Transcript Advanced Transit Private Utility And Northern Virginia A New Business Model for Urban Transportation Paul Hoffman Booz Allen Hamilton [email protected].

Advanced Transit Private Utility
And Northern Virginia
A New Business Model for Urban Transportation
Paul Hoffman
Booz Allen Hamilton
[email protected]
Technology Overview – PRT Fundamentals
Fundamental elements of PRT technology:
On-demand, non-stop, origin-to-destination service
Small, automated vehicles
Small, exclusive use guideways
Off-line stations
Network of connected guideways
Combines elements of automotive, computer,
network and transit technologies
Uses current state-of-the-art technologies
including:
Advanced propulsion systems
On-board switching and guidance
High speed controls and communication
Lightweight advanced materials
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PRT represents a new
option for sustainable,
effective urban
transportation providing
higher access and service
at a lower cost than
current transit options.
A New Paradigm –Distributed Demand, Small Infrastructure
Conventional Guideway Transit
Compact travelers into a few large vehicles
Large guideway, large posts
Scheduled service, long vehicle headways
Higher costs, higher visual impact
Personal Rapid Transit
Distribute travelers among many small vehicles
Small guideway, small posts
On-demand service, short vehicle headways
Lower costs, lower impact
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Potential PRT Applications
Urbanized Area:
Central Business District circulator
High density area connector
Feeder to existing transit stations/hubs
Connector/distributor from satellite
parking facilities
Potential alternative to LRT, BRT or
Monorail development or expansion
Urban goods and light freight movement
Activity Center/Campus:
Circulator within entertainment/tourism
district
Circulator within/between college or
business campuses
Airport landside and airside access
Feeder to existing transit stations/hubs
Connector/distributor from satellite
parking facilities
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Small Infrastructure Benefits
Potential installation along:
Median or shoulder along
commercial arterials or
thoroughfares
Curb line of major streets
Minimizes environmental impact:
Quiet operation
Low vibration
Small visual impact
No direct emissions
Small stations allow:
Installation in building interiors
Free standing structures
Integrated into new additions
Appropriate access:
Focused on major attraction points
Distributed parking feeders
Don’t need last mile residential
access to be successful
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Moving Forward – PRT as Full Option for Urban Transportation
Conventional transit guideway systems have difficulty providing
urban scale service due to limitations including:
Custom designs
Limited standards and interoperability
Limited scalability
Expensive and disruptive implementation
Required transfers between line haul segments
Service reductions for station additions
To achieve the promise of an urban transportation solution, PRT
will need to:
Avoid custom designs and vendor specific solutions that limit
scalability, require transfers, increase complexity
Adopt standards and commercial business models that provide
increase revenue potential and decreased costs
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Vision for the Future PRT - The Network Utility Model
PRT has the opportunity to develop a new business model with the
potential to SCALE beyond the limited access of fixed guideway transit
The model is founded on the success of other commercial network
businesses such as:
Telephone
Internet
Cell Phones
Cable
These network industries are founded on several fundamental principles:
Open standards
Mass production and economies of scale
Multiple suppliers and providers
Government regulation of public access and right of way
Market pricing
Open competition
Private funding
Transit can also follow these network successes if the fundamentals are
applied to a common technology
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The Transportation Utility Vision
Recognition of the strengths in the public and private sectors
Public Sector
Public interest outlook
Safety and security
Collective funding mechanisms
Performance standards
Private Sector
Innovation and technology development
Cost management and efficient operations
Mass production and competitive sourcing
Real estate development
Leveraging of capital
Technology standards
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The Transportation Utility Model
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Public Authority
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Authorization and Licensing
Regulation and Oversight
Performance Standards
Taxing Authority
Bonding and Funding
Transit Utility
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Design and Construction
Operations and Maintenance
Bonding and Funding
Property Development
Industry
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Manufacturers and Component Suppliers
Engineering, Contractors and Consultants
Service and Operations Providers
Financing and Risk Management
Public Authority
Public Authority Functions:
Sells or grants public access/right-of-way through franchises
Develop and oversee performance standards compliance
Insure safety, security, equal access
Manage fare policy and costs of developer/service provider
Manage central operations provider
Provide supplemental funding
Creation and Operation
Multi-jurisdictional representation and authority for a region
Generally chartered by the State
Taxing and bonding authority
Integrated charter with regional land use and transportation planning
authorities
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Transit Utility
Private Transit Utilities
One or more utilities for a region
License to operate transit system
from regulator
Own and operate the transit
network in the franchise area
Own the land or acquire airrights to install guideways in
franchise area
Private corporation with bonding
and multiple funding sources
Ownership by potential
consortium of local land owners,
developers, investors and public
entities
Build and operate against public
standards
Interoperability standards with
other utilities
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Contract with manufacturers to
build and install guideways,
stations, vehicles and systems
Contract with central operations
provider for system management
and control
Increased Revenue and Value with Private Utility
Increased Real Estate Value
Increased floor area ratio (FAR)
is allowed if property is served by
transit
Increased FAR allows higher
revenue per property and overall
value
Increased value due to
attractiveness from access to
transit
Real Estate Value Capture
Options
Directly captured by Utility
through ownership of stations
and surrounding areas
Captured by consortium of land
owners as investors in the Utility
Returned to Utility as private
investments by consortium
Potential real estate taxing
district
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Other Revenue
Station Fees from local
developers to install stations and
off-line guideways as an aid to
development
Station revenue from advertising
and retail services
Cargo Services
Fare Revenue
Right-of-Way Fees
Supplemental Public Support
Dulles Corridor Metro Line
Phase 1 and 2
11 Stations
2.2 Sq Miles walking distance coverage @1/4 mile radius
Phase 1
11.6 Miles, 5 Stations
63,000 Daily Trips
$2.35 Billion - $37k/Trip
FTA Cost Effectiveness Rating:
Medium
Phase 2
11.5 Miles, 6 Stations
32,000 Additional Daily Trips
$2.50 Billion - $78k/Trip
FTA Rating: ?
