Transcript Bild 1
Recent trends and experiences of development of integrated cadastral information systems Tommy Österberg Senior Technical Adviser Namn Efternamn, 2015-07-07, Plats Integrated Cadastral Information Systems • Graphic and attribute data about cadastral units (Cadastre) • Registration of Rights to Land (Real Property), Land Registry/ Real Property Registry • Changes form nationalised to private land rights • Information and communication technology development • GIS business development • Sustainable land development 2015-07-07 2 Registration of land rights • • • • Occupancy of land Establishment of boundaries, Family rights, group rights Real property markets • Formal rules about transactions, publishing in court decisions or on documents (title-deeds registration) • Deed registration- former Roman Empire • Title registration (Northern- Central Europe) • Torrens system (British- French colonies) 2015-07-07 3 Cadastre • • • • • • • A governmental interest Ancient flood cultures Ottoman Empire Gustav Vasa (Sweden) Maria Theresia Napoleon I etc For rural development and fiscal purposes Systematic mapping of villages of size of parcels and its values 2015-07-07 4 Title reforms 1800• Land registration became more or less obligatory • Fiscal cadastre used for definition of real properties, cadastral plans and parcel identification in the land registry in Northern and Central Europe, the legal cadastre established • In England, the concept of general boundaries and cadastral plans based on topographic maps, • Torrens system, Australia and many colonies, cadastral plans prepared for land allocations, • In Southern Europe, fiscal cadastre remained for mainly fiscal purposes without connections to deed registration. 2015-07-07 5 Cadastral mapping • Systematic village maps, island maps with locally defined geodetic orientation, Cassini or orthogonal projection • GNSS ans GIS require new geodetic systems, ITRF, ETRF and projection system like UTM • Transformation process will change length of boundaries, areas etc and sometimes creating legal problems • Definition of legal boundaries, marks on the ground or the cadastral map. General boundaries 2015-07-07 6 Integration in Sweden 1500- Fiscal Cadastre Jord Book 1600- Geometric Jord Book 1700- Land consolidation 1875- Title registration obligatory 1908- Real Property Register, based on Jord Book created and base for title registration, fiscal cadastre and population register • 1970- Central Board for Real Estate Data created to build a common IT system for the Land Registry and the Real Property Registry • 2008 Land registration offices transferred to Lantmäteriet, now Mapping, Cadastre and Land Registration Authority • • • • • 2015-07-07 7 Co-operation with users and producers Real Property formation SLM KLM Land Registration Base production IM Buildings, address, plans, etc.. Municipality Restrictions on Environment,Monument s, etc.. NV, RAÄ, Lst RSV VV VV VV PRV Municipality SCB 2015-07-07 8 Former Socialistic Countries • Land nationalised but private ownership to buildings could remain • Different organisations for valuation of the land , Land Resources Committees and for buildings, Technical Inventory Bureaus. • After fall of communism, establishment of right registration • Tendency to integrate, land resource committees, rights registration, building registration and also official mapping in one organisation • In Eastern Europe, some countries have integrated organisations, Real Estate Cadastre, Hungary, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Serbia, Macedonia 2015-07-07 9 Integration in European Union • EULIS, make land information available • INSPIRE, common standards for geographic information, 2015-07-07 10 INSPIRE Information Flow Data resources Users INSPIRE specifications request for information services Local data National and Subnational SDI National and Subnational SDI European Data Discovery Service Utility & Public Services Technical Integration/ harmonisation Commercial & Professional Users Harmonised Data policy Research Collaborative agreements European Data Government & Administrations Local data NGOs and not-for-profit orgs delivery of information services Citizens National and Subnational SDI SDI – Spatial Data Infrastructure 2015-07-07 ISO 11 Africa • Traditional customary rights dominate 70-90% of the area • Colonial powers introduced statutory systems, deeds and title registration • Informal settlements, 50-70% of urban population • Land nationalised, occupancy rights, ground rent, municipal rates, • Condominium of rights, development of procedures, registration of objects like rooms, buildings etc, not necessarily boundaries. 2015-07-07 12 METHODOLOGY • Structure numbering 2015-07-07 13 Conclusions • Tendency integration, customers need information, cost-efficiency, sustainable land use policies • Unique parcel identification, administrative units, geometric coordinates, street addresses • Organisation, common IT system, merging of organisations, etc • Presentation of legal boundaries on maps in different geodetic systems, legal boundaries on the ground, general boundaries? • Land surveyors and notaries need to change their profession? 2015-07-07 14