Chemistry Notes Covalent Bonding Diagrams An Addendum to Lewis Structures Carbon and silicon are exceptions to the pattern of how to place electrons in a Lewis.
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Transcript Chemistry Notes Covalent Bonding Diagrams An Addendum to Lewis Structures Carbon and silicon are exceptions to the pattern of how to place electrons in a Lewis.
Chemistry Notes
Covalent Bonding
Diagrams
An Addendum to Lewis Structures
Carbon
and silicon are
exceptions to the pattern of
how to place electrons in a
Lewis Dot Structure.
An Addendum to Lewis Structures
This
is because they have
hybrid orbitals (where the s
and p sublevels blend
together and have four equal
energy orbitals.)
Covalent Bonding
A
covalent bond occurs
between two non-metals
Electrostatic bonding does
not occur—in other words,
there is no “give and take” of
electrons
It ends up being a “tug of war” of
electrons
Where the electrons end up
somewhere in the middle.
Single Bonds
A
single bond occurs when
one pair of electrons is
shared by two atoms.
This pair of bonded electrons
is called a shared pair.
Double and Triple Bonds
Double
bonds occur when
two atoms have two shared
pair of electrons
Triple bonds occur when two
atoms share three pair of
electrons
Covalent Bonding Diagrams
Like the ionic bonding diagrams,
first draw the dot diagram for
each element
Now, however, the electrons are
not being given away or taken,
but shared; so signify a pair
being shared by circling both
electrons.
Covalent Bonding Diagrams
Every
element should have
eight electrons (count each
shared pair as two).
If there is more than one of
each element in the
compound, you have to have
a central atom.
Covalent Bonding Diagrams
The
center atom will be
the one with the most
spots to bond to.
Hydrogen
Since
hydrogen is in the first
energy level, it will not need 8
valence electrons to be
stable—it will only need 2.
H2
H2O
Cl2
O2
N2
CCl4
CO2
HCN
PCl3
H2O2
C2H4
CSF2
CO