Transcript Development of Performance Based Tsunami Engineering (PBTE) University of Hawaii at Manoa H. Ronald Riggs Ian N.

Development of Performance
Based Tsunami Engineering
(PBTE)
University of Hawaii at Manoa
H. Ronald Riggs
Ian N. Robertson
Tsunami Research
Source Mechanism
Tsunami Generation
Tsunami
Modeling
Open Ocean Propagation
Focus of
NEESR Study
Coastal Inundation
Probabilistic
Tsunami Hazard
Analysis
Fluid-Structure Interaction
Ocean, Hydraulic
and Structural
Engineering
Scour Modeling
Structural Loading
Performance
Based Tsunami
Engineering
Structural Response
Performance Levels
Social Sciences
Public Policy
Consequences
(Life and economic losses)
Warning Systems
Societal Impact
Assessment
Project Team
Name
Affiliation
Expertise
H. Ronald Riggs
University of Hawaii, CEE
Structural eng. and fluid-structure interaction
Ian Robertson
University of Hawaii, CEE
Structural engineering design
Si-Hwan Park
University of Hawaii, CEE
Computational mechanics
Kwok Fai Cheung
University of Hawaii, ORE
Tsunami modeling
Geno Pawlak
University of Hawaii, ORE
Ocean engineering, hydromechanics
Julie Young
Princeton University
Scour and fluid transport
Solomon Yim
Oregon State University
Fluid-structure interaction, wave tank modeling
Gary Chock
Martin & Chock, Inc.
Code development, risk assessment
Laura Kong
Intl. Tsunami Info Center
Tsunami effects on coastal communities
Brian Yanagi
Intl. Tsunami Info Center
Disaster management, Public awareness
Michael Hamnett
UH Social Science Res. Inst.
Public awareness and response to disasters
Project Team
Name
Affiliation
Expertise
H. Ronald Riggs
University of Hawaii, CEE
Structural eng. and fluid-structure interaction
Ian Robertson
University of Hawaii, CEE
Structural engineering design
Si-Hwan Park
University of Hawaii, CEE
Computational mechanics
Kwok Fai Cheung
University of Hawaii, ORE
Tsunami modeling
Geno Pawlak
University of Hawaii, ORE
Ocean engineering, hydromechanics
Julie Young
Princeton University
Scour and fluid transport
Solomon Yim
Oregon State University
Fluid-structure interaction, wave tank modeling
Gary Chock
Martin & Chock, Inc.
Code development, risk assessment
Laura Kong
Intl. Tsunami Info Center
Tsunami effects on coastal communities
Brian Yanagi
Intl. Tsunami Info Center
Disaster management, Public awareness
Michael Hamnett
UH Social Science Res. Inst.
Public awareness and response to disasters
Project Team
Name
Affiliation
Expertise
H. Ronald Riggs
University of Hawaii, CEE
Structural eng. and fluid-structure interaction
Ian Robertson
University of Hawaii, CEE
Structural engineering design
Si-Hwan Park
University of Hawaii, CEE
Computational mechanics
Kwok Fai Cheung
University of Hawaii, ORE
Tsunami modeling
Geno Pawlak
University of Hawaii, ORE
Ocean engineering, hydromechanics
Julie Young
Princeton University
Scour and fluid transport
Solomon Yim
Oregon State University
Fluid-structure interaction, wave tank modeling
Gary Chock
Martin & Chock, Inc.
Code development, risk assessment
Laura Kong
Intl. Tsunami Info Center
Tsunami effects on coastal communities
Brian Yanagi
Intl. Tsunami Info Center
Disaster management, Public awareness
Michael Hamnett
UH Social Science Res. Inst.
Public awareness and response to disasters
Project Team
Name
Affiliation
Expertise
H. Ronald Riggs
University of Hawaii, CEE
Structural eng. and fluid-structure interaction
Ian Robertson
University of Hawaii, CEE
Structural engineering design
Si-Hwan Park
University of Hawaii, CEE
Computational mechanics
Kwok Fai Cheung
University of Hawaii, ORE
Tsunami modeling
Geno Pawlak
University of Hawaii, ORE
Ocean engineering, hydromechanics
Julie Young
Princeton University
Scour and fluid transport
Solomon Yim
Oregon State University
Fluid-structure interaction, wave tank modeling
Gary Chock
Martin & Chock, Inc.
