the last 400 million
years.
B.) They survive in every environment on Earth.
• Can survive extreme heat and drought.
C.) They can multiply rapidly laying thousands of eggs.
D.) They work all day in complex groups such as ants
(without complaining).
E.) 8 out of every 10 species on Earth is an insect.
F.) All of the above.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Which is a reason why insects are some of the
most successful species on the planet?
A.) They have been around for the last 400 million
years.
B.) They survive in every environment on Earth.
• Can survive extreme heat and drought.
C.) They can multiply rapidly laying thousands of eggs.
D.) They work all day in complex groups such as ants
(without complaining).
E.) 8 out of every 10 species on Earth is an insect.
F.) All of the above.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Largest Insect (Some Debate)
– The Weta Bug (Deinacrida carinata)
• Arthropods are some of the smallest
members of the Kingdom Animalia.
– Such as this member of the family Eriophyid
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• The Classes of the Phylum Arthropoda.
– Insecta
– Crustacea
– Arachnida
– Chilopoda
– Diplopoda
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• The Classes of the Phylum Arthropoda.
– Insecta
– Crustacea
– Arachnida
– Chilopoda
– Diplopoda
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• The Classes of the Phylum Arthropoda.
– Insecta
– Crustacea
– Arachnida
– Chilopoda
– Diplopoda
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• The Classes of the Phylum Arthropoda.
– Insecta
– Crustacea
– Arachnida
– Chilopoda
– Diplopoda
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• The Classes of the Phylum Arthropoda.
– Insecta
– Crustacea
– Arachnida
– Chilopoda
– Diplopoda
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• The Classes of the Phylum Arthropoda.
– Insecta
– Crustacea
– Arachnida
– Chilopoda
– Diplopoda
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• The Classes of the Phylum Arthropoda.
– Insecta
– Crustacea
– Arachnida
– Chilopoda
– Diplopoda
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• The Classes of the Phylum Arthropoda.
– Insecta
– Crustacea
– Arachnida
– Chilopoda
– Diplopoda
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• The Classes of the Phylum Arthropoda.
– Insecta
– Crustacea
– Arachnida
– Chilopoda
– Diplopoda
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• The Classes of the Phylum Arthropoda.
– Insecta
– Crustacea
– Arachnida
– Chilopoda
– Diplopoda
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• The Classes of the Phylum Arthropoda.
– Insecta
– Crustacea
– Arachnida
– Chilopoda
– Diplopoda
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• The Classes of the Phylum Arthropoda.
– Insecta
– Crustacea
– Arachnida
– Chilopoda
– Diplopoda
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• The Classes of the Phylum Arthropoda.
– Insecta
– Crustacea
– Arachnida
– Chilopoda
– Diplopoda
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Taxonomy and Classification Unit Link
• Which specimen below is not in the Class
Insecta?
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Answer- Tick, It has 8 legs and two body
parts, no antennae, no wings - Arachnida
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• The exoskeleton is made of chitin.
– Exoskeleton means the skeleton is on the
outside.
• The exoskeleton is made of chitin.
– Exoskeleton means the skeleton is on the
outside.
• The exoskeleton is made of chitin.
– Exoskeleton means the skeleton is on the
outside.
• The exoskeleton is made of chitin.
– Exoskeleton means the skeleton is on the
outside.
• The exoskeleton is made of chitin.
– Exoskeleton means the skeleton is on the
outside.
• The exoskeleton is made of chitin.
– Exoskeleton means the skeleton is on the
outside.
• The exoskeleton is made of chitin.
– Exoskeleton means the skeleton is on the
outside.
• Metamorphosis is a biological process by
which an animal physically develops after
birth or hatching, involving a relatively
abrupt change in the animal's body
structure through cell growth and
differentiation.
• Metamorphosis is a biological process by
which an animal physically develops after
birth or hatching, involving a relatively
abrupt change in the animal's body
structure through cell growth and
differentiation.
• Metamorphosis is a biological process by
which an animal physically develops after
birth or hatching, involving a relatively
abrupt change in the animal's body
structure through cell growth and
differentiation.
