Transcript The Policy Stages & Multiple Streams Frameworks, and their Use at DOH Marilyn Sitaker, MPH Washington State NOPREN Quarterly Meeting November 29, 2010

The Policy Stages & Multiple Streams
Frameworks, and their Use at DOH
Marilyn Sitaker, MPH
Washington State NOPREN Quarterly Meeting
November 29, 2010
Definitions*
 Policy: A principle, plan, or course of action, as pursued by a
government, organization, individual, etc.
 Policy Making: The act or process of setting and directing the
course of action to be pursued by a government, business, etc
 Levels:
• Individuals/Parents
• Institutions: schools, worksites
• Communities, cities, counties
• State
*Based on Webster’s Colligiate Dictionary
The Multiple Streams Model
Created by John Kingdon
Agendas & Alternatives
Agenda setting is the process that determines
which issues officials pay serious attention to at any
given time.
Alternative Specification narrows the large set of
possible policy alternatives to a smaller set from
which choices are actually made.
Kingdon’s 3 Process Streams
 Problem stream involves persuading policy makers to pay
attention to one problem over others (aka agenda-setting).
Policy proposals will rise to the top of the agenda when the associated problem is
recognized as important. This depends on how it is framed or brought to policy
maker’s attention (e.g., through data or focusing events).
 Proposal stream is the process by which policy proposals are
generated, debated, revised, and put forth for serious
consideration.
More likely to be successful if perceived as technically feasible, compatible with
policymaker’s values, reasonable in cost, and appealing to the public.
 Politics stream refers to political factors that influence agendas,
such as changes in elected officials, political climate or mood, and
the voices of advocacy or opposition groups.
Coupling the Streams
 The three streams have lives of
their own
 The probability of rising on the
agenda is increased if all 3
streams are joined
 Partial couplings between 2
streams are less likely to result
in policy changes
Policy Entrepreneurs
 Can be elected officials, career civil servants, lobbyists,
academics, journalists
 Entrepreneurs:
 Highlight indicators of the problem to dramatize it
 Push for one kind of problem definition over another – invite
policymakers to see for themselves
 Present specific policies as the solution to a problem on the agenda
 “Soften up” by writing papers, giving testimony, holding hearings, getting
press coverage, meeting endlessly…..
 Entrepreneurs convince officials to see the problem the way they
want it to be seen—and to use the solutions they propose.
Windows of Opportunity
Windows open when:
 Problems “float” by that advocates can attach their policy
solutions to
 The political stream is advantageous
Windows don’t stay open long. Policy entrepreneurs can
push their solutions when windows of opportunity open.
 Make the critical couplings when policy windows open
 Political connections and negotiating skills add to ability to move
policy forward
The Policy Stages Framework
Created by James Emery & Carolyn Crump
UNC School of Public Health
DHPE Model
with Steps in the
Policy, Systems,
and Built
Environment
Change
Approach
Processes for Changing Policies,
Environments and Systems
Problem Identification
Clarify the problem & frame/
define it for Policy Agendas
Policy formulation
Conduct analyses to identify a
solution to promote
Advocacy
Promote the solution to decision-makers
Implementation
Ensure that enacted changes becomes
rule/processes/budgets
James Emery,
MPH & Carolyn
Crump, PhD
UNC School of
Public Health
Evaluation
Evaluate the impact in terms of each
process and overall goal
HPEC Competencies in Five Domains
1. Analyze & articulate the problem
a. Collects, summarizes, & interprets relevant information
b. Defines the problem needing a policy, system, or environmental solution
2. Propose a solution
a. Defines criteria for selecting among various options
b. Records options in clear & concise written statements
c. Estimates the health, fiscal, legal, social, & political implications of each option
d. Predicts the feasibility & expected outcomes of each option
e. Analyzes the options using decision analysis methods (e.g., cost-benefit)
f. Builds consensus for the chosen course of action
3. Influence the change process
a. Plans a policy/system/environmental change approach
b. Educates decision-makers, media, partners, & the general public by providing
relevant information (i.e., become an informational resource)
c. Frames messages & tailors materials to influence the change process
d. Implements policy-advocacy strategies
e. Implements communications strategies to impact social learning, agenda
setting, & message framing
f. Monitors the change process & its outcome
.
