HTML Authoring and Web Publishing Minder Chen, Ph.D. [email protected] HTML Authoring Tools/Editors Web Publisher External Applications Non-HTTP objects CGI: Common Gateway Interface Web Browser Web Server Internet Global Reach Broad Range Client End User Web Master Server.

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Transcript HTML Authoring and Web Publishing Minder Chen, Ph.D. [email protected] HTML Authoring Tools/Editors Web Publisher External Applications Non-HTTP objects CGI: Common Gateway Interface Web Browser Web Server Internet Global Reach Broad Range Client End User Web Master Server. 

HTML Authoring and Web Publishing
Minder Chen, Ph.D.
[email protected]
HTML Authoring
Tools/Editors
Web
Publisher
External Applications
Non-HTTP objects
CGI:
Common
Gateway
Interface
Web
Browser
Web
Server
Internet
Global Reach
Broad Range
Client
End User
Web Master
Server
Course Description
The basic architecture of the World Wide Web
(WWW) and its implications to business people,
IS professionals and end users is the focus of
this course. Basic HTML (HyperText Markup
Language) tags for defining document structure
and appearance, for defining anchors and
hyperlinks, plus advanced HTML features
including tables, images, forms, and frames will
be explained. Participants will create their own
web page in the computer lab using HTML
authoring tools. Issues on Web page design and
style, as well as how to promote a home page will
be discussed.
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 2
Course Outline
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Introduction to World Wide Web
HyperText Markup Language: Basic Tags
Anchors, Links, and Uniform Resource Locator
Images and Image Links
Tables
Multimedia Contents
Forms
HTML Extensions
Frames
Web Publishing
Class Project Solutions
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 3
References
• Laura Lemay, Teach Yourself Web Publishing With HTML 4 in 21 Days,
Professional Reference Edition, 2nd Edition, SAMS, Feb. 2000.
• HTML Online Resources:
– B&N http://www.affiliates.net/affnet/traffic.asp
– Introduction to HTML
http://www.ncsa.uiuc.edu/General/Internet/WWW/HTMLPrimer.html
– HTML Resources: http://www.w3.org/MarkUp/
– HTML 3.2: http://www.w3.org/MarkUp/Wilbur/
– http://wdvl.internet.com/Authoring/HTML/4/Tags/
– http://www.htmlcompendium.org/
– http://hotwired.lycos.com/webmonkey/reference/html_cheatsheet/
– HTML-kit: An HTML editor
http://www.chami.com/html-kit/#download
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 4
The Architecture of WWW
HTML
documents
Web
Browser
HTTP
TCP/IP
Client
End User
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
Internet
or
Intranet
Web
Server
HTML & Web Publishing - 5
WWW: What Is It?
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The World Wide Web (WWW) is a breakthrough in new
technology designed to enable global, distributed
information systems.
From a user's perspective, the Web is a collection of
documents, or pages, which contain text, images, and
hypertext links to other pages.
WWW merges the techniques of information retrieval
and hypertext to create a powerful global information
system. By simply pointing and clicking, the user has
instant access to a mind-boggling collection of
information, distributed across the globe.
From an information providers point of view, the Web is
an easy and efficient way of distributing any kind of
information to a very large audience. Nobody is certain
of how many users are on the Internet, but estimates
start at 20 million.
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 6
Key Elements of Web
• Hypertext: Non-linear links to anchors of the
same document, or to different documents on
the same or different web site.
– Using HTML (HyperText Markup Language) links and
anchors
– Relying on URL (Uniform Resource Locators)
addressing scheme
• Multimedia: graphics, video, sound, etc.
– Web browser can access networked hypermedia.
– Hypermedia access of the web browser is facilitated
by helper applications, plug-ins, or document
viewers.
• Network: Global reach and "Universal" access
– Based on TCP/IP protocol.
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 7
Client-Server Model of http
1
helper app
helper app
helper app
helper app
helper app
• Requesting a document
via a URL address
• Connection open Web Site
Web Server
Internet or
Intranet
Web Client
2
Static
• Returning MIMEcompliance document
• Connection close
Dynamic
MIME: Multipurpose Internet Mail Extension
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
Web contents
• HTML documents
• Images
• Animation
• Video clips
• Sound bites
• Java applets
• Java Scripts
• CGI scripts
• Database access
HTML & Web Publishing - 8
HTTP
• HTTP: HyperText Transfer Protocol
• Characteristics:
– Runs on top of TCP/IP
– Has a comprehensive addressing scheme, i.e. URL
– An extensible and open representation for data type,
using MIME header
– Has a stateless protocol. There is no memory
between client connections.
– Is efficient
– Is portable
– Possible extensions, Secure HTTP (SHPPT), SSL,
HTTP-Next Generation
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 9
The Extended Framework of WWW
HTML
Authoring
Tools/Editors
Web Designer
& Publisher
External Applications
Non-HTTP objects
• ColdFusion,
• CGI (Perl)
• ASP & ASP.NET
• JAVA Servlet
• Java Server Pages
• Java Applet
• JavaScript
Web
Browser
Web Programmer
Internet
Global Reach
Broad Range
Client
End User
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
Web
Server
Web Master
HTML & Web Publishing - 10
Foundations
Roadmap to the Web Master Fast Track
Curriculum
Content Development
HTML
Advanced HTML & Web
Technologies Overview
FrontPage
Web Programming
Database-Bound Web
Flash
XML
Web User
Interface
Design
Web Design Process
PhotoShop
• SQL
• ColdFusion
DHTML with
DreamWeaverMX &
JavaScript
163 hrs
Server Administration
IIS
• Web Server
• FTP Server
• Web Site
Analysis
• Internet Security
Active Server Pages
ASP.NET
Web Group Project
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 11
<html>
<head>
<title> HTML Sampler Web Page </title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>HTML Sampler</h1>
<img src="eyes.gif"><br>
<b> List: </b>
<ul>
<li> Item 1
<li> <font size=+2>Item 2</font>
<li> <i>Item 3</i>
</ul>
<table border=1>
<tr> <th> Name</th> <th>Speciality </th> </tr>
<tr> <td> Minder Chen</td> <td>MIS </td> </tr>
<tr> <td> Justin Chen</td> <td>Aerospace </td> </tr>
</table>
<p>
A sample of a form:
<form method="post"
action="http://hoohoo.ncsa.uiuc.edu/cgi-bin/post-query" >
Name: <input type="text" size=20> <br>
<input type="checkbox" name="html" value="YES"> Know HTML <br>
<b><input type="submit" value="Submit your data"></b>
</form>
<hr> Developed by
<a href="http://www.erols.com/aitc/"> Advanced IT Consulting</a>
</body></html>
Document
source
Web Authoring Environment
Line Art
Drawing Tool
HTML
Converter
Digital
Image Tool
Graphic File
Conversion Tool
WYSIWYG
HTML Editor
HTML Source
Editor
HTML Validation
Tools
image file
.gif or .jpeg
Multimedia
Authoring Tool
HTML File
<img src="abc.gif">
<a href="def.mov">
Local Developer
Workstation
ftp tool
Web Hosting Environment
Web Server
video/sound file
.mov, .avi, ...
Web Site
Management Tool
Anatomy of a Tag
<H1 ALIGN="CENTER"> HTML Tutorial </H1>
<H1 ALIGN='CENTER'> HTML Tutorial </H1>
<H1 ALIGN=CENTER> HTML Tutorial </H1>
<H1 ALIGN="CENTER" > HTML Tutorial </H1>
Attribute=value
Opening tag
Closing
tag
Element
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 14
A Simple HTML Document
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>The title shows up on your Web Browser</TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
</BODY>
</HTML>
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HTML & Web Publishing - 15
Basic Tools and Editing Process
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From Start button
Choose Programs
Choose Accessories
Choose WordPad
Enter your HTML code
Save it as Text File
– Choose "Text Document" Format
– Name the file with .htm extension
Open the Internet Explorer
Choose File / Open Page …
Choose the file you just saved
Open the file to view it
Go back to edit your HTML code
Use ALT-TAB key to switch back to the
browser
Click "Reload" button to refresh it
Use ALT-TAB key to switch back to the
Editor
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 16
Solution: Create a Web Page
Save it at c:\temp\index.htm
<html><head><title>Advanced IT Consulting</title></head><body>
<h1>AITC Web Site</h1>
<ul>
<li>Company Introduction
<li>Products
<li>How to Contact us
<li>Online HTML Resources
</ul>
Developed by Advanced IT Consulting <br>
Contact us by email at [email protected]
</body></html>
AITC Web Site
• Company Introduction
• Products
• How to Contact us
• Online HTML Resources
Developed by
Advanced IT Consulting contact
us at [email protected]
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 17
HTML Authoring Tools
• HTML Editor
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Notepad / WordPad
AOLPress (www.aolpress.com)
HTML-Kit (www.chami.com/html-kit/)
HTML Assistant Pro (www.brooknorth.com)
HotMetal from SoftQuad (www.sq.com)
HotDog from Sausage Software (www.sausage.com)
Netscape Communicator (www.netscape.com)
PageMill from Adobe
Microsoft FrontPage
Macromedia Dreamweaver
Recommendation: Use first a WYSIWYG authoring tool for common
tasks and use another non-WYSIWYG authoring tool for advanced
features not currently supported by the first tool.
