Transcript URBAN CADASTRE IN ETHIOPIA Presented to ALGAF By Daniel Tadesse April, 2006 Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 11/7/2015 Urban Cadastre in Ethiopia, Daniel Tadesse.

URBAN CADASTRE
IN ETHIOPIA
Presented to ALGAF
By Daniel Tadesse
April, 2006
Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
11/7/2015
Urban Cadastre in Ethiopia, Daniel
Tadesse
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Topics/Contents:
BACKROUND
 Historical Development
 Types of Cadastre
 Basic Components of Cadastre
URBAN CADASTRE IN ETHIOPIA
 Historical
 Current Status
EFFORTS MADE & PROBLEMS
CONCLUSION & SOME KEY ISSUES
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BACKGROUND
A CADASTRE is:
An official public record usually
maintained to register the ownership
rights of land in a given jurisdiction. It
records location, physical description,
value, any improvement on the parcel,
rights to the parcel (occupancy,
ownership, right of way, etc) as well as
the exact nature of these rights.
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BACKGROUND CONT…
HISTORICAL
There are twofold interests that initiated cadastre or land registration:
a) Owner of the land
b) The government
Evidences that confirm land registration activity since the early stage of
human development:
a) The Holly Bible
b) Tombs in Ancient Egypt
c) The Romans
The activity of cadastre as a modern & systematic way emerged in Europe,
Particularly France (the famous French cadastre by 1807).
Today in most of the developed world land related information serves
different purpose with the use of advanced technology.
However, in most of the developing world it is difficult to find real cadastre
or land registration system.
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BACKGROUND CONT…
TYPES OF CADASTRE
– Cadastres can be divided into three
types:
Fiscal
Legal and
Multipurpose cadastre
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BACKGROUND CONT…
COMPONENTS OF CADASTRE
a) Land Registration
Every land administration system should
include some sort of land registration,
Land registration provides safe and certain
foundation of the acquisition, enjoyment and
disposal of rights in land
The main purpose of registration is to keep
records.
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BACKGROUND CONT…
b) Property Taxation
Agricultural Settlements
Valuation (Market, Income, Potential)
Basic Municipal Income
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BACKGROUND CONT…
c) Cadastral Surveying & Mapping
Carried out for the purpose of providing
information for the drawing of cadastral
map.
Cadastral map refers to any map on scale
large enough to show every field or plot of
land and buildings.
Three sets of complimentary techniques of
cadastral surveying are common:
field/ground surveying, photogrametry,
and remote sensing
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CADASTRE IN ETHIOPIA
a) Land Tenure & Registration
The Absence of Capital City until 1886
Prevented the Emergence of Property in
Land
The 1907 First Land Related Proclamation
Recognized Private Ownership
The 1931 & 1955 first & revised
Constitutions further secured Citizens the
Right to Keep the Land they Own
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CADASTRE IN ETHIOPIA
Land Tenure & Registration Cont…
■ PROC. No. 47/1975 Nationalized
Urban Land & Extra Houses
Proclamation No. 80 of 1993 issued a
Decree stating that all urban land is
to be governed by the lease policy
Lease is being practiced almost in all
urban centers
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CADASTRE IN ETHIOPIA
Land Tenure & Registration Cont..
Voluntary & Obligatory Registration
Registrations of lands are of different
type
▪ Registration of New Allocations
▪ Registration of Old Occupations
▪ Registration of Subdivision
▪ Registration of Transfers
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CADASTRE IN ETHIOPIA
b) Property Taxation
The 1907 Proclamation obliges every
landholder to pay an annual tax of 5
per 1000 of the assessed value
Lack of cadastre makes Difficult
Valuation
Land tax is paid based on the land
area, location & land use
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CADASTRE IN ETHIOPIA
c) Surveying & Mapping
Since its establishment the EMA produces
large scale aerial photographs ranging
from 1:8000 to 1:20,000
For planning purpose it also provides
maps on scales 1:2,000; 1:2,500;
1:5,000; and 1:10,000
Old and un updated aerial photographs &
maps
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EFFORTS SO FAR EXERTED
Cadastre System in Addis Ababa after the
1907 proclamation by technical assistance
from France
Establishment of Multipurpose cadastre
system project around 1995
Cadastre Projects in Four Regional Towns
with a Technical Assistance of GTZ
Currently Federal Government Project.
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EFFORTS CONT…
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However, all these efforts could not be Successful, because
Less or no support from decision makers,
Less or no adequate technical knowledge about cadastre,
Institutional, legal and financial problems,
Absence or weak central coordination,
All the projects rushed to implementation without any
project document,
Absence or lack of appropriate trainings,
Lack of qualified manpower, Poor or no quality control
mechanism,
Underutilization of modern instruments, and
Lack of capacity or initiative to create awareness at all
levels or for all stakeholders.
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PROBLEMS IDENTIFIED
The main problems and reasons, which
initiate the need for establishing a
cadastral or land information system
a) Inadequate and incomplete transfer
registration.
b) Considerable residents in urban areas
lack title for their property.
c) Increasing land disputes.
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PROBLEMS CONT…
d) Problems identified in the process of assessment
by the Municipality:
– Absence of sufficient information for valuation
– That there is no appealing procedure
– There is no accountability or checking
mechanisms
– There is no specifically assigned and trained
personnel
– the whole procedure of assessment is free for
back door dealings.
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PROBLEMS CONT…
e) Squatter settlements or illegal
constructions are growing alarmingly
f) Due to lack of sufficient information,
it is impossible to plan and
implement development projects.
g) Inadequate revenue collection from
land and building.
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Conclusion: Some Key Issues
The need for land information system
has become an urgent necessity.
Many cities are currently considering
GIS as a vital tool in their strategy to
improve the quality and control of
urban planning and management
Towns in our country would benefit a
lot from establishing an evolutionary
cadastral system.
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Conclusion: Some Key Issues
Decide which government organ and at
which level is to be responsible. Because
information concerning land is of common
interest to various agencies.
Improve the institutional capacity of
municipalities. Moreover, make sure that
data collection is not an end by itself.
Introduce proper methods of valuation for
properties.
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Conclusion: Some Key Issues
Make the public and other potential
users of cadastral system aware of
the purpose, benefits and obligatory
procedures.
Consider the activity establishing the
system as a process rather than an
end by itself.
Cadastre and land registration
require a proper legal basis.
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Urban Cadastre In Ethiopia
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