COMMUNICATE! Verderber, Verderber, Sellnow Chapter 3 Intercultural Communication Learning Outcomes LO1 Examine what a culture is and the role of communication in it LO2 Discuss relationships between.
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COMMUNICATE!
Verderber, Verderber, Sellnow Chapter 3 Intercultural Communication
Learning Outcomes
LO1 Examine what a culture is and the role of communication in it LO2 Discuss relationships between dominant and co-cultures LO3 Analyze how cultural identity affects communication LO4 Explain the inherent barriers in intercultural communication LO5 Explore how to improve intercultural competence
LO1
Examine what a culture is and the role of communication in it
Culture
• System of shared values, beliefs, attitudes, and norms that guide what is considered appropriate among an identifiable group of people.
LO 1
Values
• Values – Commonly accepted standards •Ideal values –Ones members profess to hold •Real values –Ones that guide actual behavior
LO 1
Intercultural Communication
• Intercultural communication – Interactions between people whose cultures are so different that communication between them is altered • Culture shock – Psychological discomfort when engaging in a new cultural situation
LO 1
Intercultural Communication
Communication is both way culture is transmitted and way it is modified
LO 1
LO2
Discuss relationships between dominant and co-cultures
Dominant Culture
Learned system of norms held by the majority group of empowered people in a society. LO 2
Co-Culture
• Group comprised of smaller number of people whose values, attitudes, beliefs, and customs differ from the dominant culture.
–Members sometimes code switch LO 2
LO3
Analyze how cultural identity affects communication
Cultural Identity
Part of self-concept based on how closely we associate with both the dominant culture and the various co-cultures.
LO 3
Co-Cultures Formed Around
LO 3
Shared Beliefs and Values
• Race/Perceived Race • Ethnicity • Native Language • Sex and Gender • Sexual Orientation • Religion • Socioeconomic Status • Age/Generation • Disability
How Cultures Differ • Individualism-Collectivism – Individualistic • Values personal rights and responsibilities – Collectivistic • Values community and collaboration LO 3
How Cultures Differ • Context – Low-context • Speakers use words to convey the meaning of a message – High-context • Much of message understood from context LO 3
How Cultures Differ • Chronemics – Monochronic cultures • View time as series of small units that occur sequentially – Polychronic cultures • View time as continuous flow LO 3
How Cultures Differ •
Uncertainty avoidance
•
Low uncertainty-avoidance
•
Extent to which people desire to predict what is going to happen
•
High uncertainty-avoidance
•
Have low tolerance for uncertainty and need to control
LO 3
How Cultures Differ
• Power Distance • High power distance •Unequal distribution of power is accepted • Low power distance •Member prefer power to be more equally distributed LO 3
How Cultures Differ • Masculinity-Femininity • Masculine Culture • Men and women are expected to adhere to traditional sex roles • Feminine Culture • People assume variety of roles regardless of sex LO 3
How Cultures Differ • Long-Term/Short-Term Orientation • Short-Term Orientation • Values static rewards in the here and now • Long-Term Orientation • Emphasizes potential future rewards LO 3
Cross-Cultural Adaptation Understanding how cultures differ becomes critical when we interact because it helps us empathize and adapt our communication patterns.
LO 3
LO4
Explain the inherent barriers in intercultural communication
Potential Barriers to Effective Intercultural Communication •Anxiety • Assumed similarity or difference • Ethnocentrism •Stereotyping • Incompatible communication codes • Incompatible norms and values LO 4
LO5 Explore how to improve intercultural competence
Acquire Accurate Knowledge • Formal study • Observation • Immersion – Participant observation • Use diverse resources LO 5
Adopt an Appropriate Attitude • Tolerate ambiguity • Be open-minded • Be altruistic –Egocentricity LO 5
Develop Culture-Centered Skills • Practice listening • Practice intercultural empathy • Develop flexibility LO 5