Transcript Gender and MDGs in the Arab Region Lotta Persson Statistician Population and Welfare Statistics Statistics Sweden.

Gender and MDGs in the Arab
Region
Lotta Persson
Statistician
Population and Welfare Statistics
Statistics Sweden
The Millennium Development
Goals
• Goal 1: Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger
• Goal 2: Achieve universal primary education
• Goal 3: Promote gender equality and empower
women
• Goal 4: Reduce child mortality
• Goal 5: Improve maternal health
• Goal 6: Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other
diseases
• Goal 7: Ensure environmental sustainability
• Goal 8: Develop a global partnership for development
Gender issues
Goal 2: Achieve universal primary education
TARGET
Ensure that by, by 2015, children everywhere, boys
and girls alike, will be able to complete a full course
primary schooling
GENDER ISSUE/PROBLEM
Poorer education among women than among men
Indicators for goal 2
• Net enrolment ratio in primary education
• Proportion of pupils starting grade 1 who
reach grade 5
• Literacy rate of 15-24 year olds
Exercise
Underlying causes
Family’s preference
for investing in
sons’ education
Girl’s work in the
household
Girls reproductive
role
Problem/concern
Poorer
education
among
women than
among men
Consequences/effects
Women’s higher
illiteracy
Women’s lower
knowledge of HIV
Women’s lower
access to paid work
Exercise
Underlying causes
Family’s
preference
Net enrolment
ratio
for
investing in
in primary
sons’
education
education
Girl’s
in the
Time work
girls and
boys
household
spend working in
the household
Problem/concern Consequences/effects
Poorer
Women’s
higher
Primary
Literacy rate
of 15education
illiteracy
completion
24 year-olds
among
rate
women than
Women
moreolds with
15-24-years
among men
vulnerable
to HIV of
correct knowledge
HIV/AIDS
Girls
reproductive
Fertility
rate by age
role
All statistics should be presented by sex
Women’s
lower
Women and
men in
access
to paid work
wage employment
Exercise
Underlying causes
Family’s
preference
Net
enrolment
ratio
Country
ministry
of
for
investing in
ineducation
primary
sons’
education
education
Girls
work
theboys
Time
girls in
and
Household
survey
household
spend working in
the household
Consequences/effects
Women’s
higher
Literacy
rate
of 15Population
census/
illiteracy
24
year-oldssurvey
household
Problem/concern
Poorer
Proportion
Country of
education
pupils
starting
ministry
of
among
grade
1 who
education
women
than 5
reach grade
among men
Social
and
cultural
Fertility
rate
by age
Population
census/
barriers
household survey
All statistics should be presented by sex
Women’s
lower
15-24
years
old with
Household
survey
access
information
correctto
knowledge
of
and
media
HIV/AIDS
Women’s
lower
Women
and
men
in
Labour force
survey/
access
to paid work
wage
employment
Population
census
Useful sources for MDG
indicators
• Administrative records
• Surveys
• Censuses
Goal 1: THE POVERTY GOAL
1. Proportion of population below $1 per day
2. Poverty gap ratio
3. Share of poorest quintile in national consumption
=> Household income and expenditure survey
4. Prevalence of underweight children under five years
of age
=> National household surveys (MICS, PAPFAM, DHS)
5. Proportion of the population below minimum level of
dietary energy consumption
=> Household income and expenditure survey
Goal 2: THE EDUCATION
GOAL
1. Net enrolment ratio in primary
education
2. Proportion of pupils starting grade 1
who reach grade 5
=> Country ministry of education,
Household survey )
3. Literacy rate of 15-24 year olds
=> Census, Household survey
EXAMPLE
Boys more
likely than
girls to
attend
school
Children
from rural
areas are
least likely
to attend
school
EXAMPLE
40
40
32
30
36
30
29
20
10
25
20
20
18 18
17
10
0
0
Urban
Boys
Rural
Girls
Urban
Boys
Rural
Girls
Goal 3: THE GENDER
EQUALITY GOAL
1. Ratios of girls to boys in primary, secondary and
tertiary education
=> Country ministry of education, Household survey
2. Ratio of literate women to men 15-24 year olds
=> Census, Household survey
3. Share of women in wage employment in the nonagricultural sector
=> Census, Labour force surveys
4. Proportion of seats held by women in national
parliament
=> Records of national parliaments
Goal 4: THE CHILD MORTALITY
GOAL
1. Under-five mortality rate
2. Infant mortality rate
=> Vital statistics registration system,
census, or sample surveys
3. Proportion of 1 year-old immunised
against measles
=> WHO and Unicef
Administrative data, sample survey
Goal 5: THE MATERNAL
MORTALITY GOAL
1. Maternal mortality rate
=> Vital statistics registration
system or sample surveys
2. Proportion of births attended by
skilled health personnel
=> Household surveys
Goal 6: THE HEALTH GOAL
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
People living with HIV, 15-49 years old
=>
Contraceptive/condom use
Percentage of population aged 15-24 with comprehensive correct
knowledge of HIV/AIDS
Ratio of school attendance of orpans to school attendance of nonorphans aged 10-14 years
=> Household surveys (DHS, MICS)
Prevalence and death rates associated with Malaria
Prevalence and death rates associated with Tuberculosis
=> Vital statistics registration, Household surveys
Proportion of tuberculosis cases detected and cured under directlyobserved treatment short courses
=> WHO
Goal 7: Ensure environmental
sustainability
1. Administrative records
=> Ministry of education
=> Records of national
parliaments,
=> Vital statistics registration
system
Summary
• Administrative records
=> Ministry of education
=> Vital statistics registration
Summary
•
Population census
•
Surveys
=> Household income and expenditure survey/
Living standard measurment survey
=> Household surveys
Demographic and Health Survey/PAPFAM
Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey
Example from Sweden
Economic activity rate of persons aged 20-64
Per cent
100
95
90
Goal
85
80
75
70
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
Example from Sweden
Economic activity rate of persons aged 20-64
Per cent
100
95
90
Men
85
Goal
80
Women
75
70
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
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