Transcript Chapter Lecture Chapter10 1 Lecture HUMAN ANATOMY Fifth Edition Chapter 10 The Muscular System: Axial Musculature Frederic Martini Michael Timmons Robert Tallitsch Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings.

Chapter
Lecture
Chapter10
1 Lecture
HUMAN ANATOMY
Fifth Edition
Chapter 10
The Muscular System:
Axial Musculature
Frederic Martini
Michael Timmons
Robert Tallitsch
Copyright © 2005 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings
Introduction
• The axial musculature arises on the axial
skeleton.
– It positions the head and vertebral column.
– It moves the rib cage.
– It does not play a role in the movement or
stabilization of the pectoral or pelvic girdles or
the limbs.
• Roughly 60% of the skeletal muscles in
the body are axial muscles.
Introduction
• The axial muscles fall into four groups
based on location and/or function:
– Muscles of the head and neck:
•
•
•
•
•
Laughing
Talking
Frowning
Smiling
Whistling
• Sucking
• Chewing
• Swallowing
• Contractions of
the eye muscles
– Muscles of the vertebral column
– Oblique and rectus muscles:
• diaphragm
– Muscles of the pelvic floor
Superficial Skeletal Muscles
Figure 10.1 Anterior Muscles
Figure 10.2 Posterior Muscles
Muscles of the Head and Neck
• The muscles of the head and neck can be
subdivided into several groups.
– Muscles of facial expression
– Extra-ocular muscles
– Muscles of mastication
– Muscles of the tongue
– Muscles of the pharynx
– Anterior muscles of the neck
Muscles of Facial Expression
Figure 10.3a Anterior Muscles
Figure 10.4a Lateral Muscles
Extra-ocular Muscles
Figure 10.5a Lateral, Right Eye
Figure 10.5b Medial, Right eye
Extra-ocular Muscles
Figure 10.5c Anterior, Right Eye
Figure 10.5d Anterior, Right Orbit
Muscles of Mastication
Figure 10.6a Lateral Muscles
Figure 10.6b Deep Lateral Muscles
Muscles of the Tongue
Figure 10.8 Muscles of the Tongue
Muscles of the Pharynx
Figure 10.9a Lateral View
Figure 10.9b Midsagittal View
Anterior Muscles of the Neck
Figure 10.10a Anterior Muscles
Figure 10.10b Superior View
Muscles of the Head and Neck
• Summary of the head and neck muscles
PLAY
The Head and Neck
Muscles of the Vertebral Column
• The muscles of the back form three
distinct layers:
– Superficial: move the neck
– Intermediate: extend the vertebral column
– Deep: interconnect vertebrae
Muscles of the Vertebral Column:
Superficial and Intermediate Layers
Figure 10.12a Superficial and Intermediate Muscles
Erector Spinae
• Summary of the erector spinae muscles
PLAY
The Erector Spinae Muscles
Muscles of the Vertebral Column:
Deep Layer
Figure 10.12b Intervertebral Muscles
Muscles of the Vertebral Column:
Spinal Flexors
Figure 10.12c Anterior Vertebral Muscles
Oblique and Rectus Muscles
• The muscles of the oblique and rectus
groups lie between the vertebral column
and the ventral midline.
• The oblique muscles can compress
underlying structures or rotate the
vertebral column, depending on whether
one or both sides are contracting.
• The rectus muscles are important flexors
of the vertebral column, acting in
opposition to the erector spinae.
Oblique and Rectus Muscles
Figure 10.13a Anterior View
Figure 10.13b Horizontal Section
Oblique and Rectus Muscles:
The Diaphragm
Figure 10.14a Inferior View
Oblique and Rectus Muscles:
The Diaphragm
Figure 10.14b Superior View
Muscles of the Pelvic Floor
• Muscles of the pelvic floor have three main
functions:
– Support the organs of the pelvic cavity
– Flex the joints of the sacrum and coccyx
– Control the movement of materials through
the urethra and anus
Muscles of the Pelvic Floor
Figure 10.15a Female
Muscles of the Pelvic Floor
Figure 10.15b Male