• Video Link! Time Lapse metamorphosis.
– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6984R3d_QUs
• Some Insects undergo gradual, or incomplete,
metamorphosis.
• Some Insects undergo gradual, or incomplete,
metamorphosis.
• Some Insects undergo gradual, or incomplete,
metamorphosis.
• Some Insects undergo gradual, or incomplete,
metamorphosis.
• Some Insects undergo gradual, or incomplete,
metamorphosis.
• Some Insects undergo gradual, or incomplete,
metamorphosis.
• Some Insects undergo gradual, or incomplete,
metamorphosis.
– The immature stages (usually called nymphs) go
through a series of molts, gradually assuming an
adult form.
Taxonomy and Classification Unit Link
• Activity! (Optional) Morphology of a
Crayfish.
• Activity! (Optional) Morphology of a
Crayfish.
• Activity! (Optional) Morphology of a
Crayfish.
• Crayfish are Crustacea that belong to the
Superfamilies Astacoidea and Parastacoidea
• Directions.
– Crayfish to be placed in clear container that can
be accessed from above.
– Be gentle and don’t mistreat the specimen.
• I would like you to participate but observing your table
group is allowed. Be proactive.
– Don’t yell or scream in this classroom.
– Follow instructions in the slideshow and use
common sense or lose your specimen.
• Crayfish have many appendages.
– Drop a “small” piece of hotdog into the opposite
corner of the tank and observe.
– What appendages are used for what purpose?
• Crayfish have many appendages.
– Drop a “small” piece of hotdog into the opposite
corner of the tank and observe.
– What appendages are used for what purpose?
• Crayfish have many appendages.
– Drop a “small” piece of hotdog into the opposite
corner of the tank and observe.
– What appendages are used for what purpose?
• The crayfish has two pincher “claws”
appendages and four walking legs
• The crayfish has two pincher “claws”
appendages and four walking legs
Note: The first set of
walking legs also has
claws.
• The crayfish has two pincher “claws”
appendages and four walking legs
Note: The first set of
walking legs also has
claws.
The back sets
just have point
• Identify the protective carapace and give it
a gentle touch.
Be gentle and it won’t bite… Not really.
• Crayfish contain an exoskeleton which means
it needs to get rid of it in order to grow in size.
This is called molting.
Be gentle and it won’t bite… Not really.
• Can you point out the Rostrum?
Taxonomy and Classification Unit Link
• They have 20 body segments broken into
two main body parts.
– Which two terms below are the two main body
parts?
• Gently pick up the crayfish holding on to the
cephalothorax like so.
• Observe the claws called chelipeds
• Can you find the mouth?
• Can you find the anus?
• Observe the swimmerets, Uropod, and
Telson.
• Please place crayfish back into the tank.
• Please place crayfish back into the tank.
Video of external features (No audio) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QnaTAyg-o5o
• Practice with before quiz.
• Practice with before quiz.
• Practice with before quiz.
• Practice with before quiz.
• Practice with before quiz.
• Practice with before quiz.
• Practice with before quiz.
• Practice with before quiz.
• Practice with before quiz.
• Practice with before quiz.
• Practice with before quiz.
• Practice with before quiz.
• Practice with before quiz.
• Practice with before quiz.
• Practice with before quiz.
• Practice with before quiz.
• Practice with before quiz.
Antennae
• Practice with before quiz.
Antennae
• Practice with before quiz.
Antennae
Antennules
• Crayfish Quiz Available Sheet
• Quiz Wiz 1-10. Name that part of the
crayfish.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Please identify the following…
Taxonomy and Classification Unit Link
• The Classes of the Phylum Arthropoda.
– Insecta
– Crustacea
– Arachnida
– Chilopoda
– Diplopoda
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• The Classes of the Phylum Arthropoda.
– Insecta
– Crustacea
– Arachnida
– Chilopoda
– Diplopoda
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Taxonomy and Classification Unit Link
• .
Student
needed to stand here
• .
Student
needed to stand here

Class Arachnida
8
legs.
 No antennae or wings.
 Two body parts.