• HTML Conversion Tool
• HTML Syntax Validation Tool (www.w3.org/MarkUp/html-test/)
• Web Site Development Environment (e.g., FrontPage)
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 18
HTML Editors
• HTML documents are in plain (also known as
ASCII) text format and can be created using any
text editor.
• Free HTML editors:
– Netscape Composer in Netscape Communicator
– FrontPage Express in Internet Explorer 5.0
• HTML editors:
– WYSIWYG HTML editors: FrontPage
– Non-WYSIWYG HTML editors: HTML Assistant Pro
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 19
FrontPage Express
• Install Internet Explore 5.0
• Use customized
installation: Under Web
Authoring tools: Choose
FrontPage Express
• FrontPage Express can be
accessed from the Edit
button of IE or from
Accessories / Internet Tools
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 20
Class Project
C:\temp\index.htm
AITC Web Site
• Company Introduction
AITC
• Products
• How to Contact us
• Online HTML Resources
Developed by
Advanced IT Consulting contact
us at [email protected]
profile.htm
AITC Introduction
AITC is …..
contact.htm
product.htm
[Home | Intro | Product | Contact]
Product Listing
ID
100
200
210
Name
TV
PC
XY
Price
$250
$999
$234
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
AITC Employees
• Minder Chen
• Bruce Johnson
• Terry Smith
Minder Chen
703-334-4566
[Index]
Bruce Johnson
703-334-4577
[Index]
Guest Book Entry:
Name:
Know HTML
Submit
Resume
Web Site
Home Page
Web Page
HTML & Web Publishing - 21
Introduction to HTML
• Most web pages on the World Wide Web are created in a
standard document format know as Hypertext Markup
Language, or HTML.
• In practical terms, HTML is a collection of styles
(indicated by markup tags) that define the various
components of a World Wide Web document. HTML was
invented by Tim Berners-Lee while at CERN.
• The "Hypertext" in HTML is the links that allow you to surf
from one document to the next on the World Wide Web.
• All Web browsing tools like Microsoft Internet Explorer,
and Netscape Navigator, read HTML documents and allow
you to browse these documents by traversing these links.
• Not all browsing tools interpret or display HTML in the
exact same way. This is why some pages look different in
one browser than they do in another. It is important to
keep this in mind when you are creating your web pages.
Test your web pages on different browsers.
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
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Anatomy of a Tag
<H1 ALIGN="CENTER"> HTML Tutorial </H1>
<H1 ALIGN='CENTER'> HTML Tutorial </H1>
<H1 ALIGN=CENTER> HTML Tutorial </H1>
<H1 ALIGN="CENTER" > HTML Tutorial </H1>
Attribute=value
Opening tag
Closing
tag
Element
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
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HTML Elements' General Syntax
• <tag_name> text </tag_name>
– <title> This is a title </title>
– <b> Boldface </b>
• <tag_name> Singleton Tags
– <br>
– <p>
– <hr>
<br />
</p> closing </p> is optional
• <tag_name attribute=value> text </tag_name>
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<a name="home"> This Is the Top </a>
<HR WIDTH=50% ALIGN='left' SIZE=12>
<HR WIDTH=50% ALIGN=center SIZE=3>
<HR WIDTH=100% ALIGN=left SIZE=6 NOSHADE>
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 24
Basic Elements of HTML Coding
• Basic Markup Tags
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Titles
Headings
Paragraphs
Lists
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Unnumbered Lists
Numbered Lists
Definition Lists
Nested Lists
– Preformatted Text: <pre>
– Extended Quotes
– Addresses
• Line Breaks
– Horizontal Rules <hr>
– <br> and <nobr>
• Character Formatting
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Physical Versus Logical: Use Logical Tags When Possible
Using Character Tags: <b> <i>
Special Characters
Escape Sequences
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
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HTML Tags: Document Structure
• <HTML></HTML>: start and end of HTML
document
• <HEAD></HEAD>: document meta-information
start and end
• <BODY></BODY>: content of document
displayed by the browser
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HTML & Web Publishing - 26
Headings: Level 1 to 6
<html>
<head>
<title>Headings </title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Heading 1 (Top Level)</h1>
<h2>Heading 2</h2>
<h3>Heading 3</h3>
<h4>Heading 4</h4>
<h5>Heading 5</h5>
<h6>Heading 6 (Bottom Level) </h6>
</body>
</html>
1. Xxxxx
dsfdsfdsf
2. sadsdsad
2.1 sadsad
2.2 ddddd
2.2.1 xxxx
3. sssss
• Don’t use the <h1>...<h6> to
manipulate your font size.
• Use <font> tag
• Use <big>Test</big> or
<small>Test</small>
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 27
Physical and Logical Styles in HTML
• If physical and logical styles produce the same result on the screen,
why are there both? It is because of the philosophy of SGML, which
can be summed in a Zen-like mantra: "Trust your browser.''
• In the ideal HTML universe, content is divorced from
presentation. Thus, HTML tags a level-one heading as a level-one
heading, but does not specify that the level-one heading should be
displayed.
• The advantage of this approach (it's similar in concept to style
sheets in many word processors) is that if you decide to change
level-one headings to be 20-point left-justified Helvetica, all you have
to do is change the definition of the level-one heading in the
presentation device (i.e., your World Wide Web browser) or cascading
style sheet (CSS).
• The other advantage of logical tags is that they help enforce
consistency in your documents. It's easier to tag something as <H1>
than to remember that level-one headings are 24-point bold Times or
whatever. The same is true for character styles. For example,
consider the <STRONG> tag. Most browsers render it in bold text.
However, it is possible that a reader would prefer that these sections
be displayed in red instead. Logical styles offer this flexibility.
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 28
Logical Styles
• <DFN>: for a word being defined. Typically displayed in italics.
(NCSA Mosaic is a World Wide Web browser.)
• <EM>: for emphasis. Typically displayed in italics. (Watch out for
pickpockets.)
• <CITE>: for titles of books, films, etc. Typically displayed in italics.
(A Beginner's Guide to HTML)
• <CODE>: for snippets of computer code. Displayed in a fixed-width
font. (The <stdio.h> header file)
• <KBD>: for user keyboard entry. Should be displayed in a bold
fixed-width font, but many browsers render it in the plain fixedwidth font. (Enter passwd to change your password.)
• <SAMP>: for computer status messages. Displayed in a fixed-width
font. (Segmentation fault: Core dumped.)
• <STRONG>: for strong emphasis. Typically displayed in bold.
(Important)
• <VAR>: for a "metasyntactic'' variable, where the user is to replace
the variable with a specific instance. Typically displayed in italics.
(rm filename deletes the file.)
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 29
Physical Styles
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<B>: bold text
<I>: italic text
<U>: Underline text (Don’t use it)
<TT>: typewriter text, e.g. fixed-width font
<PRE>: Use a non-proportional font to maintain the white
spaces, tabs, and carriage returns.
Examples:
• <b>Boldface</b>
• <PRE> This is
a tabbed
line </pre>
• Correct: <b> <i> Boldface and italic </i> </b>
• Incorrect: <i> <b> Boldface and italic </i> </b>
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 30
Logical and Physical Styles
<H3>Physical Styles</H3>
<I>Italic</I>
<BR><B>Bold</B>
<BR><U>Underline</U>
<BR><TT>Type writer font</TT>
<BR><B><I>Bold and Italic</I></B>
<BR><STRIKE>Strikethrough</STRIKE>
<BR><BLINK>Blink in Netscape Browser</BLINK>
<BR><marquee>Maruqee sign in Internet
Explorer</marquee>
<H3>Logical Styles</H3>
<SUB>Subscirpt</SUB> and
<SUP>Superscript</SUP>
<BR><em>emphasis</em>
<BR><strong>strong</strong>
<BR><TT>sample</TT>
<BR><code>code such as main() { }</code>
<BR><kbd>keyboard</kbd>
<BR><var>variable xyz, abc,</var>
<BR><cite>citation</cite>
<ADDRESS>
100 Main Street, Major City, MD 20817</ADDRESS>
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 31
Paragraph
• The browser ignores any indentations or blank lines in
the source text. HTML relies almost entirely on the tags
for formatting instructions, and without the <P> tags, the
document becomes one large paragraph.