Code development, risk assessment
Laura Kong
Intl. Tsunami Info Center
Tsunami effects on coastal communities
Brian Yanagi
Intl. Tsunami Info Center
Disaster management, Public awareness
Michael Hamnett
UH Social Science Res. Inst.
Public awareness and response to disasters
Project Team
Name
Affiliation
Expertise
H. Ronald Riggs
University of Hawaii, CEE
Structural eng. and fluid-structure interaction
Ian Robertson
University of Hawaii, CEE
Structural engineering design
Si-Hwan Park
University of Hawaii, CEE
Computational mechanics
Kwok Fai Cheung
University of Hawaii, ORE
Tsunami modeling
Geno Pawlak
University of Hawaii, ORE
Ocean engineering, hydromechanics
Julie Young
Princeton University
Scour and fluid transport
Solomon Yim
Oregon State University
Fluid-structure interaction, wave tank modeling
Gary Chock
Martin & Chock, Inc.
Code development, risk assessment
Laura Kong
Intl. Tsunami Info Center
Tsunami effects on coastal communities
Brian Yanagi
Intl. Tsunami Info Center
Disaster management, Public awareness
Michael Hamnett
UH Social Science Res. Inst.
Public awareness and response to disasters
Project Team
Name
Affiliation
Expertise
H. Ronald Riggs
University of Hawaii, CEE
Structural eng. and fluid-structure interaction
Ian Robertson
University of Hawaii, CEE
Structural engineering design
Si-Hwan Park
University of Hawaii, CEE
Computational mechanics
Kwok Fai Cheung
University of Hawaii, ORE
Tsunami modeling
Geno Pawlak
University of Hawaii, ORE
Ocean engineering, hydromechanics
Julie Young
Princeton University
Scour and fluid transport
Solomon Yim
Oregon State University
Fluid-structure interaction, wave tank modeling
Gary Chock
Martin & Chock, Inc.
Code development, risk assessment
Laura Kong
Intl. Tsunami Info Center
Tsunami effects on coastal communities
Brian Yanagi
Intl. Tsunami Info Center
Disaster management, Public awareness
Michael Hamnett
UH Social Science Res. Inst.
Public awareness and response to disasters
Project Team
Name
Affiliation
Expertise
H. Ronald Riggs
University of Hawaii, CEE
Structural eng. and fluid-structure interaction
Ian Robertson
University of Hawaii, CEE
Structural engineering design
Si-Hwan Park
University of Hawaii, CEE
Computational mechanics
Kwok Fai Cheung
University of Hawaii, ORE
Tsunami modeling
Geno Pawlak
University of Hawaii, ORE
Ocean engineering, hydromechanics
Julie Young
Princeton University
Scour and fluid transport
Solomon Yim
Oregon State University
Fluid-structure interaction, wave tank modeling
Gary Chock
Martin & Chock, Inc.
Code development, risk assessment
Laura Kong
Intl. Tsunami Info Center
Tsunami effects on coastal communities
Brian Yanagi
Intl. Tsunami Info Center
Disaster management, Public awareness
Michael Hamnett
UH Social Science Res. Inst.
Public awareness and response to disasters
Project Team
Name
Affiliation
Expertise
H. Ronald Riggs
University of Hawaii, CEE
Structural eng. and fluid-structure interaction
Ian Robertson
University of Hawaii, CEE
Structural engineering design
Si-Hwan Park
University of Hawaii, CEE
Computational mechanics
Kwok Fai Cheung
University of Hawaii, ORE
Tsunami modeling
Geno Pawlak
University of Hawaii, ORE
Ocean engineering, hydromechanics
Julie Young
Princeton University
Scour and fluid transport
Solomon Yim
Oregon State University
Fluid-structure interaction, wave tank modeling
Gary Chock
Martin & Chock, Inc.
