Transcript THE HIGHER EDUCATION CIO: PORTRAIT OF TODAY, LANDSCAPE OF TOMORROW Pam Arroway September 2011 ©2011 EDUCAUSE.

THE HIGHER EDUCATION CIO:
PORTRAIT OF TODAY,
LANDSCAPE OF TOMORROW
Pam Arroway
September 2011
©2011 EDUCAUSE. CC by-nc-nd
The Higher Education CIO:
Portrait of Today, Landscape of Tomorrow
Contents
 Data Sources
 Evolution of CIO Role
 Demographics: Today’s CIOs
 The Next Generation of CIOs: Aspirants and NonAspirants
 Getting Ready: Identifying and Preparing the Next
Generation of CIOs
Source: Arroway, Pam, Jerrold M. Grochow, Judith A. Pirani, and Carrie E. Regenstein. The Higher
Education CIO: Portrait of Today, Landscape of Tomorrow (Research Report). Boulder, CO: EDUCAUSE
Center for Applied Research, October 2011, available from http://www.educause.edu/ecar.
©2011 EDUCAUSE. CC by-nc-nd
2
DATA SOURCES
©2011 EDUCAUSE. CC by-nc-nd
3
2011 ECAR SURVEY OF IT LEADERSHIP
AND WORKFORCE IN HIGHER EDUCATION

30,000 EDUCAUSE members were invited to
respond.
 Responses were received from 3,400 people from
more than 1,000 institutions.



368 senior IT leaders (whom we refer to as CIOs)
545 CIO “aspirants”
2,487 other IT staff
©2011 EDUCAUSE. CC by-nc-nd
4
2011 ECAR LEADERSHIP AND WORKFORCE
SURVEY, RESPONDENT DEMOGRAPHICS
Gender
Ethnicity
Carnegie
Class
Male
Female
Did not provide
Total
American Indian/Alaska Native
Asian American/Asian/Pacific Islander
African American/Black
Hispanic/Latino
White/Caucasian
Other
Did not provide
Total
DR
MA
BA
AA
Other US
Outside US
Total
CIO
282
82
4
368
1
9
3
2
338
6
9
368
73
101
69
51
72
2
368
NonDon’t
Aspirant Aspirant know*
985
410
392
822
128
220
52
7
16
1,859
545
628
9
2
2
43
24
20
24
11
18
43
22
26
1,624
455
512
27
11
14
89
20
36
1,859
545
628
1,023
263
307
322
110
131
171
65
77
100
33
38
240
72
73
3
2
2
1,859
545
628
Total
2,069
1,252
79
3,400
14
96
56
93
2,929
58
154
3,400
1,666
664
382
222
457
9
3,400
*Respondents who selected “Don’t know” or did not give a response about their aspirations.
©2011 EDUCAUSE. CC by-nc-nd
5
CORE DATA SERVICE (CDS)
POPULATION

Since 2002, the CDS has tracked data on higher
education central IT organizations and IT leaders.
 Over 2,500 institutions are invited to participate
each year (members and non-members).
 More than 900 institutions complete the survey
each year.
 Participants have access to data from peer
institutions.
©2011 EDUCAUSE. CC by-nc-nd
6
CORE DATA SERVICE (CDS)
RESPONDENT CHARACTERISTICS
Carnegie
Class
2009
2008
2007
2006
2005
AA
149
147
178
163
166
BA GEN
84
73
89
76
82
BA LA
115
118
115
109
106
MA I
209
218
247
233
237
MA II
36
34
34
30
34
DR INT
62
61
68
62
64
DR EXT
114
114
115
121
122
Other US
58
55
66
63
48
Outside US
92
136
113
105
100
Total
919
956
1025
962
959
©2011 EDUCAUSE. CC by-nc-nd
7
CURRENT ISSUES SURVEY
POPULATION AND RESPONDENTS

Administered by the EDUCAUSE Current Issues
Committee, the electronic survey was conducted
in December 2010.
 Of the 1,917 EDUCAUSE primary member
representatives who received an e-mail invitation
to complete the survey, 320 (17%) responded.
 Survey participants—typically CIOs—were asked
to select the five most-important IT issues.
©2011 EDUCAUSE. CC by-nc-nd
8
EVOLUTION OF CIO ROLE
©2011 EDUCAUSE. CC by-nc-nd
9
HIGHER EDUCATION CIOs ARE
DOING MORE