• <p>...</p> The closing tag </p> is optional
• <p> Start a new paragraph
• <p align=center> HTML 3.0 feature
• <br> Force a line break
• <!-- This is a comment line -->
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<h1 align=center>...</h1>
<center>...</center>
<nobr> Do not wrap the enclosed text </nobr>
&nbsp; Force a space character
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 32
Paragraph: To Break or No To Break
<NOBR>This is a paragraph. Spaces, line breaks, empty lines do
not work in HTML documents.</NOBR> You need to use
line break tag &lt;br&gt;.&nbsp;
This line has a line break.
<BR>This line is followed by a horizontal line.
<HR>
<PRE>Another paragraph after <hr> the &lt;hr&gt;</PRE>
This is another paragraph with extra&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; space.
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 33
Horizontal Lines <HR>
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>Horizontal Line </TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<HR>
<!-- Netscape extensions -->
<HR WIDTH=50% ALIGN=left SIZE=12>
<HR WIDTH=50% ALIGN=center SIZE=3>
<HR WIDTH=100% ALIGN=left SIZE=6 NOSHADE>
</BODY>
</HTML>
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 34
Listing
• HTML supplies five list elements. With the exception of DL,
list elements are composed of one or more LI (list item)
elements. You can nest lists by inserting a UL, OL, etc.,
inside a list item (LI).
• Five list types:
– OL: ordered list. Items in this list are numbered automatically by
the browser. The numbering will reflect nesting levels.
– UL: unordered list. Items in this list start with a list mark such as a
bullet. Browsers will usually change the list mark in nested lists.
– MENU: menu list. This is an unordered list. Each LI element in this
kind of list should be no longer than one line.
– DIR: directory list. This is an unordered list. Each LI element in this
kind of list should be no longer than 24 characters.
– DL: list of definitions. This is an unordered list. This kind of list is
different from the others. Each `item' in a DL consists of one or
more terms (DT elements), followed by definitions (DD elements).
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 35
Unordered Lists: <UL>, <LI>, </UL>
<html>
<head>
• <UL>...</UL> Netscape Extended Attribute:
<title>Listing </title>
• TYPE="..." DISC, CIRCLE, SQUARE
</head>
<body>
• <UL TYPE="SQUARE"> …. </UL>
<p>
<h3>A Simple Unordered List</h3>
<ul>
<li>First item
<li>Second Item
</ul>
<h3>Multiple Level &amp; Unordered List</h3>
<ul>
<li>Level 1
<ul>
<li>Level 1.1
<li>Level 1.2
</ul>
<li>Level 2
<ul>
<li>Level 2.1
<li>Level 2.2
</ul>
</ul>
</body>
</html>
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 36
Ordered Lists: <OL>, <LI>, </OL>
<html>
<head>
• <OL>...</OL> Netscape Extended Attributes:
<title>Ordered Listing </title>
• TYPE="..." A, a, I, i, 1
</head>
<body>
• Start="2" The value to start the list with
<p>
<h3>A Simple Ordered List</h3> • e.g., <OL type="A" start="3"> <li> … <li> … </OL>
<ol>
<li>First item
<li>Second Item
</ol>
<h3>Multiple Level &amp; Ordered List</h3>
<ol>
<li>Level 1
<ol>
<li>Level 1.1
<li>Level 1.2
</ol>
<li>Level 2
<ol>
<li>Level 2.1
<li>Level 2.2
</ol>
<li>Mixing order and unorder list
<ul>
<li>Level 3.1
<li>Level 3.2
</ul>
</ol>
</body>
</html>
HTML & Web Publishing - 37
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
Menu List: <menu> <li> <\menu>
<html>
<head>
<title>Menu </title>
</head>
<body>
<p>
<h3>A Simple Menu</h3>
<menu>
<li>First menu item
<li>Second menu item
</menu>
<h3>Multiple Level Menu</h3>
<menu>
<li>Level 1
<menu>
<li>Level 1.1
<li>Level 1.2
</menu>
<li>Level 2
<menu>
<li>Level 2.1
<li>Level 2.2
</menu>
</menu>
</body>
</html>
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 38
Glossary: <DL>, <DT>, <DD> </DL>
<html>
<head>
<title>Glossary </title>
</head>
<body>
<p>
<h3>WWW Glossary</h3>
<dl>
<dt> HTML
<dd> HyperText Markup Language. HTML is a
markup language that is used to define web
pages.
<dt> URL
<dd> Uniform Resource Locator. URL is used to
locate (specify the address) a document (or
resource) on the WWW.
<dt> WWW
<dd> World Wide Web. An Internet-based
networked hypertext system.
</dl>
</body>
</html>
DL: Definition List
DT: Definition Term
DD: Definition Description
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 39
Special Characters
• There are four characters that have special
meanings in HTML. When you want to use
them, you need to have a special sequence pf
characters (escape sequence) to represent
them.
• These four characters are:
< (the left angle bracket)
> (the right angle bracket)
& (ampersand)
" (quotation marks)
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 40
Escape Sequences
• HTML includes character combinations, called escape
sequences, to represent these characters in an HTML
document, They are:
&lt; (the escape sequence for <)
&gt; (the escape sequence for >)
&amp; (the escape sequence for &)
&quot; (the escape sequence for “)
&nbsp; (the escape sequence for space character)
• To display <HR> as it is in an HTML document, you
should write it in the following two ways:
– &lt;HR&gt;
– <xmp><HR></xmp>
• Note: It is important to note that escape sequence are
case-sensitive , unlike all other HTML tags.
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 41
More Escape Sequences
• There are many more escape sequences for non-ASCII
characters. Some of the more common ones are:
&ouml; (the escape sequence for a lowercase o with an
umlaut, ö)
&ntild; (the escape sequence for lowercase n with a title;
ñ)
&Egrave; (the escape sequence for an uppercase E with
a grave accent; è)
&copy; (Netscape extension for ©)
&reg; (Netscape extension for ®)
• Reference for special characters:
http://hotwired.lycos.com/webmonkey/reference/special_characters/
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 42
Document Meta Tags
• <TITLE></TITLE>: document title; goes in <HEAD>
session.
• <BASE href="URL">: base reference, the full URL
of the current document; goes in HEAD
<HTML><HEAD>
<META HTTP-EQUIV="Content-Type" CONTENT="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
<META NAME="Author" CONTENT="Minder Chen">
<META NAME="GENERATOR" CONTENT="Mozilla/4.03 [en] [Netscape]">
<META NAME="Keywords" CONTENT="HTML, hypertext, aitc">
<META NAME="description" CONTENT="HTML tutorial for everyone">
<TITLE>test</TITLE></HEAD>
For traditional Chinese:
<META http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=big5" >
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 43
Exercise: Contact Page contact.htm
<html><head><title>AITC Contact Information</title></head>
<body>
<b>[ Home | Profile | Product | Contact | Resource ]</b>
<h1>AITC Contacts</h1>
<ul>
<li>Minder Chen
<li>Bruce Johnson
<li>Robert Smith
</ul>
<hr size=6>
Minder Chen<br>
703-334-4566<br>
<p>
Bruce Johnson<br>
703-334-4577<br>
<p>
Robert Smith<br>
703-334-5555<br>
<p><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>
</body></html>
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 44
Hypertext and Links
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Introduction to hypertext
Intra-document Links and Anchors
Inter-document Links
URL
Images and Inline image
Image links
Image map
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 45
Introduction to Hypertext
• Definition of hypertext: "A combination of natural language text with the
computer's capacity for interactive branching, or dynamic display... of a
nonlinear text." -- Ted Nelson
• The idea of hypertext system can be traced back to Vannevar Bush,
President Roosevelt's Sciences Advisor, 1945 article "As We May Think"
in which he described the idea of mechanize the scientific literature
system.
• Now hypertext really means hypermedia that include not just text, but
also audio, graphic, video, etc.
• Hypertext documents on WWW usually are stored in a special format
called HTML, stands for HyperText Markup Language.
• A window will be used to view part of the hypertext document retrieved.
• On your Netscape Browser, the underlying HTML link to another Web
document will be displayed at the message bar when you move mouse
pointer over a link.
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 46
Intra-document (Internal) Hypertext Links
Intra-document hyperlink links
Table of contents
Section 1: aaa
Section 2: bbb
Section 3: ccc
Viewing area
of the
document
Section 1: aaa
This is section 1
...
Back to the Table of Content
Section 2: bbb
This is section 2
...
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 47
Inter-document (External) Hypertext Links
Document1
...
Link to document 2
...
Document2
...
...
Link to Section D of Doc3
...
...
ABCD
an image map link
an image link
Toolbox Document
Hammer
...
Screw Driver
....
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
Document2
...
...
Section D
...
...
Link to Document1
...
...
HTML & Web Publishing - 48
Hypertext Links
• A hypertext link is a pointer pointing to another
document or another part of the current document.
• These linked documents can be on the same WWW
server or on WWW servers distributed globally.
• Hypertext links are represented as a purple color and
underlined texts, or as a graphic object (inline graphics).
When you move the mouse cursor over a hypertext link,
the mouse cursor will change from a pointer to a
pointing hand.
