Transcript Process reflection  1 of 3 5 page papers  Reflections on communicating the commons  Write all you want but only hand in;  Not.

Process reflection
 1 of 3
5 page papers
 Reflections on communicating the
commons
 Write all you want but only hand in;
 Not less than 10 separate entries [concise]
 Not more than 5 pages
GOVERNING THE COMMONS
THREE INFLUENTIAL MODELS
Tragedy of the commons
The prisoner’s dilemma game
[formal game theory for Hardin’s tragedy]
The Logic of Collective Action
TRAGEDY OF THE COMMONS
ÒThere in is the tragedy. Each man is locked into a system that compels him to increase
his herd without limit Ğin a world that is limited. Ruin is the destination toward which all
men rush, each pursuing his own best interest in a society that believes in the freedom of
the commons.Ó [Hardin, 1968 p.1,244]
WHAT ONE WORD betrays an
ignorance of the commons
Prisoner’s dilemma
[formal game theory for HardinÕs tragedy]
Communication is forbidden, impossible or irrelevant = non-cooperative
Know the options and outcomes but not the action of the other =
complete knowledge
ÒAs long as individuals are viewed as prisoners, policy prescriptions will
address this metaphorÓ [Ostrom p.7]
Logic of collective action
ÒUnless the number of individuals is quite small, or unless there is a coercion or some
other special devise to make individuals act in their common interest, rational, selfinterested individualswill not act to achievetheir com m onor group interests.Ó
[Olson1965,p.2]
The free-rider problem.
Policy prescriptions
ÒIf ruin is to be avoided in a crowded world, people must be responsive t o a coercive
force outside their individual psyches, a ÔLeviathanÕt o use Hobbes termÓ (Hardin)
State control or privatization
Òthe only way to avoid the tragedy of the commons in natural resources and
wildlife is to end the common property system by creating a system of private property
rights.Ó (Robert J. Smith)
THE ONLY WAY?
ÒI would rather addressÉ the capabilities of
those involved to change
the constraining rules of the game
to lead to outcomes other than remorseless tragedies.Ó
Ostrom
The only way(s)
…a theoretical alternative to
centralization or privatization as
ways to solve CPR problems. Let
us now briefly consider a solution
devised by participants in a field
setting - Alanya, Turkey.
For next week: Ch o ose a chapter of Ca pitalism 3.0. Prepare a
summary ppt 5min
PART 1: THE PROBLEM
Chapter 1 Time to Upgrade 3
Chapter 2 A Short History of Capitalism 15
Chapter 3 The Limits of Government 33
Chapter 4 The Limits of P rivatization 49
PART 2 : A SOLUTION
Chapter 5 Reinventing the Commons 65
Chapter 6 T rusteeship of Creation 79
Chapter 7 Universal Birthrights 101
Chapter 8 Sharing Culture 117
PART 3 : MAKING IT HAP PEN
Chapter 9 Building the Commons Sector 135
Chapter 10 What You Can Do 155