HPEC Competencies in Five Domains, Continued
Monitor the implementation process
a. Predicts how the relevant bureaucratic entities (e.g., agencies,
departments) might implement the enacted changes
b. Plans how to monitor & assist each entity as it develops the budgets,
rules, guidelines & procedures necessary to implement the enacted
change
c. Assists entities with planning for structural & programmatic adjustments
d. Monitors the implementation process to document how the solution is or
is not functioning as intended
5. Evaluate the impact
a. Develops mechanisms to monitor policy/system/environmental change
b. Evaluates the impact of the change
c. Incorporates evaluation findings into future planning & analysis efforts
From Public Health Solutions Through Changes in Policies, Systems,
and the Built Environment (www.dhpe.org/HPEC_Comps_Phase_Final.pdf)
How DOH uses Policy Frameworks for
Evaluation
Distilling concepts from
both models into useful
evaluation tools
Reporting Agency:
Action Plan Activity:
Desired PES Change:
Problem
Identification
1. What is the
problem
needing a PES
solution?
2. What have
you done to
collect,
summarize
and interpret
information
relevant to the
issue?
15
HEALTHY COMMUNITIES POLICY DEVELOPMENT REPORT FORM
Report Period
Topic:
Setting:
MAPPS Strategy:
Policy
Advocacy
Implementation
formulation
Describe the issue
(problem) that you will
address in this activity
Evaluation
Ex:Lack of connectivity and features
of the streetscape are barriers to
walking.
Reporting Agency:
Action Plan Activity:
Desired PES Change:
Problem
Identification
HEALTHY COMMUNITIES POLICY DEVELOPMENT REPORT FORM
Report Period
Topic:
Setting:
MAPPS Strategy:
Policy
Advocacy
Implementation
formulation
1. What is the
problem
needing a PES
solution?
2. What have
you done to
collect,
summarize
and interpret
information
relevant to the
issue?
16
Includes compiling new or
existing data, holding
community forums and focus
groups to assess public
opinion or gauge readiness
and will of decision makers
Ex: Staff work with
neighborhood partners
to survey residents and
map out destinations
that residents say they
want to be able to walk
to
Evaluation
Reporting Agency:
Action Plan Activity:
Desired PES Change:
Problem
Identification
HEALTHY COMMUNITIES POLICY DEVELOPMENT REPORT FORM
Report Period
Topic:
Setting:
MAPPS Strategy:
Policy
Advocacy
Implementation
formulation
1. What is the 1. Who are your
problem
partners?
needing a PES
solution?
2. What have
you done to
2. What have build your
you done to
partnership or
collect,
secure funding?
summarize
and interpret 3. What have
information
you done to
relevant to the develop or
refine the
issue?
desired PES
change?
17
Evaluation
Ex: For a community
Includes the name, garden project,
sector, and roles of potential partners might
partners that help include the LHJ,
university extension
your leadership
team do the work service, and local food
policy council
Reporting Agency:
Action Plan Activity:
Desired PES Change:
Problem
Identification
HEALTHY COMMUNITIES POLICY DEVELOPMENT REPORT FORM
Report Period
Topic:
Setting:
MAPPS Strategy:
Policy
Advocacy
Implementation
formulation
1. What is the 1. Who are your
problem
partners?
needing a PES
solution?
2. What have
you done to
2. What have build your
you done to
partnership or
collect,
secure funding?
summarize
and interpret 3. What have
information
you done to
relevant to the develop or
refine the
issue?
desired PES
change?
18
Briefly describe
activities undertaken
by your partners
such as partnership
recruitment and
development and
fund raising.