Dulles Corridor Metro Line
Phase 2 – Route 772 - Wiehle
6 Stations
1.2 Sq Miles walking distance coverage @1/4 mile radius
Dulles Corridor Metro Line
Route 772 - Dulles
3 Stations
0.6 Sq Miles walking distance
coverage @1/4 mile radius
Potential Initial PRT Circulator
Dulles Airport
• 8 Stations
• 3.5 Miles of Guideway
• $105 Million @ $35 Million/mile
• $160 Million @ $50 Million/mile
• Provides
1.2 Sq Miles walking distance
coverage @ 750 ft radius
• Typical walking distance of ¼
mile or 1320 ft used for transit
systems
• 750 ft walking distance used at
airports to reflect travelers with
luggage
PRT Network
Dulles – NorthWest
21.5 Additional Miles of
Guideway
$645 - $970 Million
PRT Network
Dulles - NorthWest
31 Additional Stations
6.1 Sq Miles walking
distance coverage @ ¼
mile radius
Metro Line
Wiehle – Reston- Herndon
3 Stations
0.6 Sq Miles walking distance coverage @1/4 mile radius
PRT Network
Wiehle – Reston- Herndon
9.5 Miles of Guideway
$250 - $300 Million
PRT Network
Wiehle – Reston- Herndon
15 Stations
2.9 Sq Miles walking distance coverage @1/4 mile radius
PRT Network
Dulles – NorthWest - Route 28 - Wiehle
70 Stations - 46.8 miles of Guideway - $1.6 - $2.3 Billion
13.7 Sq Miles walking distance coverage @ ¼ mile radius
Metro Phase 2
11.5 Miles, 6 Stations
1.2 Sq Miles Walking
Coverage
$2.50 Billion - $78k/Trip
PRT Network
Dulles – NorthWest - Route 28 - Wiehle – Tysons Corner
90 Stations - 69.5 Miles of Guideway - $2.4 - $3.5 Billion
17.6 Sq Miles walking distance coverage @ ¼ mile radius
Metro Phase 1 and 2
22.1 Miles, 11 Stations
2.2 Sq Miles Walking
Coverage
$4.80 Billion
PRT Network
Extended Dulles Corridor and Central Fairfax County
120 Stations - 108 Miles of Guideway - $3.8 - $5.4 Billion
23.5 Sq Miles walking distance coverage @ ¼ mile radius
MTR Corporation – Hong Kong Transit Utility
Operates as a private transportation and development corporation
regulated to operate in Hong Kong
Competes with other rail and bus transit operators
Evolved from a government entity in 2000
Railway Operations
One of the most efficient operators in the world
Privately funded and publicly regulated
50 year public franchise, 76% public ownership
MTR Stations, Property and Development
Highly commercial stations with multiple revenue generators
Owns and operates residential and retail properties above and adjacent to
stations
Directly or cooperatively develops property around stations
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MTR Performance – A Best Case Example
Performance
Requirement
Customer
Service Pledge
Actual 2006
Performance
Train service delivery
98.50%
99.50%
99.90%
Passenger journeys on time
98.50%
99.50%
99.90%
Train punctuality
98%
99%
99.70%
Train reliability: train car-km per train failure causing delays ≥ 5 minutes
N/A
500,000
Ticket reliability: magnetic ticket transactions per ticket failure
N/A
8,000
98.50%
98%
99.40%
Ticket issuing machine reliability
93%
98%
99.60%
Ticket gate reliability
97%
99%
99.80%
Escalator reliability
98%
99%
99.90%
98.50%
99%
99.90%
Trains: to maintain a cool, pleasant and comfortable train
environment generally at a temperature at or below 26˚C
NA
97%
99.90%
Stations: to maintain a cool, pleasant and comfortable
environment generally at or below 27˚C for platforms
and 29˚C for station concourses, except on very hot days
N/A
90%
99.90%
Train compartment: cleaned daily
N/A
98.50%
100.00%
Train body: washed every 2 days
N/A
98%
99.90%
N/A
99%
99.90%
Service Performance Item
Add value machine reliability
Passenger lift reliability
1,448,915
14,705
Temperature and ventilation
Cleanliness
Passenger enquiry response time within 7 working days
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MTR By the Numbers
Railway Operations
2.5 million daily passengers
867 million annual passengers
1074 rail cars
53 stations
57 miles of track
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Efficient Operations
MTR
US Metro Average
$4.5/rail-car-mile
$8.2/rail-car-mile
Powerful 2006 Financials
Average fare
Total Operating Expense
$0.95
$555 Million
Total Fare Revenue
Total Operating Revenue
$834 Million
$1,220 Million
Gross Operating Profit
Net Property Profit/Taxes/Depreciation
Net Profit
$665 Million
$327 Million
$992 Million