Chemical Bonding Chemical Bonds • Compound are formed from chemically bound atoms or ions • Bonding only involves the valence electrons Chemical Bonds • Defn – force.
Download ReportTranscript Chemical Bonding Chemical Bonds • Compound are formed from chemically bound atoms or ions • Bonding only involves the valence electrons Chemical Bonds • Defn – force.
Chemical Bonding Chemical Bonds • Compound are formed from chemically bound atoms or ions • Bonding only involves the valence electrons Chemical Bonds • Defn – force holding two atoms together • How are they formed? Atoms gain, lose, or share valence electrons • Why does bonding occur? Stability – achieve octet rule Covalent Bonding Covalent Bond • Defn – two atoms share one pair of electrons A• •B A •• B Electrons shared Covalent Bonds • Where are these bonds found? - molecules (molecular compounds) - polyatomic ions Covalent Bonding • What’s going on? Sharing of electrons • Molecule – formed when 2 or more atoms bond covalently Covalent Bonding Properties Bond Formation Electrons are shared between two nonmetal atoms Type of Structure True molecules Physical State Liquid or gas, brittle solids Melting Point Low Solubility in Water Usually not Electrical Conductivity No Naming Covalent Compounds • Prefix System (binary compounds) 1. Less e-neg atom comes first. 2. Add prefixes to indicate # of atoms. Omit mono- prefix on first element. 3. Change the ending of the second element to -ide. C. Molecular Nomenclature PREFIX monoditritetrapentahexaheptaoctanonadeca- NUMBER 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Covalent Compound Names z CCl4 carbon tetrachloride z N 2O dinitrogen monoxide z SF6 sulfur hexafluoride Covalent Formulas z arsenic trichloride AsCl3 z dinitrogen pentoxide N2O5 z tetraphosphorus decoxide P4O10