Transcript Selecting Plants for the Design Chapter 7 Plants: Building Blocks of the Landscape  The residential landscape is made of different elements.

Selecting Plants for the Design
Chapter 7
Plants: Building Blocks
of the Landscape
 The residential landscape is made of different
elements. They are the plant materials and
the physical structures.
 Physical structures in the landscape are
patios, walls, fences,
Plants: Building Blocks
of the Landscape
 Plant Types:
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Trees
Shrubs
Groundcover
Vines
Annuals
Perennials
Ornamental Grasses
Plants: Building Blocks
of the Landscape
 Trees:
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can be defined as a single stem, woody,
perennial plant reaching the height of 12 feet or
more
Plants: Building Blocks
of the Landscape
 Shrubs:
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are multi-stem, woody plants that do not exceed
20 feet in height. In general shrubs are usually
as tall as they are wide. They may be deciduous
or evergreen
Some examples of shrubs are: viburnums,
honeysuckles, spireas, hollies, junipers and yews
Plants: Building Blocks
of the Landscape
 Ground cover:
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May be woody or herbaceous. It forms a mat
less than 1 foot high covering the ground.
Grasses is the most common plant used as a
ground cover.
Examples of other ground covers are: English
ivy, periwinkle (vinca) euonymus , and Japanese
spurge
Plants: Building Blocks
of the Landscape
 Vines:
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are woody or herbaceous (soft stemmed) plants
that require some type of support. They may
climb on objects or creep along the ground.
Some examples of vines are: Boston ivy,
wisteria, and clemtis
Plants: Building Blocks
of the Landscape
 Annuals:
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Are herbaceous plants that live for one growing
season and are valued for the color of their
flowers or ornamental foliage adds to the
landscape.
Common annuals are : Impatiens, marigolds,
petunias, coleus, and zinnias
Plants: Building Blocks
of the Landscape
 Perennials:
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is a plant that has a life cycle of more than two
growing seasons. They may be called woody as
with trees and shrubs or herbaceous.
Some popular perennials are: daylilies, peonies,
lilies, and iris.
Plants: Building Blocks
of the Landscape
 Ornamental Grasses:
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Are valued for their texture and colors that add
interest to the landscape. Ornamental grasses can
be annuals or perennials. Some grow best in
warm climates while others prefer cool climates
Plants: Building Blocks
of the Landscape
 What is plant nomenclature?
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it is the naming of the plants. All plants have
two types of names:
Common Name
Botanical Name
Plants: Building Blocks
of the Landscape
 What is the genius?
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it is closely related group of plants comprised of
one or more species
Plants: Building Blocks
of the Landscape
 What is a species?
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it is composed of plants that show
characteristics that distinguish them from other
groups in the genius
Plants: Building Blocks
of the Landscape
 What is a variety:
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Is a group of plants within a species that show
a significant difference from other plants in the
species.
Plants: Building Blocks
of the Landscape
 What is a cultivars?
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a plant with a distinguishing characteristic from
other plants in the species but does not transfer
that characteristic to it off spring through sexual
reproduction
Selecting Plants
 Trees:
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Are the largest and most permanent plant
material used in landscaping
Trees that are smaller and have a higher
ornamental value are often called ornamental
trees.
Examples of ornamental trees are flowering
dogwoods, flowering crabapples, redbud, and
Japanese maple.
Selecting Plants
 Trees:
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Hardiness refers to the ability of a tree to
withstand cold temperatures . Trees have
differing abilities to survive in areas in the
United States.
Selecting Plants
 Trees:
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choose resistant to disease and insect problems.
If a tree has beautiful characteristics but is
susceptible to insect infections and diseases, its
value is reduced
Selecting Plants
 Trees:
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They may also have a common problem involving the pH
of the soil . pH is a measure of acidity and alkalinity of
the soil
pH scale ranges from a extremely acid reading of 1 to
and extremely alkaline reading of 14 . A neutral reading
is 7 . Most plants prefer a pH between 5.5 and 7.0
Selecting Plants
 Shrubs:
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Shrubs can have multiple functions in the
landscape . The can be used as specimen plants,
group plantings, hedges, screens, foundation
plants, or shrub borders.