Ex: Mobilize youth to
help assess current
tobacco advertising
Evaluation
Reporting Agency:
Action Plan Activity:
Desired PES Change:
Problem
Identification
HEALTHY COMMUNITIES POLICY DEVELOPMENT REPORT FORM
Report Period
Topic:
Setting:
MAPPS Strategy:
Policy
Advocacy
Implementation
formulation
1. What is the 1. Who are your
problem
partners?
needing a PES
solution?
2. What have
you done to
2. What have build your
you done to
partnership or
collect,
secure funding?
summarize
and interpret 3. What have
information
you done to
relevant to the develop or
refine the
issue?
desired PES
change?
19
As you move
through the
domains of policy
development you
will probably make
modifications &
add detail to the
PES change
Evaluation
Ex: The original PES change stated
“Establish two community gardens”.
Actions to refine the PES change
included: “Based on assessment,
proposed that the Hillyard
neighborhood be prioritized for
community gardens, because low
income residents would benefit the
most.”
Reporting Agency:
Action Plan Activity:
Desired PES Change:
Problem
Identification
HEALTHY COMMUNITIES POLICY DEVELOPMENT REPORT FORM
Report Period
Topic:
Setting:
MAPPS Strategy:
Stakeholders are
Policy
those individuals
Advocacy
Implementation
Evaluation
formulation
1. What is the 1. Who are your
problem
partners?
needing a PES
solution?
2. What have
you done to
2. What have build your
you done to
partnership or
collect,
secure funding?
summarize
and interpret 3. What have
information
you done to
relevant to the develop or
refine the
issue?
desired PES
change?
20
1. Who are your stakeholders?
2. What have you done to engage
stakeholders and the general public
in supporting the proposal?
3. Who are the policy or
decisionmakers?
4. What have you done to educate
decision-makers and impact the
agenda setting process?
5. What policy, environmental or
systems change was adopted?
and groups who
are affected by the
PES problem and
who might benefit
from the PES
change.
Ex: For proposed
changes to the
Growth Management
Act pertaining to
school siting,
stakeholders would
include parents,
students, and
community residents
Reporting Agency:
Action Plan Activity:
Desired PES Change:
Problem
Identification
HEALTHY COMMUNITIES POLICY DEVELOPMENT REPORT FORM
Includes presentating
Report Period
to community groups,
Topic:
Setting:
MAPPS Strategy:
holding events to call
Policy
attentionEvaluation
to
Advocacy
Implementation
formulation
1. What is the 1. Who are your
problem
partners?
needing a PES
solution?
2. What have
you done to
2. What have build your
you done to
partnership or
collect,
secure funding?
summarize
and interpret 3. What have
information
you done to
relevant to the develop or
refine the
issue?
desired PES
change?
21
1. Who are your stakeholders?
2. What have you done to engage
stakeholders and the general public
in supporting the proposal?
3. Who are the policy or
decisionmakers?
4. What have you done to educate
decision-makers and impact the
agenda setting process?
5. What policy, environmental or
systems change was adopted?
community problems
& need for policy
solutions, and
communicating to the
public through various
media.
Ex: Presentation from
national complete
streets organization
given, to engage the
neighborhood residents
in supporting proposal
to adopt a Master
Bicycle Plan
Reporting Agency:
Action Plan Activity:
Desired PES Change:
Problem
Identification
HEALTHY COMMUNITIES POLICY DEVELOPMENT REPORT FORM
Report Period
Topic:
Setting:
MAPPS Strategy:
Policy
Advocacy
Implementation
formulation
1. What is the 1. Who are your
problem
partners?
needing a PES
solution?
2. What have
you done to
2. What have build your
you done to
partnership or
collect,
secure funding?
summarize
and interpret 3. What have
information
you done to
relevant to the develop or
refine the
issue?
desired PES
change?
22
Evaluation
1. Who are your stakeholders?
2. What have you done to engage
stakeholders and the general public
in supporting the proposal?
3. Who are the policy or
decisionmakers?
4. What have you done to educate
decision-makers and impact the
agenda setting process?
5. What policy, environmental or
systems change was adopted?