• You may use Image Maps such that different parts of the
graphic representing links to different documents.
Anchor:
<a name="anchor"></a>
Hyperlink:
<a href="URL#anchor">Hot words</a>
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 49
Linking and Anchoring
x.htm
<html>
…
<body>
…
<a href="y.htm">Top of y</a>
…
…
<a href="y.htm#sec2">
Section 2 of y</a>
…
</body>
</htm>
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
y.htm
<html>
…
<body>
<h1>Section 1</h1>
…
<a href="#sec2">
Go to Section 2</a>
…
…
<a name="sec2"></a>
<h1>Section 2<h1>
…
</body>
</htm>
HTML & Web Publishing - 50
Example: Internal Link
<ul>
<li> <a href="#minder">Minder Chen</a>
<li>Bob Johnson
</ul>
<a name="minder"></a>Minder Chen<br>
703-999-8888<br>
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 51
External Link Using Relative URL
index.htm
Contact <a href="contact.htm#johnson">Bruce Johnson</a> for
web problems.
contact.htm
<a name=" johnson "></a>
Bruce Johnson<br>
703-334-4577<br>
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 52
Contact.htm
<html><head><title>AITC Contact Information</title></head>
<body><a name="top"><a><h1>AITC Contacts</h1>
<ul>
<li><a href="#chen">Minder Chen</a>
<li><a href="#johnson">Bruce Johnson</a>
<li><a href="#smith">Robert Smith</a>
</ul>
<hr width=6>
<a name="chen"></a>
Minder Chen<br>
703-334-4566<br>
[ <a href="#top">Index </a>]
<p>
<a name="johnson"></a>
Bruce Johnson<br>
703-334-4577<br>
[ <a href="#top">Index </a>]
<p>
<a name="smith"></a>
Robert Smith<br>
703-334-5555<br>
[ <a href="#top">Index </a>]
<p><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>
</body></html>
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 53
Netscape Communicator (Composer)
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 54
Defining a Link in Netscape Composer
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 55
Use a Relative URL
• Examples:
– <a href="http://www.aitc.com/~mchen/fileX.htm"> Another file in the
same directory</a>
– Can be written as <a href="fileX.htm">Another file in the same
directory</a>
– <a href="subdir/fileY.htm">Another file in the subdirectory under
current document's directory</a>
• Reasons to use relative URLs
– Less typing is required to enter them.
– If you move all the files to a different location but keep the same
directory structure you don't have to revise the URLs.
– The same file referred to by a relative URL can be accessed by
different schemes (for example both 'http' and 'ftp').
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 56
Document Directory Structure
Web document root
y.htm (in the html folder)
<a href="/html/y.htm">Root relative path</a>
<a href="../y.htm">Document relative path</a>
x.htm (<a href="x.htm">in the same folder</a>)
10_link.htm (Current Document)
10_test.htm (<a href="webpub/10_test.htm"></a>)
oracle.htm (<a href="../../nvcc/oracle.htm"></a>
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 57
Relative URL
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 58
Links Between Documents
<html>
<head> <title>Links with Relative URLs </title> </head>
<body>
<h2>Links with Relative URLs</a></h2>
<h3>Links to another file on the same web site and in the same directory </h3>
<ul>
<li>Go to another document in the same directory
<ul>
<li><a href="10_link.htm">Go to the Anchors and Hyperlinks</a> <br>
<li><xmp><a href="10_link.htm">Go to the Anchors and Hyperlinks</a> <br></xmp>
</ul>
<li>Go to an anchor of another document in the same directory
<ul>
<li><a href="10_link.htm#section2">Go to Section 2 of the Anchors and Hyperlinks</a> <br>
<li><xmp><a href="10_link.htm#section2">Go to the Section 2 of the Anchors and Hyperlinks</a>
<br></xmp>
</ul>
</ul>
<h3>Links to another file on the same web site but in a different directory </h3>
<ul>
<li>Go to a document in a subdirectory directory of the current directory
<ul>
<li><a href="webpub/10_test.htm">Go to a 10_test.htm in the subdirectory /webpub under /tutor </a>
<li><xmp><a href="webpub/10_test.htm">Go to 10_test.htm </a></xmp> in a subdirectory webpub
under /tutor
</ul>
<li>Go to a document in a different directory
<ul>
<li><a href="../../nvcc/oracle.htm">Go to Oracle training</a>
<li><xmp><a href="../../nvcc/oracle.htm">Go to Oracle training</a> </xmp>
</ul>
</ul>
</body>
</html>
HTML & Web Publishing - 59
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
Creating Links from Bookmarks in Netscape Composer
Drag-and-drop a
bookmark item
into the HTML
document in the
editing mode.
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 60
URL: Uniform Resource Locator
• Uniform Resource Locator: A standard method of
identifying any document or resource on the Internet.
• The port number can generally be omitted. The default
http port name is 80. Unless someone tells you
otherwise, leave it out.
• In http, if filename is omitted, a default file such as
index.html may be retrieved.
– http://www.aitc.com/mydoc/
– http://www.aitc.com:80/mydoc/index.html
• Directory path name may be case sensitive.
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 61
Resource Types
• Resource types:
– http: A file on a World Wide Web server
– ftp: A file on an anonymous FTP server
– mailto: Send an e-mail to an e-mail address
– file: A file on your local system
– gopher: A file on a Gopher server
– WAIS: A file on a WAIS server
– news: An Usenet newsgroup
– telnet: A connection to a Telnet-based service
• More examples:
–
–
–
–
–
ftp://ftp.ncsa.uiuc.edu/Web
gopher:make.up.something
news:comp.databases.oracle
mailto:[email protected]
telnet://osf1.gmu.edu
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
Send an email ([email protected]) to
<a href="mailto:[email protected]">
Minder Chen</a>
HTML & Web Publishing - 62
Defining Absolute Hyperlinks: <a href="URL"> Hot words </a>
<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>Hyperlinks to other web sites</TITLE></HEAD><BODY>
<H2>Using Absolute URLs </H2>
<P>Absolute URLs are used to define links to resources on other web sites.
</P>
<UL>
<LI><A href="http://www.aitc.com/~mchen/justin/spelling.htm#week1">Justin's
first week's spelling </A> <br>
<LI><A href="http://www.yahoo.com/">Yahoo Directory</A><br>
<LI><a href="ftp://ftp.sausage.com/download.zip">Download hotdog HTML editor
software</a><br>
</UL></BODY></HTML>
<BASE href="URL">
Set the absolute URL against
which all other relative URLs are
resolved.
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 63
Include Inline Images
<HTML><HEAD>
<TITLE>Image </TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<H2>Include images in your HTML documents:<xmp><IMG SRC="image.gif"></xmp></H2>
<IMG SRC="money.gif"> How to make money on WWW? <br>
<IMG SRC="phone.gif" ALIGN=TOP> Call us!
<IMG SRC="phone.gif" ALIGN=MIDDLE> Call us!
<IMG SRC="phone.gif" ALIGN=BOTTOM> Call us! <br>
<IMG SRC="phone.gif" ALT="[an image of phone]"> Call us!
</BODY></HTML>
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 64
ALIGN
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 65
Download Image Files
Click right mouse button on top of an image in a web page
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 66
Example
Small Lion:
<img src="http://www.erols.com/aitc/slion.gif"><br>
Big Lion:
<img src="http://www.erols.com/aitc/blion.gif"><br>
Hot image using a thumb nail image to link to a larger image:
<a href="http://www.erols.com/aitc/blion.gif">
<img src="http://www.erols.com/aitc/slion.gif">
</a>
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 67
Netscape Composer: Defining IMG Tag’s Attributes
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 68
<img> syntax
• <img src="slion.gif" align=left> Text float
around the image that is placed on the left.
• <img src="slion.gif" align=right>
• <br clear="all | left | right | none">
– Break the floating text.
– Clear="left": The next line begins at the nearest line at
either margin following any floating objects.
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 69
Defining Image Link in Netscape Composer
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 70
Using IMG Tag
Advanced IMG Tag Attributes:
<IMG SRC="nvcclogo.gif"
LOWSRC="low_resolution.gif"
ALT="NVCC Logo"
BORDER=0
HEIGHT=32 WIDTH=32
ALIGN=LEFT>
Image Link:
<A HREF="http://www.aitc.com/">
<IMG SRC="AITCLOGO.gif"></A>
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 71
Image File Types
• GIF (pronounced as jiff): Graphics Interchange Format.
Limited to 256 colors. Unisys owns the copyright of the
LZW compression algorithm.
– GIF87
– GIF89a supports transparency and interlacing
– Animated GIF: Use tools such as Microsoft GIF Animator at
http://www.microsoft.com/imagecomposer/
• JPEG (pronounced jay-peg): Joint Photographic Experts
Images. Good for photographic images.
• Use thumbnail for big image file.
• Use interlacing for big files.
• Cut down number of colors used to reduce file size. 8
bit/pixel resolution is 256 colors.