Code development, risk assessment
Laura Kong
Intl. Tsunami Info Center
Tsunami effects on coastal communities
Brian Yanagi
Intl. Tsunami Info Center
Disaster management, Public awareness
Michael Hamnett
UH Social Science Res. Inst.
Public awareness and response to disasters
Advisory Panel
Name
Affiliation
Expertise
Michael Briggs
U.S. Army Eng. Res. and Dev. Center
Coastal and hydraulics
engineering
John Hooper
Magnusson Klemencic Associates
Structural engineer
Dennis J. Hwang
Reinwald O'Connor & Playdon
Geophysics and legal coastal
management
Orville T. Magoon Coastal Zone Foundation
Coastal management
Nassim Uddin
Univ. of Alabama at Birmingham
Coastal effects, dynamic loads on
structures
Vasily Titov
Pacific Marine Env. Lab. PMEL
Tsunami modeling
David Kennard
FEMA Region IX
Emergency response and
preparedness
George Crawford
Washington State Military Dept.,
Emergency Management Division
Disaster management Washington State
Richard Eisner
California Governor's Office of
Emergency Services
Disaster management - California
Edward Teixeira
Hawaii State Civil Defense
Disaster response and planning
Advisory Panel
Name
Affiliation
Expertise
Michael Briggs
U.S. Army Eng. Res. and Dev. Center
Coastal and hydraulics
engineering
John Hooper
Magnusson Klemencic Associates
Structural engineer
Dennis J. Hwang
Reinwald O'Connor & Playdon
Geophysics and legal coastal
management
Orville T. Magoon Coastal Zone Foundation
Coastal management
Nassim Uddin
Univ. of Alabama at Birmingham
Coastal effects, dynamic loads on
structures
Vasily Titov
Pacific Marine Env. Lab. PMEL
Tsunami modeling
David Kennard
FEMA Region IX
Emergency response and
preparedness
George Crawford
Washington State Military Dept.,
Emergency Management Division
Disaster management Washington State
Richard Eisner
California Governor's Office of
Emergency Services
Disaster management - California
Edward Teixeira
Hawaii State Civil Defense
Disaster response and planning
Advisory Panel
Name
Affiliation
Expertise
Michael Briggs
U.S. Army Eng. Res. and Dev. Center
Coastal and hydraulics
engineering
John Hooper
Magnusson Klemencic Associates
Structural engineer
Dennis J. Hwang
Reinwald O'Connor & Playdon
Geophysics and legal coastal
management
Orville T. Magoon Coastal Zone Foundation
Coastal management
Nassim Uddin
Univ. of Alabama at Birmingham
Coastal effects, dynamic loads on
structures
Vasily Titov
Pacific Marine Env. Lab. PMEL
Tsunami modeling
David Kennard
FEMA Region IX
Emergency response and
preparedness
George Crawford
Washington State Military Dept.,
Emergency Management Division
Disaster management Washington State
Richard Eisner
California Governor's Office of
Emergency Services
Disaster management - California
Edward Teixeira
Hawaii State Civil Defense
Disaster response and planning
OSU Wave Tank Facility
Technical Areas
 Tsunami bore formation, runup, and
coastal inundation
 Sediment transport and scour
 Fluid forces on structures
 Structural response, analysis and design
Runup Experiments and Modeling
 Site-specific bathymetry
 Effect of fringing reefs
 Surface roughness
 Bore formation
 Energy dissipation
Run-up Experiments
48.8 m
Individual
piston–type
waveboards
wave propagation
wave propagation
wave propagation
26.5 m
T W B
runup/reef 1:5
runup / reef 1:10
runup / reef 1:15
Additional
separating walls
 Tsunami wave basin will be modified to allow for three
individual flumes with different bottom slopes
(July - Dec 2007)
3.66 m
3.66 m
3.66 m
Run-up Experiments-Constant Slope
resistance wave gauges
piston
gap
~2m
1m
ADVs
slopes
1:15
~18.8m
1:10
1:5
~30m
~20m
~10m
 Solitary waves with heights at 0.05m increments up to 0.65m
 Study bore formation and energy dissipation
 Resistance wave gauges and Acoustic Doppler Velocimeters (ADVs) will
capture flow velocity
 Benchmark tests for bed roughness, fringing reef, scour and structural
loading
Run-up Experiments-Fringing Reef
piston
resistance wave gauges
absorber
h2
h1
ADVs
- h2
1:15
1:10 1:5
~30m
~15m
 Fringing reef will be simulated by curtailing the beach slopes
at –h2, water level, and +h2.
