United Nations Conference on Trade and Development TODAY June 2004 Chief, Office of the Secretary-General.
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United Nations Conference on Trade and Development TODAY June 2004 Chief, Office of the Secretary-General UNCTAD A knowledge-based institution to promote development I. Introduction to UNCTAD Historical and political context I. UNCTAD’s structure Inter-governmental process, cooperation and dialogue III. UNCTAD today Its current work and its divisions IV. UNCTAD Towards UNCTAD XI 2 Basic goals Optimize the trade, investment and development opportunities of developing countries Assist developing countries in their efforts to integrate into the world economy on an equitable basis Basic characteristics • 192 member States • Secretary-General: Rubens Ricupero (Brazil), since September 1995 • Staff: 400 employees • Headquarters: Geneva, Switzerland • Budget: ca. US$ 45 million from the UN budget, US$ 24 million from extra-budgetary sources Historical and political context: 2004: 1964 1970s Creation of UNCTAD G-77 e NIEO Creation of UNCTAD New International Economic Order Washington Consensus - Dr. Prebisch - Strengthening of the G-77 -Debt crisis - CentrePeriphery - North-South Dialogue - Trade and development - New topics 1980s Washington Consensus -IMF, World Bank structural adjust. programs - Trade and financial liberalization 1990s UNCTAD XI Globalization Globalization - Creation of the WTO -Increase in FDI - Financial crises (Mexico, Asia, Russia, Brazil) Brief History of UNCTAD First phase: 1964 to late 1970s Rise and climax of UNCTAD’s negotiating role Second phase: 1980s Strengthening the analytical capacity with greater focus on macroeconomic and financial issues (debt-crisis) Third phase: 1990s onwards The positive agenda and identification of the shortcomings of the mainstream development strategy UNCTAD 6 Intergovernmental structure United Nations General Assembly ECOSOC UNCTAD UN Conference on Trade and Development UNCTAD 7 Political dimension of the Conferences UNCTAD Discussion about: Development-oriented strategies Advantages and shortcomings of economic strategies Intergovernmental and international policies and priorities Mandates and work of the UN and UNCTAD 8 Intergovernmental process Consensus-building ECOSOC Trade and Development Board Commission on Trade in Goods, Services and Commodities Commission on Investment, Technology and Related Financial Issues Commission on Enterprise, Business Facilitation and Development Commission on Science and Technology for Development Expert Meetings Annual session of the commissions: political issues Expert meetings: technical issues Structure of the Secretariat Secretary-General Office of the S-G Deputy S-G Division of Management Division Division On International on Globalisation Trade in Goods and Development and Services, Strategies and Commodities Division on Investment, Technology and Enterprise Development Division On Services Infrastructure for Development and Trade Efficiency Special Programme For Least Developed, Landlocked and Island Developing Countries How does UNCTAD work? Intergovernmental level Commission meetings Expert meetings Monitoring of intergovernmental activities Consensus Building A TWO-TRACK PROCESS Research and analytical studies Human resources capacity-building UNCTAD Secretariat Institutional Capacitybuilding Policy Analysis Cooperation and dialogue UNCTAD Governments 192 countries International organisations WTO, UNDP, OCA, ICC, World Bank, IMF, etc. Civil Society Intergovernmental Organisations (IGOs) and Non-Governmental Organisations (NGOs) Academia Universities and research institutes Private Sector Small and Medium sized Enterprises (SMEs) and Transnational Corporations (TNCs) UNCTAD and Civil Society From consultations to dialogue: building partnerships CONFERENCES SECRETARIAT Partnership for development (Lyon, 1998) Establishment of the ‘Civil Society Outreach’ (CSO) UNCTAD X (Bangkok, 2000) Advocacy 120 NGOs Open dialogue Contributions to the Bangkok Plan of Action LDC III (Brussels, 2001) MAIN THEMES Poverty/Development Social dimension of globalization Regular dialogue Equitable world trade (market access, agriculture) Joint studies and publications Financial system and world economy Partnerships and synergies Social and corporate responsibility Information-sharing LDCs’ external debt Gender and development Trade and environment UNCTAD synergies with Academia RESEARCH AND ANALYSIS • UNCTAD Digital Library PRACTICAL PROGRAMS AND ACTIONS • Capacity-building programs • Reference Unit • Commercial diplomacy • Research links • Research partnerships • Science & Technology Initiative INSTITUTIONAL OUTCOME UNCTAD Virtual Institute on Trade and Development Cooperation: UNCTAD’s role in WTO negotiations WTO Developing countries Joint Technical Assistance Intergovernmental process CAPACITY BUILDING Policy analysis UNCTAD Development