• Max 5 seconds download time per page.
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 72
Examples of Using Images
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 73
HTML Code
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>Find and Use Images and Icons</TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<a href="http://www.yahoo.com/computers/multimedia/pictures/clip_art/">
Clip art collection on Yahoo</a> <br>
<img src="left.gif">
<img src="right.gif">
<img src="down.gif">
<img src="up.gif">
<img src="top.gif">
<img src="eyes.gif"> <br>
<img src="ball2blue.gif"> Go back to where you are! <img src="goback.gif">
<br>
<img src="ball2blue.gif"> Money grows! <img src="money1.gif"> <br>
<img src="ball2blue.gif"> Using thumbnail
<a href="nailbig.gif"><img src="nailsmll.gif">with Interlace </a><br>
<img src="ball2blue.gif"> Using thumbnail
<a href="nailbig2.gif"><img src="nailsmll.gif"> Without
interlace</a><br>
</BODY>
</HTML>
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 74
Link to an External Image File
• Text link to an external image file
<a href="nailbig.gif"> Go to nail</a>
• A thumbnail image link to an external image file
<a href="nailbig.gif"><img src="nailsmll.gif"></a>
• Both thumbnail image link and text link to an external
image file
<a href="nailbig.gif"><img src="nailsmll.gif">Go to nail</a>
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 75
Graphic and Image Tools
• Shareware product: Paint Shop Pro for Windows 95/NT 4.0
from JASC, Inc. at http://www.jasc.com/pspdl.html
– Resizing
– File format conversion
• Use tools such as Adobe Illustrator for more complicated
drawings (www.adobe.com)
• Adobe Photoshop has been the definitive application for
digital image enhancement, retouching, and photo
composition and it is also the de facto standard for
preparing images for the World Wide Web.
• Hardware: Scanner, Digital Camera, or Video capturing
system
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 76
Tables: <TABLE > </TABLE>
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE> Tables </TITLE>
</HEAD>
<H3>Tables </H3>
<BODY>
A basic table that has three columns and two rows.
<TABLE BORDER>
<TR> <TD>A</TD> <TD>B</TD> <TD>C</TD> </TR>
<TR> <TD>D</TD> <TD>E</TD> <TD>F</TD> </TR>
</TABLE>
</BODY>
</HTML>
• TD: Table Data
• TR: Table Row
• TH: Table Header (Header Cell)
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 77
Product.htm
<HTML><HEAD><TITLE> AITC Products </TITLE></HEAD>
<BODY>Product Table
<TABLE BORDER=3>
<TR><TH>ID</TH> <TH width=150>Name</TH> <TH >Price</TH> <TH>Comment</TH></TR>
<TR><TD>PC100</TD><TD>Compaq Computer</TD><TD align=right>$2,000</TD>
<TD><a href="http://www.compaq.com/">Compaq's Web Site</a></TD> </TR>
<TR> <TD>TV25</TD> <TD>25 " Sony TV</TD> <TD align=right>$300</TD>
<TD>&nbsp;</TD> </TR>
<TR valign=top> <TD>Pet001</TD> <TD>Little Lion</TD> <TD>$50</TD>
<TD><img src="slion.gif"></TD> </TR>
<TR><TD colspan=4>10% discount off the list price today</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
</BODY></HTML>
• TH: Table Header (Header Cell)
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 78
Editing a Table in Netscape Composer
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 79
New Table Creation
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 80
Netscape Composer: Cell Properties
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 81
More Table Examples
<HTML><HEAD><TITLE> Tables </TITLE></HEAD>
<BODY>
<H3>Tables </H3>
<TABLE BORDER>
<CAPTION ALIGN=top>Table 1. WWW Course Grade Analysis</CAPTION>
<TR><TH ROWSPAN=2></TH><TH ></TH>
<TH COLSPAN=2>Degree</TH>
</TR>
<TR><TH></TH> <TH>MBA</TH><TH>Others</TH></TR>
<TR><TH ROWSPAN=2>Gender</TH>
<TH>Males</TH><TD>3.5</TD><TD>3.1</TD>
</TR>
<TR><TH>Females</TH><TD>3.6</TD><TD>3.4</TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
</BODY></HTML>
<caption align="top | bottom | left | right">
Immediately following the table opening tag.
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 82
External Sounds and Animation
• If you want to do the animation, video and
audio, you need other multimedia applications
development tools.
• You can use your own favorite applications
tools to design your own graphics , audio,
videos and so on by giving proper file
extension.
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 83
Common MIME File Types for Multimedia Documents
• The Netscape browser will be able to recognize
the file followed by these extensions
–
–
–
–
–
–
AIFF sound
JPEG graphic
MPEG movie
PostScript document
QuickTime movie
WAVE sound
.au
.jpeg or .jpg
.mpeg or .mpg
.ps
.mov
.wav
AIFF: Audio Interchange File Format
MPEG: Moving Picture Experts Group
5-seconds of audio
Size
Format
36KB
WAV
4KB
RealAudio 14.4
8KB
RealAudio 28.8
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 84
Configure Your Browser for Viewing Multimedia Documents
• In Netscape: General Preferences|Helpers
• Use the General Helpers preferences panel to create or
reconfigure how a file's format maps to a external helper
application.
• Netscape has the built-in capability to interpret and display
several formats, including the HTML format used by HTTP
servers.
• Helper applications are used by Netscape to interpret files
that it has retrieved but is unable to read.
• You can designate MIME file types (a method of
differentiating file formats using a suffix appended to a file
name), helper applications and their associated actions.
• When you display the Helpers general preferences panel,
you see a scrolling text field that lists the file formats and
helper applications available to Netscape.
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 85
Define Helper Apps: Edit / Preferences...
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 86
Linking to External Multimedia Files
Point to site to download the
required helper application
Specify File Size Explicitly
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 87
HTML Code
<html>
<head>
<title>777 Virtual Tour</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>777 Virtual Tour</h1>
<img src="/gif/777.gif">
<p>
In order to take the virtual tour of the 777, you'll need QuickTime VR software on
your computer. Click here to retrieve <a
href="http://qtvr.quicktime.apple.com/">QuickTime VR</a> and instructions on
how to load it onto your machine. Then come back and take the tour!
<p>
<ul>
<li><a href="/qtvr/777fd.mov">Tour the flight deck of the 777</a>. (155K)
<li><a href="/qtvr/777in.mov">Tour the spacious first class interior of the 777</a>.
(155k)
Correct
</ul>
File Type
<hr>
</body></html>
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 88
Using <object> Tag for Multimedia Objects
<embed src="test.mpg">
Demo of a movie
</embed>
HTML 4.0
<html><head>
<title>MPEG Video</title></head>
<body>
<object
data="test.mpg" type="video/mpeg">
Demo of a movie</object>
</body></html>
<html><head><title>MPEG Video</title>
</head><body>
<a href="test.mpg">Demo of a movie<a>
<embed src="test.mpg" HEIGHT=300
WIDTH=200> Demo of a movie </embed>
</body></html>
Test.mpg can be found at http://www.erols.com/aitc/html/test.mpg
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 89
Forms
• Support interactive
applications: Guest
Books, User
Survey, Online
Shopping, etc.
• Need to use CGI
scripts to process
form inputs
• No local input data
validation: clientside scripting
using VB Script or
JavaScript may
allow you to
perform local input
data validation
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 90
Profile.htm: First Version
<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>Form</TITLE>
</HEAD><BODY><H1> Guest Book </H1>
<FORM
ACTION="http:// 65.168.115.6 /asp/formtest.asp"
METHOD="POST">
Name: <INPUT TYPE="text" NAME="GuestName"
MAXLENGTH="30"> <BR>
<INPUT TYPE="submit" VALUE="Submit profile">
<INPUT TYPE="reset" VALUE="Reset profile">
</FORM></BODY></HTML>
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 91
Sample Form HTML Page
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 92
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
Server-side script
Web Server
Web Browser
Using Server-Side Script to Process User Inputs via Form
HTML & Web Publishing - 93
Form Elements
• The Form tag:
– <FORM ACTION="URL">… form elements … </FORM>
• Form tag attributes:
– ACTION
– METHOD:
• GET: default, fill-out form contents are appended to the URL.
• POST: Fill-out form contents are sent to the server in a data
body.
• Form elements tags:
– INPUT tag: specify a simple input element inside a
form.
– SELECT tag: List box or dropdown list box
– TEXTAREA tag: Multiple line text box input
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 94
INPUT Tag
• Example:
– Last Name: <INPUT TYPE="text" NAME="LastName" SIZE=20>
• TYPE
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
TEXT: Single line text box
PASSWORD: Password entry
CHECKBOX: Check box
RADIO: Radio button
HIDDEN: Hidden field sends a variable and a value
SUBMIT: Submit button
RESET: Reset button
• NAME: required for all form elements other than SUBMIT
and RESET buttons
• VALUE: default value for textbox; label for submit and
reset buttons
• CHECKED: Apply to Check box and Radio button
• SIZE: Size of the Text box.