 Solitary waves with height at 0.05m increments up to 0.65m
Run-up Experiments
laser altimeter
high speed
camera
piston
absorber
 Laser altimeter will track free surface when air entrainment distorts
resistance gauges and ADV readings.
 Particle Imaging Velocimetry (PIV) will monitor transition to white water.
 High speed camera will track markers on still water and dry bed.
Sediment Transport and Scour
 Develop and validate sediment transport
mechanisms
 Pump up of sediments due to large-scale vortices
created by bore collapse.
 Entrainment of local sediment by instantaneous
bed shear stress.
 Enhanced transport due to soil instability
(momentary static liquefaction caused by high
pore pressure during drawdown)
Scour Experiments
 Preliminary scour tests in Large Wave Flume (Fall 2006)
 Utilize existing sand bed from beach erosion experiment
 Velocity measurements using ADVs and PIV
 Sediment concentration using Fiber Optic Backscatter (FOBS)
 Pore pressures sensors to monitor soil instability
Sediment Transport Experiments
laser altimeter
piston
~2m
1m
1:10
~18.8m
Velocimeter + Fiber Optic Backscatter (FOBS)
~30m
~20m
Pore pressure transducers
 Repeat 1:10 and 1:15 bottom slope tests with moveable bed
 Well-graded sand bed (0.2mm median grain size)
Scour Experiments
laser altimeter
piston
~2m
1m
1:10
~18.8m
Velocimeter + FOBS
~30m
~20m
Pore pressure transducers
 Include plexiglass cylinder to simulate pile.
Fluid Forces on Structures
 Horizontal hydrodynamic loads
 Vertical hydrodynamic loads
 Debris impact loads
 Debris damming loads
Fluid-Structure Experiments
laser altimeter
high speed
camera
piston
absorber
Simple
Structure
 Utilize fringing reef setup to produce bore.
 Monitor loading on structural elements and simple structural
systems
Fluid-Structure Experiments
laser altimeter
high speed
camera
piston
absorber
Shipping
Container
 Utilize fringing reef setup to produce bore.
 Monitor loading on structural elements and simple structural
systems
 Monitor debris damming effects
Fluid-Structure Simulation
 Use Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes, RANS
fluid models with the experimental data to
improve fluid-structure interaction modeling
 Combination of ABAQUS + FLUENT
 Possible use of COMSOL (FEMLAB)
Structural Response and Design
 Structural response to hydraulic and
impact loads
 Progressive collapse prevention
 Prescriptive design
 Methodology for site-specific PBTE
Performance Levels
HOTEL
WAIKIKI
HOTEL
WAIKIKI
HOTEL
WAIKIKI
Tsunami Wave Height
Maximum Considered Tsunami
Very Rare
Events
Design Tsunami
Rare Events
Minor Tsunami
Frequent
Events
Immediate
Occupancy
Occasional
Events
Vertical
evacuation
Collapse
Life safety Prevention
Building Performance Level
Outreach
 Princeton REU program (summer 06)
 Review of existing design guidelines to protect coastal
structures against erosion and scour damage.
 Assist with design and setup of scour experiments.
 Oregon State University
 Web telecast of all experiments performed in the TWB.
 Selected experiments will be incorporated into an educational
webcast for K-12 audience.
 University of Hawaii
 Summer 2006 – two High School interns working on
preliminary FLUENT modeling
 Enhancement of tsunami display at Bishop Museum
Education and Outreach
 Bishop Museum - Honolulu
 New Science Adventure Center
 Includes tank showing
generation of storm and
tsunami waves
Seismic Tsunami
Storm Waves
Landslide Tsunami
Thank-you!