Standard functions reporting to the CIO include
user support, administrative information systems,
network infrastructure, data center operations, IT
security and policy and telephony.
 From 2005 to 2009, half of institutions reported
adding more official functions to the central IT
organization.
 IT planning and budgeting activities have
significantly increased in central IT.
©2011 EDUCAUSE. CC by-nc-nd
10
FUNCTIONS REPORTING TO THE CIO VARY
SIGNIFICANTLY BY CARNEGIE CLASS
Function
Identity management
IT planning and budgeting
Student computing
Academic computing
Web support services
Instructional technology
Multimedia services
Student computing
Research computing
Print/copier services
Distance education
Library
Computer store
Mailroom
Number of responding
Institutions (n)
DR EXT DR INT
99%
98%
84%
93%
86%
84%
100%
84%
93%
87%
79%
75%
69%
69%
65%
51%
68%
58%
19%
24%
12%
31%
5%
18%
31%
15%
2%
5%
108
57
MA I
93%
94%
90%
89%
86%
82%
79%
63%
35%
24%
37%
18%
10%
3%
MA II
92%
88%
92%
92%
77%
73%
77%
58%
19%
58%
38%
12%
4%
12%
BA LA
97%
91%
96%
94%
88%
89%
81%
70%
46%
40%
20%
30%
21%
10%
BA GEN
81%
85%
92%
87%
75%
77%
67%
54%
25%
56%
37%
8%
10%
12%
AA
85%
90%
84%
77%
76%
64%
61%
53%
11%
40%
35%
12%
4%
8%
200
36
113
73
144
©2011 EDUCAUSE. CC by-nc-nd
11
PARTICIPATION IN INSTITUTIONAL
DECISION MAKING IS NOT UNIVERSAL
Membership in the senior council (president’s
cabinet) has ranged from 46% to 49% over the
past five years.
 Cabinet membership often goes along with a title
of vice president (VP), but not so for CIOs who are
directors.
 Far more CIOs participate in institutional decision
making (up to 73%) than are in the president’s
cabinet.

©2011 EDUCAUSE. CC by-nc-nd
12
CIO PARTICIPATION IN INSTITUTIONAL
DECISION MAKING VARIES SIGNIFICANTLY
BY CABINET MEMBERSHIP
Almost Always or Often Participates in
Decisions on:
Cabinet Representation*
Participant in president’s cabinet
Administrative Academic
IT Implications Directions
Directions
89%
85%
43%
Non-participant in president’s
cabinet
56%
62%
18%
Overall
72%
73%
30%
*n = 368
©2011 EDUCAUSE. CC by-nc-nd
13
CABINET MEMBERSHIP VARIES
SIGNIFICANTLY BY CIO’S TITLE
Title
CIO
Director
VP
Associate VP
Executive director
CTO
Vice provost
Assistant VP
Associate provost
Vice chancellor
Dean
CITO
Participation in Institution’s Senior Council
(Cabinet)
2005
2009
Percentage*
53%
17%
91%
31%
26%
38%
39%
16%
36%
100%
55%
67%
Number
192
261
176
61
35
24
28
25
22
20
12
15
Percentage*
50%
21%
92%
41%
25%
42%
52%
19%
40%
100%
69%
27%
Number
244
205
172
51
36
31
21
16
15
15
13
11
Change**
-3%
4%
1%
10%
-1%
4%
13%
3%
4%
0%
14%
-40%
*Percentage of all schools reporting senior council membership.
**Changes are not statistically significant from 2005 to 2009 for any CIO title.
©2011 EDUCAUSE. CC by-nc-nd
14
CIO, VP, AND DIRECTOR ARE THE MOST
COMMONLY USED TITLES
Note: Percentages add up
to more than 100% due to
individuals with compound
titles, such as CIO and VP.
©2011 EDUCAUSE. CC by-nc-nd
15
REPORTING RELATIONSHIPS HAVE NOT
CHANGED SIGNIFICANTLY SINCE 2005

CIO most often reports to the



highest-ranking administrative/business officer (34%)
president or chancellor (30%)
highest-ranking academic officer (26%)

87% of institutions reported no change in the
reporting line from 2005 to 2009.
 10% of institutions reported a change from
reporting to the president or chief academic
officer to the chief administrative or financial
officer.
©2011 EDUCAUSE. CC by-nc-nd
16
THE CIO IS NO LONGER IN THE “IT BOX”

The CIO position is more strategically oriented.
 Half of CIOs selected IT funding as one of the topfive issues they spend time on.
 CIOs cited the importance of being able to
communicate, think strategically, influence,
negotiate, and manage relationships.
 CIOs must know how to introduce a new
technology as well as which ones to introduce.
©2011 EDUCAUSE. CC by-nc-nd
17
IT FUNDING IS AMONG THE TOP 10 ISSUES
THAT CONSUME CIO TIME
Issue
Funding IT
Administrative/ERP/information systems
Strategic planning
Governance, portfolio/project management
Policy development and compliance
Security
Infrastructure/cyberinfrastructure
Collaboration/partnerships/building relationships
Staffing/HR management/training
Service and support (formerly service delivery models)
Percentage*
49%
39%
34%
30%
26%
23%
22%
21%
21%
20%
*n = 320
©2011 EDUCAUSE. CC by-nc-nd
18
CIOs’ PERCEPTIONS OF THE SKILLS
NEEDED TO BE A SUCCESSFUL CIO
©2011 EDUCAUSE. CC by-nc-nd
19
DEMOGRAPHICS: TODAY’S CIOs
©2011 EDUCAUSE. CC by-nc-nd
20
WHO ARE TODAY’S CIOs?