 Head
and sensory.
 Abdomen.
 Most
live on land.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Class Arachnida
8
legs.
 No antennae or wings.
 Two body parts.
 Head
and sensory.
 Abdomen.
 Most
live on land.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Class Arachnida
8
legs.
 No antennae or wings.
 Two body parts.
 Head
and sensory.
 Abdomen.
 Most
live on land.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Class Arachnida
8
legs.
 No antennae or wings.
 Two body parts.
 Head
and sensory.
 Abdomen.
 Most
live on land.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Class Arachnida
8
legs.
 No antennae or wings.
 Two body parts.
 Head
and sensory.
 Abdomen.
 Most
live on land.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Class Arachnida
8
legs.
 No antennae or wings.
 Two body parts.
 Head
and sensory.
 Abdomen.
 Most
live on land.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Class Arachnida
8
legs.
 No antennae or wings.
 Two body parts.
 Head
and sensory.
 Abdomen.
 Most
live on land.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Class Arachnida
8
legs.
 No antennae or wings.
 Two body parts.
 Head
and sensory.
 Abdomen.
 Most
live on land.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Class Arachnida
8
legs.
 No antennae or wings.
 Two body parts.
 Head
and sensory.
 Abdomen.
 Most
live on land.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Class Arachnida
8
legs.
 No antennae or wings.
 Two body parts.
 Head
and sensory.
 Abdomen.
 Most
live on land.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Class Arachnida
8
legs.
 No antennae or wings.
 Two body parts.
 Head
and sensory.
 Abdomen.
 Most
live on land.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Class Arachnida
8
legs.
 No antennae or wings.
 Two body parts.
 Head
and sensory.
 Abdomen.
 Most
live on land.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Class Arachnida
8
legs.
 No antennae or wings.
 Two body parts.
 Head
and sensory.
 Abdomen.
 Most
live on land.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Mites are the most diverse Arachnid.
– Picture of dust mites on dust and carpet.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Spiders are the second most diverse class
of Arachnids.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• This .gif may freak you out…?
• This .gif may freak you out…?
• Some Arachnida make webs to catch their
prey.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Some Arachnida make webs to catch their
prey.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Video! Spider Web Construction
– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eb6bqIWdQao
• Top Ten Scary Looking Spiders
Taxonomy and Classification Unit Link
• Ticks and Scorpions are also Arachnids.
Learn more (lots of pictures) at…
http://animal.discovery.com/arachnids
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Pandinus imperator
• Which scorpion is the most poisonous?
• Which scorpion is the most poisonous?
• Which scorpion is the most poisonous?
• What class of Arthropoda would this
specimen belong to?
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Answer! Class: Arachnida
– Order: Pseudoscorpiones
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Video! (Optional) Really cool image of a
Pseudoscorpion.
– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2S3ATMgy270
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Which is in the Class Insecta, and which is
in the Class Arachnida? Why?
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Which is in the Class Insecta, and which is
in the Class Arachnida? Why?
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Arachnida
8 legs, 2 body parts
Insecta
6 legs, 3 body parts
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Arachnida
8 legs, 2 body parts
Insecta
6 legs, 3 body parts
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Arachnida
8 legs, 2 body parts
Insecta
6 legs, 3 body parts
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Which is in the class Insecta, and which is
in the class Crustacea? Why?
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Which is in the class Insecta, and which is
in the class Crustacea? Why?
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Insecta
6 legs, wings.
Crustacea
8+ legs, aquatic.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Insecta
6 legs, wings.
Crustacea
8+ legs, aquatic.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Insecta
6 legs, wings.
Crustacea
8+ legs, aquatic.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• What class of Arthropoda is the specimen
below?
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Answer! Class Arachnida.
– (Galeodes arabs) aka… Camel Spider
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Camel Spider – Not a true spider, related to
ticks and scorpions in an order called
Solifugae.
No venom,
they just use
their pinchers
and brute,
gory force.
Taxonomy and Classification Unit Link
• The Classes of the Phylum Arthropoda.
