Transcript OCEANOGRAPHIC DATA AND INFORMATION INITIATIVES IN AFRICA 1st African Digital Curation Conference CSIR International Conference Centre, Pretoria, South Africa 12th -13th February 2008 Dr.

OCEANOGRAPHIC DATA AND
INFORMATION INITIATIVES IN
AFRICA
1st African Digital Curation Conference
CSIR International Conference Centre, Pretoria, South Africa
12th -13th February 2008
Dr. Ing. Alfonse M. Dubi
Associate Professor and DIRECTOR
Institute of Marine Sciences, University of Dar es salaam, Zanzibar, TANZANIA
OCEANOGRAPHIC DATA AND
INFORMATION INITIATIVES IN
AFRICA
WHY NOT TALK ABOUT “AFRICAN DATA
INITIATIVES?
•
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Africa is so wide, having different political and
economic
groupings, each country doing “their own
things”,
Data on/about/by Africa would cover many disciplines:
natural sciences, engineering,
technology, social
sciences, etc
All Africa Data initiatives would need a separate
“CONFERENCE”
OCEANOGRAPHIC
APPROPRIATE
DATA
AND
INFORMATION
INITIATIVES
IS
1. INTRODUCTION
(a) The whole of Africa is surrounded
by ocean, which is subjected to
both natural and human phenomena
(b) The dynamics of climate ( winds,
temperature, barometric pressure,
rainfall, etc.) and population affect the
dynamics of the ocean.
(c) The dynamics of the ocean (waves,
currents, temperature, etc.) affect
fisheries, transportation, exploration
and exploitation of hydrocarbons and
other economic activities
(d) LME’s are important to African
economies, e.g Benguela, Agulhas
and Somali Currents
EARTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL DATA AND INFORMATION
EARTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL DATA AND INFORMATION
2. OCEANOGRAPHIC DATA AND
INFORMATION INITIATIVES IN AFRICA
In 1998, African Countries embarked on “The
African Process for the Co-operation for the
Development and Protection of the Coastal
and Marine Environment”
EARTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL DATA AND INFORMATION
2 Cont’d
A
Pan-African Conference on Sustainable
Integrated Coastal Management (PACSICOM)
was held in Maputo, Mozambique, in July
1998.
The Maputo Declaration recognised the need for
further capacity building, especially the
following:
– Training and education in marine sciences
and technology and their application to
sustainable development;
– Institutional strengthening; and
– Sustainable funding.
EARTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL DATA AND INFORMATION
2 cont’d
“The African Process resulted in a Africa-wide Project,
i.e. GOOS – AFRICA with the following priorities:
–
Improved collection of In-Situ Ocean Measurements and
Observations, Validation training and education in marine
sciences and technology and their application to sustainable
development;
–
The collection and spatial analysis of satellite imagery of the
coastal seas for fisheries resource management and coastal
planning
–
development of regional modelling and forecasting
capabilities to provide additional protection against regular
and extreme events.
3.
•
3.1
SOME INITIATIVES
Definition:
Oceanographic data is divided into : Biological,
Chemical,
Geological,
Physical,
and
Meteorology
•
3.2
There are open access/managed data
archives :
Oceanographic Data Centres
(a) Intergovernmental Data Centers :
Established by international agreements to archive
and manage and deal with multi-national datasets
(b) Research Project Data Centers
Data centers established by specific research
projects to manage project datasets until final
archiving at Intergovernmental Centers or other final
disposition
3.2 SOME INITIATIVES cont’d
(c) Topical & Operational Data Activities - Specially created
activity centers that archive and provide data on specific regional or
thematic topics, and newly established centers that provide processing
and delivery of operational oceanographic products within operational
oceanographic systems
e.g. sea level:
http://sealevel.colorado.edu/current/;
UHSLC:
University of Hawaii Sea Level Centre:
Website: http://www. ilikai.soest.hawaii.edu
PSMSL:
Permanent Service for Mean Sea Level:
Website: http://www.pol.ac.uk/psmsl NODC:
NODC: National Oceanographic Data Centre (US):
Website: http://www.nodc.noaa.gov
JASL:Joint Archive for Sea Level
Website: http://www.uhslc.soest.hawaii.edu/uhslc/jasl.html
GLOSS: GLOSS: Global Sea Level Observing System:
Website: http://www.pol.ac.uk/psmsl/programmes/gloss.info.html
TPA: Tanzania Ports Authority
Website: http://www.tanzaniaports.com
EARTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL DATA AND INFORMATION
3.3. In- Situ Measurements
THE ODINAFRICA PROJECT
EARTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL DATA AND INFORMATION
ODINAFRICA –III Goals

Consolidate the achievements
ODINAFRICA-II and:
of
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improve data flows into the national oceanographic data and
information centres in the participating countries,
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develop data and information products required for integrated
management of the coastal areas of Africa, and
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increase the delivery of services to end users.