Select shrubs on their intended use. Also
consider their flowers, foliage, branching habits,
and their suitability to the growing conditions
Selecting Plants
 What is a Specimen Plant?
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it displays outstanding form, texture, and color.
The plant can also stand alone
Selecting Plants
 What is a group planting?
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consist of several different species of shrubs.
They are considered a overlapping plant that will
reach over plants to form a huge mass.
Selecting Plants
 What is a Hedge?
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consist of all one type of shrub. The define
space , they tie other landscapes elements
together and they may screen views
They can range from 20 feet to 1 foot high.
They can be clipped for a formal appearance or
unclipped for an informal natural look.
Selecting Plants
 What is a Screen?
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is a solid mass of one type of shrub. It serves
as a living wall that effectively blocks views.
Selecting Plants
 What is a foundation plant?
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Are shrubs placed around the foundation of the
house. They help tie the house to the landscape
by softening the corners and they block the view
of the foundation
Selecting Plants
 What is a shrub border?
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A mass of many shrubs on the border of the
property . They help create the outdoor living
area, screen views, and serve as a backdrop for
annual and perennial flowers
Drawing Plants into your Plan
 It is helpful to use symbols in your design
work that represents the different types of
plants. The symbols styles used vary from
one designer to the other.
Drawing Plants into your Plan
 Here are some examples of plant symbols
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Deciduous Tree
-- Ground Cover
Evergreen Tree
--Gravel
Broadleaf Evergreen tree
Deciduous shrubs
Evergreen shrubs
Deciduous Hedge
Evergreen Hedge
Broadleaf Evergreen Hedge
Cobbles
Drawing Plants into your Plan
 Labeling:
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The most important thing after drawing in your
plants is to label each one and to make sure to
keep thing nice and neat to read.
Lets Review!!
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The Design Steps!!
Step 7 Locate Trees on the plan
Step 8 Locate Shrubs
Step 9 Assign textures and colors
Step 10 Select plants to meet needs
Step 11 Trace the plan on to quality vellum. Draw
plant symbols on the good plan
 Step 12 Label everything
Geometry for the
Landscape
Objectives
 By the end of this lesson you will be able to
calculate:
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the perimeter of a given section of land
the area of given section of land
the volume of container
Terms
 diameter (d)- the line that divides a circle
into two equal parts
 radius ( r)- one half the diameter
 pi () - 3.14 or 22/7
 height- line segment that shows how tall a
triangle is. It is always drawn from a corner
of the triangle to the opposite side forming a
90 degree angle.
Terms continued
 perimeter(P)- the distance around
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the sum of all sides
How much fence do you need to go around a yard?
 Circumference (C)- perimeter of a circle
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C= diameter X 
How much edging do you need to go around a
flower bed?
Terms Continued
 volume (V)- how much fits in a given space
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Volume of a box= area of bottom X height
Volume of a sphere+ 4/3 X pi X radius X radius
X radius
How much soil do you need to fill a flower pot?
More Terms
 area (A)- the space inside the perimeter
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rectangle= side X side
triangle= (base X height)/2
circle= radius X radius X 
How many square feet of sod do you need to
order to cover the yard?
Example of perimeter
Examples of area rectangle
Examples of area circle
Examples of Area of Triangle
Volume
Notes
 If a shape is not standard break it down into
smaller standard shapes to make
calculations
 Calculations must be done in the same unit
of measurement (change feet to inches or
vice versa as needed)
 Simplify all answers, do not write feet as
decimals, convert to inches.
Units
 Perimeter- feet, inches, cm, m, mm,
yards…….
 Area- sq. feet, sq. inches, sq. cm, sq.
yards…...
 Volume- cubic feet, cubic inches, cubic cm,
cubic yards…….
Homework problems
1.How many cubic feet of mulch do you need
to buy if you are mulching a 3 foot ring three
inches deep around 4 trees that are 1 foot
each in diameter?
2. How much soil is needed to fill 24 planters
that are 1 ft wide, 6 feet long, and 1ft 6
inches deep?
3. Find the perimeter
of the yard to the
right.
4. How many sq. feet
of sod would be
needed to cover the
yard at the right?
38’
5. If three inches of snow had to be removed
from a walk pictured below, how many
cubic ft of snow would be removed?
46’
50’
The End
 Any Questions!!