– Insecta
– Crustacea
– Arachnida
– Chilopoda
– Diplopoda
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• The Classes of the Phylum Arthropoda.
– Insecta
– Crustacea
– Arachnida
– Chilopoda
– Diplopoda
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• The Classes of the Phylum Arthropoda.
– Insecta
– Crustacea
– Arachnida
– Chilopoda
– Diplopoda
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• The Classes of the Phylum Arthropoda.
– Insecta
– Crustacea
– Arachnida
– Chilopoda
– Diplopoda
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• The Classes of the Phylum Arthropoda.
– Insecta
– Crustacea
– Arachnida
– Chilopoda
– Diplopoda
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• The Classes of the Phylum Arthropoda.
– Insecta
– Crustacea
– Arachnida
– Chilopoda
– Diplopoda
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• The Classes of the Phylum Arthropoda.
– Insecta
– Crustacea
– Arachnida
– Chilopoda
– Diplopoda
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• The Classes of the Phylum Arthropoda.
– Insecta
– Crustacea
– Arachnida
– Chilopoda
– Diplopoda
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Taxonomy and Classification Unit Link
• Activity! Looking for Animalia under the
microscope.
– Create a wet mount slide and use a
compound light microscope.
– Sketch and color some samples on medium
power.
– Use a Petri-dish to create a circle.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Try and identify phylum.
Record magnification.
Remember your plant-like,
animal-like, and fungi-like
protists.
Worms and crustaceans
may be the most visible.
• Video Link! Optional. Hank explains
Annelida and Arthropoda. (Segmentation)
– Arthropods begins at 6 minutes.
– Advanced and Optional. Preview for language.
– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YQb7Xq0enTI
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Animals Available Sheet.
Chordata
Arthropoda
Mollusca
Porifera
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Chordata
-
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Chordata
 Having
a backbone
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Chordata
 Having
a backbone or notocord.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Urochordata: “Sea squirts” – Has primitive
notochord
• Sea Squirt: (Urochordata)
• Sea Squirt: (Urochordata)
– In its larvae stage it has all chordate
characteristics: it has a notochord, a dorsal
nerve cord.
• Picture of Lanclet Subphylum Cephalochordata (Branchiostoma
lanceolatum)
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Picture of Lanclet Subphylum Cephalochordata (Branchiostoma
lanceolatum)
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Picture of Lanclet Subphylum Cephalochordata (Branchiostoma
lanceolatum)
They are an important organism
of study in zoology as they
provide indications about the
origins of the vertebrates.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Myxini: (Hagfish) Hagfish have three
accessory hearts, no cerebrum or cerebellum,
no jaws or stomach.
• Myxini: (Hagfish) Hagfish have three
accessory hearts, no cerebrum or cerebellum,
no jaws or stomach.
• Myxini: (Hagfish) Hagfish have three
accessory hearts, no cerebrum or cerebellum,
no jaws or stomach.
Taxonomy and Classification Unit Link
• The lobe-finned fish are thought to be the
start of the terrestrial (land) animals.
– Picture of lung fish moving across the mud.
• The lobe-finned fish are thought to be the
start of the terrestrial (land) animals.
– Picture of lung fish moving across the mud.
“What we call arms
were once legs.”
“We are tetrapods.”
• One theory suggests that land animals
developed when smaller bodies of water
periodically dried up.
• One theory suggests that land animals
developed when smaller bodies of water
periodically dried up.
– Being able to crawl from one pool to the next
aided in survival.
• One theory suggests that land animals
developed when smaller bodies of water
periodically dried up.
– Being able to crawl from one pool to the next
aided in survival.
– This ability was passed on from one
generation to the next.
• Another theory
• Another theory
– Lunged gulping fish could to avoid predation in
the aquatic habitats by climbing into the shallows
and then eventually the land.
Learn
more about lobe finned fish and tetrapod evolution at…
http://dinosaurs.about.com/od/otherprehistoriclife/a/tetrapods.htm
• Which picture below is a tetrapod?
• Which picture below is a tetrapod?
• Which picture below is a tetrapod?
• Which picture below is a tetrapod?
