Transcript ICT for Development Ellen Olafsen, infoDev Global Public Policy Conference 2007 Cairo, November 6, 2007

ICT for Development
Ellen Olafsen, infoDev
Global Public Policy Conference 2007
Cairo, November 6, 2007
About infoDev
Our Programs:
A multi-donor consortium hosted by the
World Bank
Our Mission:
to enable effective use of information and
communication technologies to promote
sustainable development
Our Services:
Applied Research - Pilot Projects
Capacity Building - Advisory Services
www.infodev.org
Monitoring and Evaluation
Access
Innovation
& Entrepreneurship
Mainstreaming
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ICTs are tools that can
cause and accelerate change.
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ICT contribution to:
…economic growth
...investments
China: Wireless economic impact, % of GDP
2005, USD billions
$108
5%
End user:
•
Enterprise
$37
productivity
1.7%
•
Consumer Use
5%
Indirect impact from
non-operator players
along value chain
Direct impact from
operators
$47
Telecom FDI versus Total FDI in SSA
(2000-2004)
35% of total FDI in SSA was from
telecom Source: World Bank WDI (2007)
Telecom FDI,
$20 billion
2.2%
1.1%
Other FDI,
$36 billion
$24
Source: McKinsey & Co.
...employment
India: IT-enabled services industry
1% increase in teledensity
contributes to 0.6% of GDP growth
exports USD 23 billion and
www.infodev.orgemploys 1.3 million people
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Impact Across Sectors
Sector
Potential access to:
Impact:
Tourism
Customers
Sales
Crafts
Market information
Challenges:
Trust
Export – Import
Regs
Trends
Quality/Standards
Agriculture
Know-how
Productivity
Fishing
Weather
Safety
Manufacturing
Supplies/technology
Sales
Standards
Margins
Relevant, timely
content
Volume
Appropriate
technology
Market preferences
Price information
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Bringing Banking
to the Poor
80 percent of the developing country
population do not have access to
banking services
• Receive or
send remittances
• Collect or make
payments
• Save money
safely
In the Philippines 3.5 million
people use mobile to transfer
money domestically and
internationally
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“My bank in my pocket”
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Amplifying Voices
Xiamin, China – June 2007
Rangoon, Burma – September 2007
• Government plans to set up
•32% live below poverty line
dangerous chemical plant in lowincome neighborhood
•Buddhist monks launch largest
civil society pro-democracy
demonstration in decamdes
• Demonstrations organized via SMS
– 1million people received the
message. News spread via blogs,
media
• Government suspends
construction of the plant
• Citizens spread information on
blogs, websites, Flickr, YouTube,
online greeting cards, Facebook,
conventional media
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• Regime cuts internet, phone, etc.
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Improving Education
Challenges
Opportunities
• Access to education
• Distance learning for students and
teachers
• Quality of education
• Teacher training
• Student skills
• Administration
• Self-help
internet-based learning for
Opportunities
teachers + access to more
information/knowledge for curriculum
design
•Increase efficiency, responsiveness and
transparency in administration
Lessons
•Teachers learning new skills and changing
curriculum (World Links)
•Impact on student achievement?
www.infodev.org
• Appropriate
technology, training in use 9
and maintenance.
Other examples…
Governance and Anti Corruption
- Financial Mgmt Systems for fiscal control
- e-Procurement for efficiency in purchasing
China: Online business
application. Reduced registration
from 2-3 months to 10-15 days.
- e-simplification of business processes
Kenya: Vehicle registration system.
Reduced processing time from 1
month to 1 day.
- efficiency via computerized trade logistics
- e-customs clearance
Natural Resource Management
-Improved water management and water security
- GIS, Weather warning systems
- Early warning systems, disaster Management
systems, communication under emergency,
electronic bulletinboards to find
relatives,coordination of aid response
Andhra Pradesh: State-wide
broadband network built by PPP.
Reduced cost of government
communications $11m to $3m.
Health
-Improved disease surveillance, vaccination
planning via GIS
- Improved access to medical knowledge and
diagnostic tools
- Improved Admin. of Health Facilities
www.infodev.org
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The bottom line:
ICT can increase:
• Access to information and knowledge (increases awareness,
effectiveness)
• The speed of communication (saves time and money)
• The number of contacts you have access to (reduced dependency on
a few, opportunity to sell to/buy from/reach more)
• Access to transactions (increases access to services and products)
• Information
• Communication
• Transactions
Human empowerment
Economic and social opportunities
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What is needed to realize this potential?
Put the development issue first!
1. What is the development problem we aim to solve?
2. What is the cause of the problem?
3. What interventions are needed to overcome them?
4. How can ICT help?
Then – is the right ICT infrastructure and policies in place to allow
for this?
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Access to ICT
Remarkable progress:
2.7 Billion mobile subscribers in the world, 15,000 new subscribers every day
Almost 70% of households worldwide have access to mobile service
170 economies have made
broadband commercially
available
In developing
countries internet
access grew by
27% over one year
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Is the Divide Closing or Widening?
But…there are
now more
mobile
subscribers in
the developing
world than in
the developed
countries…illust
rating the
demand for
access…
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Market Gaps Remain
Internet
VOIP
Fixed
Broadband
Mobile
Coverage
Access/Use
Quality
Costs (TCO)
Content
Africa:
17% have access to mobile (up from
1% in the 90s)
4% have access to the internet. They
pay the most in the world for the
slowest connection speeds.
Only 18% of the World’s
recorded information is
digital.
Source: Google
.0
Americas Digital
Europe
Information
18%
Internet Users
/ 100
Non-Digital
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ICT for Development
an enduring agenda
We have seen the impact…
But challenges remain:
•
•
•
•
•
•
Large populations do not have quality
affordable access
Limited locally relevant and timely content
and services
Successful ICT intervention remain at a
small scale
Limited knowledge of appropriate
business models
Limited ICT skills
Low commercialization rate of local
innovations
www.infodev.org
A partnership is required
• Government – enabling
environment and catalyst
• Private sector innovation and
drive
• Academic research and skills
• Civil society action
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Thank You!
Ellen Olafsen
[email protected]
www.infodev.org
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