Specific Activities: highlighted
 Strengthen GLOSS network in Africa
 Additional sensors on sea level stations
 Creation of African Ocean Biogeographic Information
System
 Data and Information requirements of these and other
initiatives, including development of services and
products
 Reinforcement of capacity of NODCs to better provide
better services
The Network
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Over 40 institutions in 25 countries
Algeria
Angola
Benin
Cameroon
Comoros
Congo
Côte d'Ivoire
Egypt
Gabon
Ghana
Guinea
Kenya
Madagascar
14.
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25.
Mauritania
Mauritius
Morocco
Mozambique
Namibia
Nigeria
Senegal
Seychelles
South Africa
Tanzania
Togo
Tunisia
The Thematic Work Packages
 Coastal Observing Systems
 Data Management
 Information Management
 Products
Development
Dissemination
and
Coastal Observing Systems
In-situ measurements
 upgrade and expand African network for in-situ
measurements and monitoring of ocean variables
(e.g. sea-level, temperature, salinity, currents, winds,
etc)
 [19 sea level stations installed/upgraded, 10 of them
fitted with additional oceanographic sensors]
 provide near real-time observations of ocean
variables, and
 building adequate capacity for collection, analysis
and management of sea-state variables.
GLOSS Africa Network - Basis
Figure 1. GLOSS status within the PSMSL dataset. October 2000
Category:
1 = operational (data provided to PSMSL since 1997)
2 = possibly operational (no data provided to PSMSL since 1997)
3 = historical data only (no data provided to PSMSL since 1988)
4 = no data provided
19 Proposed sites -2003.
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ANGOLA: Lobito
CAMEROON: Kribi
COTE D’IVOIRE: Abidjan
GHANA: Tema, Takoradi
KENYA: Mombasa
MADAGASCAR: Nosy Be
MAURITANIA: Nouadhibou
MAURITIUS: Port Louis, Rodrigues
MOROCCO: Casablanca, Agadir
MOZAMBIQUE: Inhambane, Pemba
NAMIBIA: Luderitz
NIGERIA: Lagos
SEYCHELES: Pt de la Rue
TANZANIA: Zanzibar
TUNISIA: Sfax
Implementation:
Review of Status of
Network.
 About 40 installed stations, varying
operational status, and quality of
observations,
 Initiatives by other regional initiatives
and national institutions to
install/upgrade tide gauges,
 Indian Ocean Tsunami 26 December
2004, one of the worst marine disasters
recorded impacted greatly on the
implementation plan developed.
Installed Tide Gauges
Takoradi, Ghana
Nouakchott,
Mauritania
Installed Tide Gauges
Djibouti, Djibouti
Other planned locations
Pointe Noire, Congo (installation 30 March -6 April 2007)
Proposed location at the entrance to the port suitable
radar or pressure gauge.
Limbe - Cameroon
Limbe port - poor security
and potential damage from
old cargoes piled up on the
very small jetty
Numerous passengers from
ferries using the jetty.
SONARA Oil Refinery Jetty
Provides best option-long,
Secure, sufficient depth
Nosy Be, Fort Dauphin
Nosy Be the jetty has
been destroyed and needs
to be reconstructed
Port security is very
limited. Strong swell
within the harbourpressure and radar sensor
records difficult to process
because of irregular
variation in sea level.
Moroni - Comoros
Northern part of the new
quay slowly sinking in
water, south part not
enough space and
enough water to install
the tide house and tide
gauge well.
Installation north of the
island too difficult to
realise; very shallow
waters do not allow an
installation alongside the
coast.
The only solution would be to build offshore tide
gauge huts far from the coastline.