• Which picture below is a tetrapod?
• Which picture below is a tetrapod?
• Which picture below is a tetrapod?
• Which picture below is a tetrapod?
• Which picture below is a tetrapod?
• Which picture below is a tetrapod?
• Which picture below is a tetrapod?
• Which picture below is a tetrapod?
• Which picture below is a tetrapod?
• Which picture below is a tetrapod?
• Which picture below is a tetrapod?
• Which picture below is a tetrapod?
• What type of snake is this?
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• What type of snake is this?
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• This is not a snake, it’s a skink.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• This is not a snake, it’s a skink.
– An example of intermediate species between
lizards and snakes.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Many Pythons (snakes) have spurs (toenails)
from when they use to have legs.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Many Pythons (snakes) have spurs (toenails)
from when they use to have legs.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Many Pythons (snakes) have spurs (toenails)
from when they use to have legs.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• This is a human tailbone. This is an example
of a vestigial structure.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• This is a human tailbone. This is an example
of a vestigial structure.
– Picture on right is human embryo.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Classes of Chordata (The Big 5 Vertebrates)
 -Fish
(Basal vertebrates)
-
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
The Classes of the Phylum Chordata.
Reptilia
Aves
Amphibia
Mammalia
Agnatha
Chondrichthyes
Osteichthyes
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
The Classes of the Phylum Chordata.
Reptilia
Aves
Amphibia
Mammalia
Agnatha
Chondrichthyes
Osteichthyes
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• The Classes of the Phylum Chordata.
• Reptilia
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• The Classes of the Phylum Chordata.
• Reptilia
• Aves
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• The Classes of the Phylum Chordata.
• Reptilia
• Aves
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
•
•
•
•
The Classes of the Phylum Chordata.
Reptilia
Aves
Amphibia
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
•
•
•
•
The Classes of the Phylum Chordata.
Reptilia
Aves
Amphibia
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
•
•
•
•
•
The Classes of the Phylum Chordata.
Reptilia
Aves
Amphibia
Mammalia
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
•
•
•
•
•
The Classes of the Phylum Chordata.
Reptilia
Aves
Amphibia
Mammalia
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
•
•
•
•
•
The Classes of the Phylum Chordata.
Reptilia
Aves
Amphibia
Mammalia
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
•
•
•
•
•
The Classes of the Phylum Chordata.
Reptilia
Aves
Amphibia
Mammalia
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
•
•
•
•
•
The Classes of the Phylum Chordata.
Reptilia
Aves
Amphibia
Mammalia
Breathe with gills
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Taxonomy and Classification Unit Link

Class Reptilia (Diapsida): Have scales.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Class Reptilia (Diapsida): Have scales.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Order Squamata: Lizards, snakes and
amphisbaenids
– About 7,900 species
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Video Link! Cobra vs. Mongoose
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vdg9gk
mWsEA&feature=relmfu
• Video! Snake eating an egg.
– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LLk4rsCNFFU
– Snakes can detach their lower jaw, and the upper
jaw is not fused to their braincase, both working
together can allow a snake to eat large prey
items.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Went extinct with the Dinosaurs
• Picture of Amphisbaenids…aka “Worm
Lizards”
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Taxonomy and Classification Unit Link
• Order Crocodilla - Crocodiles, gharials,
caimans and alligators:
– 23 species
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Video Link! (Optional) Catching a Gigantic
Crocodile. (News Cast)
– http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OCD4fUOx50g
• Gharials are like alligators but have a long
thin snout.
– They are found in Northern India.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Alligator:
– Picture of The American Alligator (Alligator
mississippiensis)
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Anapsida -Turtles and tortoises:
– Approximately 300 species
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Reptiles generally lay eggs such as this
sea turtle (Dermochelys coriacea).
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Sphenodontidae: The tuatara is the only
species of sphenodontid alive today.
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The Classes of the Phylum Chordata.
Reptilia
Mammalia
Aves
Amphibia
Mammalia
Agnatha
Chondrichthyes
Chondrichthyes
Osteichthyes
Osteichthyes
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
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The Classes of the Phylum Chordata.
