Networking the Physical World David E. Culler University of California, Berkeley Intel Research Berkeley http://webs.cs.berkeley.edu supported by DARPA NEST program, NSF, Intel, CITRIS and California MICRO.
Download ReportTranscript Networking the Physical World David E. Culler University of California, Berkeley Intel Research Berkeley http://webs.cs.berkeley.edu supported by DARPA NEST program, NSF, Intel, CITRIS and California MICRO.
Networking the Physical World David E. Culler University of California, Berkeley Intel Research Berkeley http://webs.cs.berkeley.edu supported by DARPA NEST program, NSF, Intel, CITRIS and California MICRO. log (people per computer) New Class of Computing Number Crunching Data Storage Mainframe Minicomputer productivity interactive Workstation PC Laptop PDA year 2/18/03 IDF Panel streaming information to/from physical world CMOS Trends: miniaturization and more Itanium2 (241M ) nearly a thousand 8086’s would fit in a modern microprocessor Actuation Sensing Communication I SDQ SD PLL baseband filters mixer LNA 2/18/03 IDF Panel Processing & Storage Example uses • Monitoring Environments – – – – habitat monitoring, conservation biology, ... Precision agriculture, land conservation, ... built environment comfort & efficiency ... alarms, security, surveillance, treaty verification ... • Monitoring Structures and Things – condition-based maintenance – disaster management – urban terrain mapping & monitoring • Interactive Environments – context aware computing, non-verbal communication – handicap assistance » home/elder care » asset tracking • Integrated robotics 2/18/03 IDF Panel CENS.ucla.edu System Challenges Monitoring & Managing Spaces and Things applications data mgmt service network system architecture Comm. MEMS sensing Store Proc uRobots actuate technology Miniature, low-power connections to the physical world 2/18/03 IDF Panel Power Open Experimental Platform to Catalyze a Community Services Networking TinyOS WeC 99 “Smart Rock” www.tinyos.net Rene 11/00 Small microcontroller - 10 kb EEPROM storage (32 KB) Simple sensors 2/18/03 Mica 1/02 Demonstrate scale - 8 kb code, 512 B data Simple, low-power radio Dot 9/01 Designed for experimentation NEST open exp. platform 128 KB code, 4 KB data -sensor boards 50 KB radio -power boards - Intel DARPA SENSIT, Expeditions Crossbow IDF Panel 512 KB Flash comm accelerators - DARPA NEST TinyOS/MICA Platform Users (ca 6/02) • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • ACCENTURE • ALLEN, ANTHONY • ALTARUM • BAE SYSTEMS CONTROLS • BALBOA INSTRUMENTS • CARNEGIE MELLON UNIV • CENTRID • CLEVELAND STATE UNIV • CORNELL UNIVERSITY • DARTMOUTH COLLEGE • DOBLE ENGINEERING • COMPANY • DUKE UNIVERSITY • FRANCE TELECOM R&D • GE KAYE INSTRUMENTS, INC • GEORGE WASHINGTON UNIV. • GEORGIA TECH RESEARCH INT • GE • GRAVITON, INC • HONEYWELL • HRL ABORATORIES • • • • • 2/18/03 INTEL CORPORATION INTEL RESEARCH JPL KENT STATE UNIVERSITY LAWRENCE BERKELEY NAT'L LLNL LOS ALAMOS NATIONAL LAB MARYLAND PROCUREMENT MIT MITRE CORP. MSE TECH. APPLICATION INC NASA LANGLEY RESEARCH CTR NAT'L INST OF STD & TECH NICK OLIVAS LOS ALAMOS NA NORTH DAKOTA STATE UNIV PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIV PHILLIPS ROBERT BOSCH CORP. RUIZ-SANDOVAL, M.E. RUTGERS STATE UNIVERSITY SANDIA NATIONAL LABS SIEMENS BUILDING TECH INC SILICON SENSING SYSTEMS SOUTHWEST RESEARCH TEMPLE UNIVERSITY IDF Panel • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • UNIV SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS UNIVERSITY OF IOWA UNIVERSITY OF KANSAS UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN UNIVERSITY OF NOTRE DAME UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CA UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS UNIVERSITY OF UTAH UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA US ARMY CECOM USC INFORMATION SCIENCES VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY VIGILANZ SYSTEMS VITRONICS INC WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY WILLOW TECHNOLOGIES LTD WJM, INC XEROX CENS @ UCLA Simple Technolgy, Broad Agenda • Social factors – security, privacy, information sharing • Applications – long lived, self-maintaining, dense instrumentation of previously unobservable phenomena – interacting with a computational environment • Programming the Ensemble – describe global behavior, synthesis local rules that have correct, predictable global behavior • Distributed services – localization, time synchronization, resilient aggregation • Networking – self-organizing multihop, resilient, energy efficient routing – despite limited storage and tremendous noise • Operating system – extensive resource-constrained concurrency, modularity – framework for defining boundaries • Architecture – rich interfaces and simple primitives allowing cross-layer optimization 2/18/03 IDFcommunication, Panel – low-power processor, ADC, radio, encryption Confluence of Talent @ UCB • David Culler, sys, arch, net • Kris Pister, MEMS, lowpower chips/rf • Jan Rabaey, pico-radio • Eric Brewer, P.L., sys, app • David Wagner, security • Shankar Sastry, dist. ctrl, cyberinfrastructure • Kannan Ramachandran, dist. coding • Laurent El Ghoui, opt. • Michael Jordon, alg. • Dick White, sensors • Bob Broderson, UWB 2/18/03 • Pravin Varaya, transport. • Paul Wright (ME) design, fire, energy, power • Steve Glaser (CE), structures, fire • Greg Fenves (CE), earthquakes • Todd Dawson (IB), eocphysiology • Ed Arens (ED), built env • Mary Powers (IB), conservation biology • Alice Agagino (ME) • ... IDF Panel Confluence of Technologies Many devices monitor and interact with physical world Coordinate and perform higher-level tasks Networking Embedded Systems Self-organized, power-aware communication Small, untethered processing, storage, and control MEMS Mass-produced, low-power, short range, sensors & actuators Exploit spatially and temporally dense coupling to physical world 2/18/03 IDF Panel backup 2/18/03 IDF Panel MicroSensors • MEMS, resistive, capacitive • Accelerometer, vibration, magnetometer • Light (solar, PAR), temperature, acoustic, wind • Barometric pressure, humidity, moisture, fog, dew • Touch, force, strain • Motion, IR, occupancy • CO, CO2, ... 2/18/03 IDF Panel A new kind of information • Streaming data from the physical world – rather than explicit creation by people • Carries a tremendous amount of potential information – what is where?, what is it doing?, how is it doing?, what else is there? – why, what is causing it to do what it is doing? • Shares many of the networking challenges in an extreme form – real time, closed-loop, lossy, compression, content-based addressing, multicast, aggregate • Plus a new set of challenges – How is it captured, categorized, index, mined, transported, shared, protected? – Energy, bandwidth, and storage constraints 2/18/03 IDF Panel