Euro Hawk

Integration of HALE UAS into non-segregated airspace

Introduction

Structure

UAS Euro Hawk

• Introduction • EH UAS • Airspace structure • Flight operations

Airspace Flight Operations 2

Introduction

UAS Euro Hawk Airspace

General View On UAS Operation

Flight Operations

Public Acceptance

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Airspace Integration

Concerted Procedures

UAS Operation

Technology Personnel 3

Introduction

UAS Euro Hawk

Airspace

From GLOBAL HAWK to EURO HAWK

Flight Operations modified GLOBAL HAWK (RQ-4B) Airborne Integrated SIGINT System (ISIS-A)

EURO HAWK

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Introduction

UAS Euro Hawk

System (RPA , LRE, MCE )

Airspace Flight Operations • The Euro Hawk is a HALE (high-altitude long-endurance) Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS) designed to perform Reconnaissance and Surveillance Missions over long distances. The Remotely Piloted Aircraft (RPA) can remain airborne for up to 36 hours.

• Euro Hawk is flown through a mission computer loaded with mission plan before each flight.

• The pilot-in-command (PIC) at the ground station can manually fly the aircraft at any time.

• However, whichever mode is being flown Euro Hawk remains predictable. 5

Introduction

UAS Euro Hawk

System ( RPA, LRE, MCE)

Airspace Flight Operations • Launch and Recover Element (LRE) required for aircraft ground operations, take- off, approach and landing phases.

• Mission Control Element (MCE) has the controls, displays and communication lines to perform mission.

• Pilot-in-Command (PIC) is licened pilot (CPL-IFR or compairable military licence).

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Introduction UAS Euro Hawk

Safety Case Euro Hawk (SiBe)

Airspace

Flight Operations • Safety case on Euro Hawk integration into national airspace outside segregated airspace:  MOU between Ministry of Defence and Ministry of Transportation, outlining a cooperative civil-military risk analysis.

 DIN-, ESARR 4 and EU-decree conform process; continuous progress monitoring and result validation by government (MoT).

• Aim:  Analyse and describe potential risks caused by Euro Hawk operation.

 Define safety measures and prerequisites for Euro Hawk operation.

• Timeframe: Jan 2008 – Feb 2011 • Members: 30 representatives from German Air Force, national ATM authority and Ministry of Transportation.

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Introduction UAS Euro Hawk

Airspace

Schematic Flight-Profile

(acc. SiBe) Flight Operations

Airspace Class C E D Restricted Airspace (ED-R), CTR acc §10(4)LuftVO D Airspace Class E Emergency Violation D E CTR: Restricted Airspace (ED-R), acc § 10(4) LuftVO

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Introduction UAS Euro Hawk

Airspace Structure

Airspace

Flight Operations • Euro Hawk reaches with a spiral shaped climb (IFR OAT) in the vicinity of the departure aerodrome his operational altitude FL470+ to commence his enroute phase.

• Climb and descent are performed within restricted airspace (ED-R, TRA). Enroute (FL470+) Euro Hawk flies within controlled airspace class C and will be separated to other traffic.

• The newly established restricted airspaces ED-R 147/148 above Manching and Schleswig CTR and below FL 100 are activated for the time of EH utilization plus a 1 hour buffer (via NOTAM the day before) .

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Introduction UAS Euro Hawk

Airspace Structure Manching

Airspace

Flight Operations enroute DFS FL245 Bundeswehr: ETSI TWR/APP n FL100 FL75 3700ft 1000ft ED-R 310 ED-R 210 Airspace C ED-R 147 ED-R 138 New R-area to connect CTR with existing ED-R and airspace class C Airspace E ETSI CTR D + R Airspace G 10

Introduction

Communication

OmniSTAR

UAS Euro Hawk

GPS

Airspace

SATCOM Flight Operations INMARSAT ATC TWR LRE phone EuroHawk ATC phone MCE

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Introduction UAS Euro Hawk Airspace

Sense And Avoid Assistant (SA3)

or: =

S

ense and

A

void

A

ssisting

Fu

nction (SAAFu)

Flight Operations

• To support safe conduct of air traffic and to maintain separation to unknown aircraft Euro Hawk will depart and approach within restricted airspace. • Despite the restricted areas, the “Euro Hawk FSD safety case” assessment identified the need for additional measures to cope for potential risks arising from CTR and ED-R airspace violations below FL 100. • To minimize these risks, the PIC will be supported by a system called SA3 (Sense And Avoid Assistant).

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Introduction UAS Euro Hawk Airspace

Flight Operations

Sense And Avoid Assistant (SA3)

• Support Tool to increase PIC´s situational awareness on VFR traffic.

• Display and analysis of primary and secondary radar targets.

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Introduction UAS Euro Hawk Airspace

Flight Operations

Flight operations

• The handling of contingency situations is as far as possible similar to emergency procedures for manned aircraft. Planned and programmed behavior is briefed to ATC. Four contingency situations can be distinguished: – C1 = lost command and control – C2 = return to base (loss of redundancy, minor system fault) – C3 = emergency landing (major technical problem) – C4 = go-around / take-off abort • Special SSR codes are not required. The procedures of manned aviation are applicable in principle.

• The routing within German airspace is covered with Emergency Landing Fields. The flight profiles are preprogrammed and known to ATC.

• Briefings in the ATC Centers were offered to inform ATC personnel. A communication campaign increases the awareness of civil and military aviation.

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Thank you for your attention!

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