Reptilia
Aves
Amphibia
Osteichthyes
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Chordata
Arthropoda
Mollusca
Porifera
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Class Amphibia: Double Life – Land and
water.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Class Amphibia: Double Life – Land and
water.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Amphibia have a double life because…
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Amphibia have a double life because…
– They live in the water and then on land.
• Lose tail and grow legs.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Amphibia have a double life because…
– They live in the water and then on land.
• Lose tail and grow legs.
– They breathe with gills and then lungs.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Taxonomy and Classification Unit Link
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The Classes of the Phylum Chordata.
Reptilia
Mammalia
Aves
Amphibia
Mammalia
Agnatha
Chondrichthyes
Chondrichthyes
Osteichthyes
Osteichthyes
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• The Classes of the Phylum Chordata.
• Reptilia
• Aves
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Aves
Actinopterygi
(Lobed fish)
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Aves
Actinopterygi
(Lobed fish)
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Aves
Actinopterygi
(Lobed fish)
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Chordata
Arthropoda
Mollusca
Porifera
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Class Aves: Feathers, bills, wishbone
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Aves also have
– Lightweight bones.
– N teeth.
– Produce large eggs.
– Many can navigate well.
– Song production.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Aves also have
– Lightweight bones.
– No teeth.
– Produce large eggs.
– Many can navigate well.
– Song production.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Aves also have
– Lightweight bones.
– No teeth.
– Produce large eggs.
– Many can navigate well.
– Song production.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Aves also have
– Lightweight bones.
– No teeth.
– Produce large eggs.
– Many can navigate well.
– Song production.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Aves also have
– Lightweight bones.
– No teeth.
– Produce large eggs.
– Many can navigate well.
– Song production.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Aves also have
– Lightweight bones.
– No teeth.
– Produce large eggs.
– Many can navigate well.
– Song production.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Aves (birds) evolved from reptiles…
• Birds can be very small and fly.
• Birds can be very large and non flying.
Taxonomy and Classification Unit Link
• Superclasses for Fish
– Agnatha the jawless vertebrates.
• Superclasses for Fish
– Agnatha the jawless vertebrates.
– Gnathostomata (with jaws).
• Within these superclasses there are four classes
and two subclasses:
Superclass Agnatha
– Class Myxini - hagfish
– Class Cephalaspidomorphi - lampreys
Superclass Gnathostomata with jaws
– Class Chondrichthyes (cartilagineous fish sharks and rays)
– Class Osteichthyes (bony fish), which has
two subclasses:
• Actinopterygii (ray-finned fish)
• Sarcopterygii (lobe-finned fish)

Class Agnatha: Jawless
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Hagfish
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Lampreys
– Jawless
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
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The Classes of the Phylum Chordata.
Reptilia
Mammalia
Aves
Amphibia
Mammalia
Agnatha
Chondrichthyes
Chondrichthyes
Osteichthyes
Osteichthyes
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
•
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•
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•
•
The Classes of the Phylum Chordata.
Reptilia
Aves
Amphibia
Mammalia
Agnatha
Chondrichthyes
Chondrichthyes
Osteichthyes
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Superclass Gnathostomata with jaws
– Class Chondrichthyes (cartilagineous
fish - sharks and rays)
– Class Osteichthyes (bony fish), which
has two subclasses:
• Actinopterygii (ray-finned fish)
• Sarcopterygii (lobe-finned fish)

Class Chondrichthyes
 Cartilage
instead of bone.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Rhincodon typus
Rhincodon typus
• Video Link! The Goblin Shark. 1:35
– http://dsc.discovery.com/tv-shows/sharkweek/videos/alien-sharks-goblin-shark.htm
• Class Chondrichthyes: (Sharks, Rays, and
Skates)
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Class Chondrichthyes: (Sharks, Rays, and
Skates)
– Skeleton made of cartilage.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Class Chondrichthyes: (Sharks, Rays, and
Skates)
– Skeleton made of cartilage.
– Body covered with triangular scales.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Picture of shark scales under the
microscope.