• MAXLENGTH: Maximum number of characters acceptable
in a textbox
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 95
Profile.htm: HTML Source
<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>Form</TITLE></HEAD><BODY>
<H1> Customer Registration </H1>
<FORM ACTION="http://65.168.115.6/asp/formtest.asp"
METHOD="POST">
Name: <INPUT TYPE="text" NAME="GuestName" MAXLENGTH="30">
<BR>
<INPUT TYPE="checkbox" NAME="KnowHTML" VALUE="on"
CHECKED>I know HTML <BR>
How would you like to receive information from in the future?<BR>
<INPUT TYPE="radio" NAME="media" VALUE="em" CHECKED>
By Electronic Mail <BR>
<INPUT TYPE="radio" NAME="media" VALUE="fx">By Fax<BR>
<INPUT TYPE="radio" NAME="media" VALUE="po">
By Postal Mail<BR>
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 96
Continue…
Choose Your Favorite Color:
<SELECT NAME="Color" SIZE="1">
<OPTION value="B">Blue
<OPTION>Red
<OPTION value="G" SELECTED>Green
<OPTION value="BR">Brown
<OPTION value="Y">Yellow</SELECT> <BR>
Enter your comment here: <TEXTAREA NAME="comment"
ROWS="3"></TEXTAREA><BR>
<INPUT TYPE="submit" VALUE="Submit profile">
<INPUT TYPE="reset" VALUE="Reset profile"> <br>
<INPUT TYPE="image" SRC="slion.gif">
</FORM>
</BODY></HTML>
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 97
Send Form Data to an E-Mail Account
<form method=POST
action="mailto:[email protected]?subject=Customer request"
ENCTYPE="text/plain">
Name: <input type="text" name="customer"><br>
E-mail: <input type="text" name="email"><br>
Interests: <input type="text" name="interest"><br>
<input type="submit">
</form>
Note:
Your browser needs to be set up
to support email function.
Without the ENCTYPE attribute, you will be receiving the following message:
customer=Minder+Chen&[email protected]&interest=running+chi-kung+%24
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 98
HTML Extensions
•
•
•
•
Client Pull
Font size
Background color
Image-Tiled Background
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 99
Client Pull Using the META Tag
Have to be in
the Header
section
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>This is the first slide</TITLE>
<META HTTP-EQUIV="REFRESH" CONTENT="4;
URL=REFRESH2.HTM">
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<A HREF="refresh2.html">Next</A></P>
<H1>This is the first slide</H1>
<P>Hello </P>
</BODY></HTML>
<META HTTP-EQUIV="REFRESH" CONTENT="4”>
Refresh the same page every 4 seconds.
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 100
Preventing a Document From Being Cached
• You can prevent a document from being cached by
adding the following META tag to the document.
<META HTTP-EQUIV="Expires" CONTENT="0">
• Preventing the document from being cached
ensures that a fresh copy of the document will
always be retrieved from the site, even during the
user's current session, regardless of how the user
has set the browser's caching options. This is useful
if the content of the document changes frequently.
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 101
BGCOLOR
<HTML><HEAD>
<TITLE>This is the second slide</TITLE>
<META HTTP-EQUIV="REFRESH" CONTENT="4; URL=REFRESH3.HTM">
</HEAD>
<BODY BGCOLOR=#FFFF00>
<P><A HREF="refresh1.html">Previous</A> <A
HREF="refresh1.html">Top</A> <A HREF="refresh3.html">Next</A></P>
<H1>This is the second slide</H1>
<P><FONT size=+2> world! </FONT></P>
</BODY></HTML>
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 102
RGB Color
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Red Green Blue (RGB)
Red: #00 No red <---> #FF bright red
#000000: White
#FFFFFF: Black
<body bgcolor="#FFFF00">
<body bgcolor="magenta">
<body bgcolor="blue4"> Netscape only
• blue1 (=blue), blue2, blue3, blue4 (from light to dark)
• Color related attributes such as BGCOLOR
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 103
Color Name
• http://www.lynda.com
• Follow the web color link for RGB values of web safe color
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 104
<font> and <basefont>
<basefont size=7>This
<font size=-1>is
<font size=-2>getting
<font size=-3>smaller
<font size=3>and this is normal.
<font color="#FFFF00" face="Arial, Helvetica,
sans-serif" size=7>Try me </font>
You can increase the <font size=+2> size </font>
of the text’s font.
• Face: Internet Explorer only
• Default basefont size is 3
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 105
Image-Tiled Background
<HTML><HEAD>
<TITLE>This is the third slide</TITLE>
<BODY BACKGROUND="tile.gif"
bgproperties="fixed">
<P><A HREF="refresh2.htm2">Previous</A>
<A HREF="refresh1.html">Top</A></P>
<H1>This is the third slide</H1>
<P><FONT size=7> Minder! </FONT></P>
</BODY></HTML>
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 106
Format / Page Colors and Properties
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 107
Using Background Color and Table Together
http://www.erols.com/aitc/html/bgc.gif
<BODY BACKGROUND="bgc.gif">
<TABLE COLS=2 WIDTH="100%" >
<TR VALIGN=TOP>
<TD WIDTH="120"> 1st column </TD>
<TD>2nd column</TD>
</TR></TABLE>
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 108
A Simple Example of Frame
<HTML><HEAD>
<TITLE>The Frame Sampler</TITLE>
</HEAD>
<frameset cols="20%,80%">
<frame src="a.htm">
<frame src="e.htm" name="e_frame" scrolling=YES>
</frameset></html>
http://home.netscape.com/assist/net_sites/frames.html
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 109
An Example of Frame
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 110
HTML Code
<HTML><HEAD>
<TITLE>The Frame Sampler</TITLE>
</HEAD>
<frameset rows="50%,50%">
<frameset cols="33%,33%,33%">
<frame src="a.htm">
<frame src="b.htm">
<frame src="c.htm">
</frameset>
<frameset cols="33%,33%,33%">
<frame src="d.htm">
<frame src="e.htm">
<frame src="f.htm" name="f_frame" scrolling=YES>
</frameset> If you want another link to go to this named frame, you
</frameset> write the link as: <A HREF="http://www.aitc.com/test.htm"
TARGET="f_frame">link</A>
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 111
E.HTM Source
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>E.HTM </h1>
<p>This is a test of the Frame. <a HREF="f.htm">
A Link to Frame F in F.HTM </a></p>
</body>
</html>
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 112
Uses for Frames
• The Backward and Forward navigation tools in
the web browser don't work under frames.
• Elements that the user should always see
–
–
–
–
Title graphics
Copyright notices
Control bars
Table of contents
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 113
Exercise
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 114
Book.htm
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>Book</TITLE>
</HEAD>
<FRAMESET ROWS="30%,70%">
<FRAME SRC="aitc.htm" SCROLLING="No" NORESIZE>
<FRAMESET COLS="38%,62%">
<FRAME SRC="toc.htm" NORESIZE>
<FRAME SRC="chap1.htm" NAME="chapter_fr">
</FRAMESET>
</FRAMESET>
<NOFRAMES>
<BODY>
<P>You need a browser that supports frame to view this page
</BODY>
</NOFRAMES>
</HTML>
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 115
aitc.htm
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>AITC Web Site </TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<h1>AITC Web Site</h1>
</BODY>
</HTML>
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 116
toc.htm
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>Table of Contents </TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<UL>
<LI> <A HREF="chap1.htm" TARGET="chapter_fr">Chapter 1</A>
<LI><A HREF="chap2.htm" TARGET="chapter_fr">Chapter 2</A>
<LI><A HREF="chap3.htm" TARGET="chapter_fr">Chapter 3</A>
</UL>
Use the
<P>
<BASE target="chapter_fr">
</BODY>
in the head section to define default target frame.
</HTML>
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 117
Chap1.htm
<HTML>
<HEAD><TITLE>Created With HTML Assistant Pro - 10/2/96</TITLE></HEAD>
<BODY>
<font size=+2>This is chapter 1</font>
<A HREF="chap2.htm">Go to chapter 2</A>
<br>
<a href="chap2.htm" target="_blank">
Document opens in a new unnamed window </a><br>
<a href="chap2.htm" target="_parent">
Document opens in the immediate FRAMESET parent of the current frame. </a><br>
<a href="chap2.htm" target="_self">
Document opened in the same frame as the originating link </a><br>
<a href="chap2.htm" target="_top">
Document opens in the full original window. </a><br>
</BODY>
</HTML>
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 118
Chap2.htm
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>Chapter 2</TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<P>
This is chapter 2
<P>
<A HREF="chap3.htm">Go to chapter 3</A>
</BODY></HTML>
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 119
<frameset> and </frameset>
• This is the main container for a Frame. It has 2
attributes: ROWS and COLS.