74% are baby boomers
 80% have an advanced degree
 75% had a previous position in higher education
 50% have been in their current position for more
than five years
 23% are female
 8% are non-White/Caucasian
©2011 EDUCAUSE. CC by-nc-nd
21
74% OF CIOs ARE BABY BOOMERS
n = 308
©2011 EDUCAUSE. CC by-nc-nd
22
80% OF CIOs HAVE ADVANCED DEGREES,
WITH PhD CIOs MORE COMMON AT
DOCTORAL INSTITUTIONS
©2011 EDUCAUSE. CC by-nc-nd
23
75% OF CIOs HAVE COME FROM WITHIN
HIGHER EDUCATION, AND ONE-THIRD
HAVE HELD A PREVIOUS CIO POSITION
©2011 EDUCAUSE. CC by-nc-nd
24
IN THE NEXT SIX YEARS, 31% OF CIOs
PLAN TO RETIRE OR LEAVE HIGHER
EDUCATION
n = 368
©2011 EDUCAUSE. CC by-nc-nd
25
THE PERCENTAGE OF CIOs PLANNING TO
RETIRE BY AGE 65 HAS DECREASED BY
12% SINCE 2008
12% drop
©2011 EDUCAUSE. CC by-nc-nd
26
THE NEXT GENERATION OF CIOs:
ASPIRANTS AND NON-ASPIRANTS
©2011 EDUCAUSE. CC by-nc-nd
27
ASPIRANTS ARE CONFIDENT AND
OPTIMISTIC
©2011 EDUCAUSE. CC by-nc-nd
28
EXECUTIVE IT STAFF UNDER 40 ARE MOST
LIKELY TO ASPIRE TO THE CIO POSITION

32% of executive IT respondents aspire to be a
CIO.
 Among executive IT respondents under 40, 56%
aspire to become CIOs.
 By their mid-50s, only 25–30% of executive IT
respondents still aspire to become CIOs.
 Non-executive IT respondents are about half as
likely to be aspirants as those in executive IT.
©2011 EDUCAUSE. CC by-nc-nd
29
THE PERCENTAGE OF IT STAFF WHO DO
NOT ASPIRE TO THE CIO ROLE HAS
INCREASED
©2011 EDUCAUSE. CC by-nc-nd
30
POLITICS AND STRESS ARE COMMONLY
CITED AS REASONS FOR NOT ASPIRING TO
BE A CIO
Executive IT
Non-Aspirants
(n = 242)
50%
All Other
Non-Aspirants
(n = 1617)
48%
Stress is too great
28%
33%
Lack PhD or other terminal degree
27%
29%
Prefer to remain in technical position
Don’t have technical skills CIOs
require
12%
26%
11%
16%
10%
15%
12%
14%
8%
13%
8%
10%
Reason
Political demands are too great
Don’t have management skills CIOs
require
Hours are too long
Don’t have leadership skills CIOs
require
Wish to pursue a career outside IT
©2011 EDUCAUSE. CC by-nc-nd
31
RESULTS SUGGEST A SUFFICIENT SUPPLY
OF ASPIRANTS IN COMING YEARS
©2011 EDUCAUSE. CC by-nc-nd
32
GETTING READY: IDENTIFYING AND PREPARING
THE NEXT GENERATION OF CIOs
©2011 EDUCAUSE. CC by-nc-nd
33
A CULTURE OF SUCCESSION PLANNING IS
NEEDED WITHIN HIGHER EDUCATION

74% of CIOs come from within higher education.
Roughly half of those from within the institution.
 Only 31% of CIOs indicated that they are held
responsible for identifying a successor.


However, 64% of CIOs have identified a successor.
Aspirants who are being groomed for the CIO
position are more optimistic about job
opportunities.

However, less than one-third of staff selected mentoring
as a top factor in their professional growth.
©2011 EDUCAUSE. CC by-nc-nd
34
ASPIRANTS WHO ARE BEING GROOMED
ARE MORE OPTIMISTIC THAN THOSE WHO
ARE NOT
©2011 EDUCAUSE. CC by-nc-nd
35
MENTORING AND LEADERSHIP TRAINING
SHOULD BE HIGH-PRIORITY ACTIVITIES

Provide potential leaders with developmental
opportunities to gain the necessary background
and skills in technical disciplines and particularly
management disciplines.
 Ensure that potential leaders learn about all IT
areas.
 Help potential leaders develop the understanding
of institutional functions and priorities senior
leaders need.
©2011 EDUCAUSE. CC by-nc-nd
36
MENTORING AND LEADERSHIP TRAINING
SHOULD BE HIGH-PRIORITY ACTIVITIES.

Encourage potential leaders to access the
professional network and leadership development
opportunities offered by organizations such as
EDUCAUSE.
 Act as mentors and encourage qualified aspirants
to pursue the CIO role.
©2011 EDUCAUSE. CC by-nc-nd
37