Alexandria - Egypt
New tide gauge to be
located at NIOF
Dakar - Senegal
Repairs of tide gauge housing in progress
Morocco stations
Network exist of 9
operational tide gauges, most
of them with acoustic
sensors, proposal to install
new at Casablanca.
Old tide gauge location,
Casablanca
Mtwara - Tanzania
Not among the original
sites, but being
considered – depending
on availability of
resources
Abidjan – Cote d’ Ivoire
Configuration of tide gauges
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Kalesto radar gauge;
Two pressure sensors;
Logosens-2 datalogger;
OTT HDR DCP satellite transmitter
for the Meteosat.
(Purchased and configured by Proudman
Oceanographic Laboratory, United Kingdom).
Data Management
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further development and strengthening of National
Oceanographic Data Centres (NODC) to manage data
streams from the coastal ocean observing network,
upgrading infrastructure in the NODC’s (including
internet access and computer systems)
Integrating biogeographic and hydrological data
steams into NODC systems
Building capacity for data and information managers
for new NODCs established as part of this project, and
Rescue historical data (especially sea level data)
National Field Data Collections
Enrichment of databases
with locally available data
National Marine Atlas
National data CDs
Data Management training
• Series of data management training
courses
Left: Casablanca, Morocco
Right:Ostende, Belgium
Training – Application of Satellite
Altimetry to Oceanography.
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Principle of satellite
altimetry and applications
to sea level studies
Ocean
circulations/currents and
eddies from altimetry
Marine gravity and geoid
from multi-satellite
altimetry and applications
Altimeter waveform
tracking for land/ocean
use
Bathymetric estimation
from altimetry
Public Awareness
• TOGO:"Small window on
oceanography for students“
Improvement of Internet Access
• VSAT installation in
Madagascar and
Nigeria
The African Marine Atlas.
 incorporates existing
geo-referenced
datasets available in
the public domain (but
tailored
to
meet
specific
scope
requirements),
and
also data products
created from national
and
international
marine
data
collections..
http://iodeweb2.vliz.be/omap/OM
AP/index.htm
3.4 COMPUTING AND DECISION
SUPPORT TOOLS
To build capacity in computer modelling in
various applications such as
ocean and
coastal circulation modelling, marine and
coastal ecosystem modelling, ecological
modelling taking account of Global Climatic
Changes and Variability, Sustainability and
Ecosystem Based Management.
3.4.1 STRATEGY FOR ACHIEVING
THE OBJECTIVE
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Enhance Human Resources Development
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Introduce postgraduate training courses (M.Sc.) in
Coastal and Marine Geo-informatics (RS, GIS and
Computer Modelling)
Introduce punctuated training courses and workshops
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Seek national, regional and international Partnerships
for FUNDING
3.4.2.
POTENTIAL MODELLING
APPLICATIONS
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Climate Variability and change
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Pollution and water quality
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Marine-related
cyclones and
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Sustainable coastal development
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Living resources and management of
key habitats
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Understanding coastal processes,
education
science and
natural
hazards
storm surges)
(tsunami,
3.4.3 PLAN AND
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Enhancing Human Resource Development
(HRD):
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PROGRESS
Recruitment of academic and scientific staff, e.g.
computer scientists and engineers to form a computer
modelling group (www.theissresearch.org ).
Organisation of training workshops
Reorganisation of the Institute into academic 3
departments (MBRM, CEMS and PAMS)
Identification of relevant models
The Institute, with funding from Sida-SAREC, has
acquired the following computer modelling
systems: ROMS, MATLAB, MIKE 21, SMS
(ADCIRC) and ArcGIS. To enhance computing
power, the Institute has acquired a powerful
computer.
3.4.3 PLAN AND
•
Establishing formal specialised training:
Postgraduate studies at M.Sc. level.
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PROGRESS cont’d
Marine and Coastal Resources Mgt -IMS
Marine and Coastal Geo-informatics -IMS
Oceanography -UCT
Provision
of
high
quality
digital
bathymetry:
(topography of the ocean
bottom) for African coastal oceans, e.g. Mike
C-MAP for the
WIO – Region
Dissemination and Products:
Customer-tailored products, e.g. climatologies
inventories; extreme values; atlases; valueadded
specialised forecast are to be
archived in a database
4. VOTE OF THANKS