• A frame document has no <BODY> tag, and no
tags that would normally be placed in the BODY
can appear before the FRAMESET tag, or the
FRAMESET will be ignored.
• The FRAMESET tag has a matching end tag, and
within the FRAMESET you can only have other
nested FRAMESET tags, FRAME tags, or the
NOFRAMES tag.
• FRAMESET attributes include:
– ROWS="row_height_value_list"
– COLS="column_width_list"
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 120
<frame> </frame>
•
•
•
•
Load information independent of other frames
Can be given a target name
Can resize dynamically
This <frame> tag defines a single frame in a
frameset.
• It has 6 possible attributes:
– SRC: The URL of the document to be displayed.
– NAME: This is used to assign a name to a frame so that it can be
targeted by other links.
– MARGINWIDTH: The left and right margin from the boundary of the
frame to the document and the value is in pixels.
– MARGINHEIGHT: The upper and lower margins
– SCROLLING: yes | no | auto
– NORESIZE: Make the frame nonresizable. Frames are resizable by
default.
– FRAMEBORDER: yes | no
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 121
One More Example
<frameset rows="66%,33%">
<!--- Divide into 2 rows ---!>
<frameset cols="33%,33%,33%"> <!--- Row 1: make 3 columns ----!>
<frame src="A.html">
<!--- Column 1: A ---!>
<frameset rows="50%,50%">
<!---Column 2: Divide into 2 rows: 1A and 1B---!>
<frame src="B.html">
<!--- Column 2: Row 1A: B ---!>
<frame src="D.html">
<!--- Column 2: Row 1B: D---!>
</frameset>
<frameset rows="50%,50%">
<!--- Column 3: Divide into 2 rows: 1A and 1B---!>
<frame src="C.html">
<!--- Column 3: Row 1A: C ---!>
<frame src="E.html">
<!--- Column 3: Row 1B: E ---!>
</frameset>
</frameset>
<!--- Close up Row 1 ---!>
<frameset cols="33%,66%">
<!--- Row 2: make 2 columns ----!>
<frame src="F.html">
<!--- Column 1: F ---!>
<frame src="G.html">
<!--- Column 2: G ---!>
</frameset>
</frameset>
HTML & Web Publishing - 122
©
Minder Chen, 1996-2002
<FRAMESET ROWS="value_list" COLS="value_list"></FRAMESET>
• A frame's window space can be divided into rows and
columns.
• ROWS="value_list": This is a comma separated list of
values. These values can be expressed in an absolute
number of pixels, as a percentage (between 1 and 100)
or as relative scaling values.
• Percentage: <FRAMESET ROWS="20%,60%,20%">
• Pixels: <FRAMESET ROWS="100,500,100">; You'll almost certainly
want to use these values in combination with other percentage
based or relative values.
• Relative scaling: <FRAMESET ROWS="50, 2*, *">; This is a mix of
fixed and relative values. In this case the first ROW is 50 pixels
wide. The other two rows are divide the remaining space. A single
"*" means that the frame gets all of the remaining space. When
more than one "*" appear, you can give them relative portions of the
remaining space. In this case, the second row gets 2/3 of the
remaining space and the third row gets 1/3 of the remaining space.
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 123
Setting Up Your Home Page on the Server
• Get an account such as [email protected] on the
computer where web server is.
• Make your directory world-executable (don't forget the
trailing space & period) at the system prompt.
– chmod a+x .
• Create an directory in your account as follows:
– mkdir public_html
– chmod a+rx public_html
• Change into this new directory.
– cd public_html
• Create an HTML file index.html and make the file world
readable:
– chmod a+r index.html
• index.html is the default file name in a directory
• Invoke a WWW browser to see what you have created!
• Use URL: http://mason.gmu.edu/~mchen
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 124
File Transfer Protocol: ftp
• http://www.ipswitch.com/cgi/download_eval.pl?product=WL-1000
• http://www.ftpplanet.com/
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 125
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 126
Free Web Hosting
• Start New Sites: You may want to start new sites
for different subjects you want to cover. You can
then submit your new sites and link the sites
together to share the traffic. Here are places
where you can get free sites:
– Tripod : http://www.tripod.com
– Angelfire : http://www.angelfire.com/
– Geocities : http://www.geocities.com/
HTML spell checking: http://www.netmechanic.com/
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 127
Build Own Web Site Vs. Pay Hosting Service
PROS
CONS
Build Your Own Web Site:
. Full control over contents.
. Easy to gather information
. Set up expenses plus monthly
from visitors via forms
. You must manage the server.
. Larger, dedicated staff required
. Ability to choose security tools.
. Ability to rent server space
connection fee.
Pay a Hosting Service:
. Less expensive
. No system maintenance
. Minimal staff requirement
. Dependent on Provider for site
security and upkeep
. Maybe dependent on provider for
.
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
content changes.
May not be able to implement
forms and scripts
HTML & Web Publishing - 128
Let Your Web Site Be Known
•
•
•
•
Key words used in searches of your sites must be present in your top-level
home page.
Get Listed on the News groups: For general announcement of new websites:
comp.infosystems.www.anounce
Negotiate Mutual Pointers with sites trying to attract audience similar to your
audience.
Online Resource: http://www.ftpplanet.com/webmaster/web_promotion.htm
• Sites to Help You Submit Your: SiteThese sites will submit your site to
many search engines and directories for you.
– Bcentral: http://www.BCentral.com
– The Promoter: http://www.tila.com/promote/ -- submits to search engines
and link pages for free.
– Submit-it!: http://submitit.linkexchange.com/ -- submits to more than 400
search engines and link pages.
– Submit-it! Free: http://siteowner.linkexchange.com/Free.cfm -- submits to
search engines for free.
– WebStep 100: http://www.mmgco.com/top100.html -- submits to top web
sites for free.
– Virtual Stampede: http://www.virtualstampede.com/
– Postmaster: http://www.netcreations.com/postmaster/registration/try.html
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 129
Class Project Solution
C:\temp\index.htm
AITC Web Site
• Company Introduction
AITC
• Products
• How to Contact us
• Online HTML Resources
Developed by Robert Smith at
Advanced IT Consulting contact
us by mail at [email protected]
profile.htm
AITC Introduction
AITC is …..
contact.htm
product.htm
[Home | Intro | Product | Contact]
Product Listing
ID
100
200
210
Name
TV
PC
XY
Price
$250
$999
$234
AITC Employees
• Minder Chen
• Bruce Johnson
• Robert Smith
Minder Chen
703-334-4566
[Index]
Bruce Johnson
703-334-4577
[Index]
Guest Book Entry:
Name:
Know HTML
Submit
Resume
Web Site
Home Page
Web Page
index.htm
<html>
<head>
<title>Advanced IT Consulting</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>AITC Web Site</h1>
<ul>
<li><a href="profile.htm">Company Introduction</a>
<li><a href="product.htm">Products</a>
<li><a href="contact.htm">How to Contact Us</a>
<li><a href="resource.htm">Online HTML Resources</a>
</ul>
Developed by
<a href="contact.htm#smith">Robert Smith</a> at
<a href="http://www.erols.com/aitc/">
Advanced IT Consulting
</a>
contact us
<a href="mailto:[email protected]">by email
</a> at [email protected]
</body></html>
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 131
contact.htm
<html>
<head>
<title>AITC Contact Information</title>
</head>
<body>
<a name="top"><a>
[ <a href="index.htm">Home</a> |
<a href="profile.htm">Profile</a> |
<a href="product.htm">Product</a> |
<a href="contact.htm">Contact</a> |
<a href="resource.htm">Resource</a> ]
<h1>AITC Contacts</h1>
<ul>
<li><a href="#chen">Minder Chen</a>
<li><a href="#johnson">Bruce Johnson</a>
<li><a href="#smith">Robert Smith</a>
</ul>
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 132
contact.htm (continued)
<hr width=6>
<a name="chen"></a>
Minder Chen<br>
703-334-4566<br>
[ <a href="#top">Index </a>]
<p>
<a name="johnson"></a>
Bruce Johnson<br>
703-334-4577<br>
[ <a href="#top">Index </a>]
<p>
<a name="smith"></a>
Robert Smith<br>
703-334-5555<br>
[ <a href="#top">Index </a>]
<p><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br>
</body>
</html>
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 133
In Netscape (Edit / Preferences)
• Set up email server
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 134
resource.htm (Graphics examples)
<html>
<head><title>Online Resource: Graphics</title></head>
<body bgcolor="yellow">
<h1>Online Resource</h1>
AITC Logo: <img src="http://www.erols.com/aitc/aitc.gif"><br>
Logo 1: With Transparency <img src="http://www.erols.com/aitc/aitc1.gif"><br>
Logo 2: Without Transparency <img src="http://www.erols.com/aitc/aitc2.gif"><br>
Small Lion: <img src="http://www.erols.com/aitc/slion.gif"><br>
Big Lion: <img src="http://www.erols.com/aitc/blion.gif"><br>
Hot image using a thumb nail image to link to a larger image:
<a href="http://www.erols.com/aitc/blion.gif">
<img src="http://www.erols.com/aitc/slion.gif">
</a>
</body></html>
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 135
product.htm
<html>
<head>
<title>AITC Contact Information</title>
</head>
<body>
<font size=4> [ <a href="index.htm">Home</a> |
<a href="profile.htm">Profile</a> |
Product |
<a href="contact.htm">Contact</a> |
<a href="resource.htm">Resource</a> ] </font>
<h1>AITC Product Listing</h1>
<table border=2>
<tr> <th>ID</th><th width=100>Name</th>
<th align= right width=80> Price</th> </tr>
<tr> <td>100</td> <td>TV</td> <td align= right >$250</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>200</td> <td>PC</td> <td align= right >$999</td> </tr>
<tr> <td>210</td> <td>XY</td> <td align= right >$234</td> </tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 136
profile.htm
<html>
<head>
<title>AITC Company Profile </title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>AITC Introduction</h1>
AITC is IT consulting and training firm. ...