Dimensions Technical Assistance Analytical process Annual reports Specific studies Technical and statistical material Regional and national workshops Analysis of national policies and best practices UNCTAD 16 Main publications UNCTAD Trade and Development Report (annual) World Investment Report (annual) The Least Developed Countries Report (biennial) E-commerce and Development Report (annual) Research Papers Series www.unctad.org 17 Investment, enterprise development, and technology DEVELOPMENT Trade (goods, services and commodities), services infrastructure and trade facilitation Least developed, landlocked and small island developing countries. Development strategies and global interdependence UNCTAD’s work I. Globalization and Development Strategies UNCTAD Macro-economic analysis and policy proposals Studies and projections about the world economy and the financial system Preparation of the Trade and Development Report (TDR) Analysis of external debt problems Development programs for Africa 19 II. International Trade in Goods, Services and Commodities UNCTAD Integrate developing countries in the multilateral trade system and help them benefit from it Understanding of current issues in multilateral trade negotiations New proposals – positive agenda Capacity-building 20 III. Investment, Enterprise Development and Technology UNCTAD Investment analysis and policy-making Investment promotion Enterprise development Technology issues 21 IV. Services Infrastructure for Development and Trade Efficiency Trade facilitation Multimodal transportation (ACIS) E-commerce TrainForTrade Global Trade Point Network Customs modernisation (ASYCUDA) UNCTAD 22 V. Special Programme on Least Developed Countries (LDCs) UNCTAD Currently: 50 LDCs 34 in Africa, 9 in Asia, 6 in the Pacific Region, 1 in Latin America (Haiti) Objective: Reduce poverty & increase development Preparation of the LDC Annual Report Analysis of the links between poverty-reduction and development strategies Assistance to LDCs for accession to the WTO and its negotiations Capacity-building in trade, investment and related services Organization of the Conference on LDCs 23 Towards UNCTAD XI UNCTAD 24 UNCTAD XI - São Paulo, 13-18 June 2004 Theme “Enhancing coherence between national development strategies and global economic processes towards economic growth and development, particularly of developing countries” UNCTAD 25 Political dimension of the Conferences UNCTAD Discussion about: Development-oriented strategies Advances and shortcomings of economic development Intergovernmental and international policies and priorities Mandates and work of the UN and UNCTAD 26 From Bangkok to São Paulo Building on recent UNCTAD meetings New round of multilateral trade negotiations Implementation of other UN conferences: UNCTAD Lyon, 1998: Partnership for Development Bangkok, 2000: UNCTAD X Brussels, 2001: LDC III New York 2000: Millennium Development Goals Monterrey 2002: Financing for Development Johannesburg 2002: World Summit for Sustainable Development 27 UNCTAD XI - São Paulo, 13-18 June 2004 Subthemes UNCTAD Development strategies in a globalizing world economy Building productive capacity and international competitiveness Assuring development gains from the international trading system and trade negotiations Partnership for development 28 UNCTAD XI - São Paulo, 13-18 June 2004 Themes for debate UNCTAD Trade and poverty Trade and creative industries Trade and gender 29 UNCTAD XI - São Paulo, 13-18 June 2004 Who participates UNCTAD Government delegates from 192 countries International institutions Parliamentarians Entrepreneurs Academics NGOs and IGOs Media 30 UNCTAD XI - Pre-conference events Rio Trade Week 7 – 11 June 2004 UNCTAD Forum on Export Competitiveness & Dynamic sectors Forum on Regionalism & South-South Cooperation – The case of MERCOSUR and India Risks & Opportunities in the Oil & Gas sector Latin-Pharma 2004 Workshop on Environmental Standards and Trade 31 UNCTAD XI – Pre-conference events Pre-conference Events São Paolo, 9 – 12 June UNCTAD G-77 Ministerial Meeting – 40 years Inter-Parliamentary Union Meeting Seminar on Competition Policies Workshop on Cultural Entrepreneurship 32 UNCTAD XI - São Paulo, 13-18 June 2004 What is going to happen Events UNCTAD Interactive thematic sessions on each of the sub-themes Roundtables, seminars, workshops Exhibitions & fairs 33 UNCTAD XI - São Paulo, 13-18 June 2004 What is going to happen Fairs and exhibitions UNCTAD Technology Fair of the Future ITC and Competitiveness Tool Fair Solidarity Market Fair 34 UNCTAD XI - São Paulo, 13-18 June 2004 What is going to happen Events UNCTAD Annual meeting of the World Association of Investment Promotion Agencies (WAIPA) Civil Society Forum Forum on Trade & Tourism Seminar on Commodities & Development Global System of Trade Preferences among Developing Countries (GSTP) 35 For more information: www.unctadxi.org www.unctad.org UNCTAD 36