– Notice the triangular shape.
• Fish are bony, others have cartilage.
• Which is a bony fish, and which is a cartilage
fish?
Copyright
© 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Fish are bony, others have cartilage.
• Which is a bony fish, and which is a cartilage
fish?
Copyright
© 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Answer! Sharks have cartilage for bones.
Cartilage is heavy and sharks sink unless they
constantly swim.
• Answer! Sharks have cartilage for bones.
Cartilage is heavy and sharks sink unless the
constantly swim. 95% of fish have bones.
•
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The Classes of the Phylum Chordata.
Reptilia
Mammalia
Aves
Amphibia
Mammalia
Agnatha
Chondrichthyes
Chondrichthyes
Osteichthyes
Osteichthyes
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
The Classes of the Phylum Chordata.
Reptilia
Aves
Amphibia
Mammalia
Agnatha
Chondrichthyes
Osteichthyes
Osteichthyes
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Taxonomy and Classification Unit Link

Class Mammalia:
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Class Mammalia:
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Class Mammalia: Has hair
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
“I still have a few hairs
on my chin.”
Taxonomy and Classification Unit Link
• Activity!
• Activity! Phyla Charades.
– Teacher will assign each group an animal
phylum.
– Group must act out members of the phyla in a
1 minute interpretive dance.
– The audience should at the end guess the
animal phylum acted out.
• Activity! Phyla Charades.
– Teacher will assign each group an animal
phylum.
– Group must act out members of the phyla in a
1 minute interpretive dance.
– The audience should at the end guess the
Aggh, I guess
animal phylum acted out.
this activity could
be optional.
• Activity! Phyla Charades. (9 groups)
– Teacher will assign each group an animal
phylum. (Keep it a secret from other groups)
– Group must act out members of the phyla in a 1
minute interpretive dance. 10 minutes to plan
• Symmetry, structures, aquatic vs. terrestrial, etc.
– The audience should be able to guess the
animal phylum acted out after the performance.
Ctenophora
• Interpretive Dances Background and Music.
– Groups should just go with the flow and scene
they get. This is called improvisation.
– Earth Scenes
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8Akb1t37T4E
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j8B4g4B_cPM
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dQiNVk_u0po
– Forest Music and background
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SoYUeJUqkVI
– Desert Music and background
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AvKItUaRdE&list=PL1889C9A8D61CD991
– Ocean Music and background
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JqDJzcelpIw
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SoYUeJUqkVIhttp://www.yout
ube.com/watch?v=CIdOFspIUVE
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ssutK1Gei4A
• Graded Quiz 1-33 Name the Phylum and
Class from the Kingdom Animalia.
– Owl is hiding in one box (secretly write owl)
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Animals Available Sheet.
• Practice: K=A, Phylum Arthropoda, Class
Arachnid.
• Just as a reminder, common names aren’t
worth credit but you can record so that you
can go back to.
• Earthworm = No credit.
• Annelida = Correct response.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Mollusca
Cnidaria
Mollusca
Cnidaria
Mollusca
Chordata
Cnidaria
Mollusca
Arthropoda
Chordata
Cnidaria
Mollusca
Arthropoda
Chordata
Annelida
Cnidaria
Mollusca
Arthropoda
Chordata
Annelida
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3
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5
5

6
Taxonomy and Classification Unit Link
• Answers to the Quiz 1-33. Please grade
your paper on the honor system.

3

3
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5
5


5
5
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
5
5
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6
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6
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6
• This PowerPoint is one small part of my Taxonomy and
Classification Unit. This unit includes…
• An 11 Part 8,000+ Slide PowerPoint full of engaging
activities, critical class notes, review opportunities, question,
answers, games, and much more.
• 32 Page bundled homework that chronologically follows the
slideshow for nightly review. Modified version provided as
well as answer keys.
• 31 pages of unit notes with visuals for students and support
professionals.
• 5 PowerPoint Review Games with Answer Keys
• Rubrics, follow along worksheets, projects, video and
academic links, templates, materials list, First Day
PowerPoint, guide, and much more.