<p>
Guest Book Entry:
<hr>
<form method="POST"
action=" http://hoohoo.ncsa.uiuc.edu/cgi-bin/post-query ">
Name: <input type="text" name="guestname"><br>
<input type="checkbox" name="html" CHECK> Know HTML <br>
<input type="submit"> <input type="reset" value="Resume">
</form>
<hr>
</body>
</html>
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 137
table.htm (background Image)
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<META HTTP-EQUIV="Content-Type" CONTENT="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
<META NAME="Author" CONTENT="Minder Chen">
<META NAME="GENERATOR" CONTENT="Mozilla/4.03 [en] (Win95; I) [Netscape]">
<TITLE>Tables and Background Color</TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY BACKGROUND="bgc.gif">
<H1>Two Column Format and Background Color</H1>
<TABLE CELLPADDING=0 COLS=2 WIDTH="100%" >
<TR VALIGN=TOP>
<TD WIDTH="120">
<UL>
<LI><A HREF="profile.htm">Profile</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="contact.htm">Contact</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="product.htm">Products</A></LI>
<LI><A HREF="resource.htm">Online Resource</A></LI>
</UL>
</TD>
<TD><IMG SRC="logo.gif" HEIGHT=73 WIDTH=183>
<B>Advanced IT Consulting is a consulting firm specialized in training
and consulting in emerging IT.&nbsp;</B>
</TD>
</TR></TABLE></BODY></HTML>
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 138
Imagemap
• ISMAP: The ISMAP (is map) attribute identifies an image
as an image map. Image maps are graphics in which
certain regions are mapped to URLs. By clicking on
different regions, different resources can be accessed
from the same graphic. Example of use:
•
<A HREF="book1.map"> <IMG SRC="sample.gif" ISMAP> </A>
• To be able to use image maps in HTML documents, the
HTTP server which will be controlling document access
must have the correct cgi-bin software installed to control
image map behavior.
• Files needed:
– "Map" image: sample.gif in the example.
– Map file: e.g., book1.map in the example. Has two
formats: NCSA and CERN and you can use MapEdit or
MAP This to create it.
– Imagemap CGI program on the web server
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 139
Map File: CERN and NCSA
map_cern.map
default map_dflt.htm
#The rectangle
at the bottom
rect (1,122) (129,163) rect.htm
#The circle at the middle
circle (60,85) 35 circle.htm
#Polygon at the top
poly (56,1) (8,50) (104,50) polygon.htm
map_NCSA.map
default map_dflt.htm
#The rectangle at the bottom
rect rect.htm 1,122 129,163
#The circle at the middle
circle circle.htm 60,85 88,106
#Polygon at the top
poly polygon.htm 56,1 8,50 104,50
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 140
Map THIS
Where to get it:
http://www6.zdnet.com/cgi-bin/texis/swlib/hotfiles/info.html?fcode=0007SG
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 141
Save the Map File
CSIM:
Client Side Image Map
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 142
Limitations of Image Maps
• Image maps only work over the HTTP
protocol.
• A server transaction is always
required.
• The implementation of image maps is
server-dependent.
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 143
Area Coordination Specifications
<map name="map_spec">
<area shape=circle coords="50,50,20" href="circle_link.html">
<area shape=rectangle coords="70,70, 90,90" href="rect_link.html">
<area shape=polygon coords="10,10,10,20,15,20" href="rect_link.html">
</map>
(0,0)
y
x
• Use noref attribute in
the <area> tag to
indicate no action
should be taken.
• Must include an href
or a noref attribute
for each <area> tag.
(100,100)
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 144
Sample Map Specification
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>Client-Side Image Map</TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY>
<h1>Try out the following client-side image map</h1>
<p>
<img src="map1.gif" usemap="#map_spec">
<map name="map_spec">
<area shape=polygon coords="8,50, 56,1, 104,50" href="polygon.htm">
<area shape=circle coords="60, 85, 35" href="circle.htm">
<area shape=rectangle coords="1,122,129,163" href="rect.htm">
<area shape=rectangle coords="0,0,129,163" href="default.htm">
</map>
</BODY>
</HTML>
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 145
Including Both Client-Side and Server-Side Processing
• Netscape 2.0+ and Internet Explore support client-side
image map. Other browsers may ignore the usemap
attribute in the <img> tag.
• For the same image map, we can include both client-side
(honored by the browsers that can handle it) and serverside processing (for backward compatibility).
<a href="/cgi-bin/imagemap/pics/bart.map">
<img src="/pics/bart3.gif" usemap="#map2" ismap ></a>
<map name="map2">
<area shape=circle coords=…>
<area shape=polygon coords=…>
</map>
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 146
Advanced Table Tags
<body bgcolor="blue" text="yellow" link="white" vlink="black" alink="red">
<table border=1 width="475">
<colgroup span="2" with="50"></colgroup>
<colgroup align="right">
<col span="1" width="75"><col span="2" width="50"><col span="1" width="200">
</colgroup>
<thead>
<th>PID</th><th>Price</th><th>Type</th><th>Footage</th><th>BR/FB/HB</th><th>Address</th>
</thead>
<tfoot>
<th>PID</th><th>Price</th><th>Type</th><th>Footage</th><th>BR/FB/HB</th><th>Address</th>
</tfoot>
<tbody>
<tr><td>1</td><td>$400,000</td><td>TH</td>
<td>8,000</td><td>3/2/1</td><td>123 Main St.</td></tr>
<tr><td>2</td><td>$350,000</td><td>SFH</td>
<td>8,000</td><td>4/2/2</td><td>777 Main St.</td></tr>
</tbody>
</table>
Contact <a href="http://www.erols.com/aitc/ger.htm">GE Reality</a> if you want to buy a house.<br>
Contact <a href="http://www.microsoft.com/">Microsoft</a> if you have problem with IE.
</body>
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 147
Web User Interface Design
•
•
•
•
•
•
Web Style Guide: Basic Design Principles for Creating Web Sites, Yale University
Press, March of 1999
– http://info.med.yale.edu/caim/manual/
Designing Web Usability, Jacob Nielsen, New Riders Publishing, Dec. 1999.
David Siegel, Creating Killer Web Sites, Second Edition
– http://www.killersites.com/core.html
Collaborative Web Development: Strategies and Best Practices for Web Teams, by
Jessica R. Burdman, Addison-Wesley, 1999.
Jakob Nielsen on web user interface design
– http://www.useit.com/
and http://www.useit.com/alertbox/
– http://www.sun.com/sun-on-net/uidesign/
Designing Web Graphics.3 by Lynda Weinman, New Rider, 1999
– Lynda's web site at http://www.lynda.com/
•
•
•
•
•
Norman and Nielsen Group at http://www.nngroup.com/
Webmonkey design site_building at
http://www.hotwired.com/webmonkey/design/site_building/
Web Workshop - Electronic Commerce Site Design at
http://msdn.microsoft.com/workshop/design/layout/site021599.asp
IBM Ease of Use Web Site:
http://www-3.ibm.com/ibm/easy/eou_ext.nsf/publish/561
Accessibility standards: www.access-board.gov/508.htm & www.cast.org/babby
www.section508.gov
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 148
URL and Security
• URLs are standardized in RFC1738, and in their most
generic form, they are defined as
• <scheme>:<scheme-specific-part>
• The best-known scheme is the Common Internet (http for
WWW), in which the <scheme> is the name of a protocol
and the <scheme-specific-part> is defined as:
• //<user>:<password>@ <host>:<port>/<url-path> in which
only the host part is mandatory.
– The ":" and "@" characters have a special meaning and thus the
server can parse the entire string.
– If a user and a password are provided, the host part only comes
after the @ character.
•
http://www.microsoft.com:[email protected]/pub/mskb/Q209354.asp
© Minder Chen, 1996-2002
HTML & Web Publishing - 149