• Taxonomy and Classification Unit Link
Areas
of Focus within The Taxonomy and Classification Unit:
Taxonomy, Classification, Need for Taxonomy vs. Common Names, What is a Species?,
Dichotomous Keys, What does Classification Use?, The Domains of Life, Kingdoms of
Life,The 8 Taxonomic Ranks, Humans Taxonomic Classification, Kingdom Monera,
Prokaryotic Cells, Types of Eubacteria, Bacteria Classification, Gram Staining,Bacterial
Food Borne Illnesses, Penicillin and Antiseptic, Oral Hygiene and Plaque, Bacterial
Reproduction (Binary Fission), Asexual Reproduction, Positives and Negatives of
Bacteria, Protista, Plant-like Protists, Animal-like Protists, Fungi-like Protists, Animalia,
Characteristics of Animalia, Animal Symmetry, Phylums of Animalia (Extensive), Classes
of Chordata, Mammals, Subclasses of Mammals, Characteristics of Mammals, Classes of
Fish, Fashion a Fish Project, Animal Poster Project, Fungi, Positives and Negatives of
Fungi, Divisions of Fungi (Extensive), Parts of a Mushroom, 3 Roles of Fungi, Fungi
Reproduction, Mold Prevention, Plant Divisions, Photosynthesis, Plant Photo Tour, Non
Vascular Plants, Algae, Lichens, Bryophytes, Seedless Vascular Plants, Cone Bearing
Plants, Flowering Plants, Monocotyledons, Dicotyledons and much more.
Taxonomy and Classification Unit Link
• Please visit the links below to learn more
about each of the units in this curriculum and
to see previews of each unit.
– These units take me four busy years to complete
with my students in grades 5-10.
Earth Science Units
Extended Tour Link and Curriculum Guide
Geology Topics Unit
http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Geology_Unit.html
Astronomy Topics Unit
http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Astronomy_Unit.html
Weather and Climate Unit
http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Weather_Climate_Unit.html
Soil Science, Weathering, More
http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Soil_and_Glaciers_Unit.html
Water Unit
http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Water_Molecule_Unit.html
Rivers Unit
http://sciencepowerpoint.com/River_and_Water_Quality_Unit.html
=

Easier
5th – 7th grade
= More Difficult
6th – 8th grade
= Most Difficult
8th – 10th grade
Physical Science Units
Extended Tour Link and Curriculum Guide
Science Skills Unit
http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Science_Introduction_Lab_Safety_Metric_Methods.
html
Motion and Machines Unit
http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Newtons_Laws_Motion_Machines_Unit.html
Matter, Energy, Envs. Unit
http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Energy_Topics_Unit.html
Atoms and Periodic Table Unit
http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Atoms_Periodic_Table_of_Elements_Unit.html
Life Science Units
Extended Tour Link and Curriculum Guide
Human Body / Health Topics
http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Human_Body_Systems_and_Health_Topics_Unit.html
DNA and Genetics Unit
http://sciencepowerpoint.com/DNA_Genetics_Unit.html
Cell Biology Unit
http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Cellular_Biology_Unit.html
Infectious Diseases Unit
http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Infectious_Diseases_Unit.html
Taxonomy and Classification Unit
http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Taxonomy_Classification_Unit.html
Evolution / Natural Selection Unit
http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Evolution_Natural_Selection_Unit.html
Botany Topics Unit
http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Plant_Botany_Unit.html
Ecology Feeding Levels Unit
http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Ecology_Feeding_Levels_Unit.htm
Ecology Interactions Unit
http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Ecology_Interactions_Unit.html
Ecology Abiotic Factors Unit
http://sciencepowerpoint.com/Ecology_Abiotic_Factors_Unit.html
• Thank you for your time and interest in this
curriculum tour. Please visit the welcome / guide on
how a unit works and please link to the many unit
previews to see the PowerPoint slideshows, bundled
homework packages, review games, unit notes, and
much more. Thank you again and please feel free to
contact me with any questions you may have. Best
wishes.
• Sincerely,
• Ryan Murphy M.Ed
• [email protected]