Policymakers are
people who have
the power to allow
or prevent a PES
change to occur
Ex: For a healthy
corner store initiative,
store owners
constitute the
decisionmakers
Reporting Agency:
Action Plan Activity:
Desired PES Change:
Problem
Identification
HEALTHY COMMUNITIES POLICY DEVELOPMENT REPORT FORM
Report Period
Topic:
Setting:
MAPPS Strategy:
Policy
Advocacy
Implementation
Evaluation
formulation
Includes any
1. What is the 1. Who are your
problem
partners?
needing a PES
solution?
2. What have
you done to
2. What have build your
you done to
partnership or
collect,
secure funding?
summarize
and interpret 3. What have
information
you done to
relevant to the develop or
refine the
issue?
desired PES
change?
23
1. Who are your stakeholders?
2. What have you done to engage
stakeholders and the general public
in supporting the proposal?
3. Who are the policy or
decisionmakers?
4. What have you done to educate
decision-makers and impact the
agenda setting process?
5. What policy, environmental or
systems change was adopted?
interaction with
decision makers that
increases their
understanding of the
problem, elevates its
importance, and
makes the proposed
PES change an
attractive option
Ex: Invited local county
and city officials to
community food
assessment planning
workshop and later sent
them a copy of the
workshop report.
Reporting Agency:
Action Plan Activity:
Desired PES Change:
Problem
Identification
HEALTHY COMMUNITIES POLICY DEVELOPMENT REPORT FORM
Report Period
Topic:
Setting:
MAPPS Strategy:
Policy
Advocacy
Implementation
formulation
1. What is the 1. Who are your
problem
partners?
needing a PES
solution?
2. What have
you done to
2. What have build your
you done to
partnership or
collect,
secure funding?
summarize
and interpret 3. What have
information
you done to
relevant to the develop or
refine the
issue?
desired PES
change?
24
Evaluation
1. Who are your stakeholders?
2. What have you done to engage
stakeholders and the general public
in supporting the proposal?
3. Who are the policy or
decisionmakers?
4. What have you done to educate
decision-makers and impact the
agenda setting process?
5. What policy, environmental or
systems change was adopted?
State the specific
PES change that
was adopted.
Ex: City accepted a
code change to
include planting
strips on the outside
of sidewalks
Reporting Agency:
Action Plan Activity:
Desired PES Change:
Problem
Identification
HEALTHY COMMUNITIES POLICY DEVELOPMENT REPORT FORM
Report Period
Topic:
Setting:
MAPPS Strategy:
Any activities
Policy
Advocacy
Implementation
formulation
undertaken by
1. What is the 1. Who are your
problem
partners?
needing a PES
solution?
2. What have
you done to
2. What have build your
you done to
partnership or
collect,
secure funding?
summarize
and interpret 3. What have
information
you done to
relevant to the develop or
refine the
issue?
desired PES
change?
25
1. Who
are your
stakeholders?
LHJs,
partners,
or
1. What have you
done to raise
decision makers to
2. What
have you done
to engage
public awareness
publicize
the PES
stakeholders and the general public of the new PES
change to those
change?
in supporting the proposal?
who will use or be
affected
byorthe
3. Who are
the policy
change
decisionmakers?
Ex: City officials
4. What
have you
done to educate
conduct
a campaign
decision-makers
and impact the
to inform city
agenda
setting process?
residents
about
newly-painted
5. What
policy, environmental
or
“sharrows”
on city
systems
change was adopted?
streets
2. What have you
done to support
implementation?
3. What have you
done to monitor
the implementation process?
Evaluation
Reporting Agency:
Action Plan Activity:
Desired PES Change:
Problem
Identification
HEALTHY COMMUNITIES POLICY DEVELOPMENT REPORT FORM
Report Period
Activities
Topic:
Setting:
undertaken byMAPPS
the Strategy:
Policy
LHJ or by
partners
Advocacy
Implementation
formulation
to provide
1. What is the 1. Who are your
problem
partners?
needing a PES
solution?
2. What have
you done to
2. What have build your
you done to
partnership or
collect,
secure funding?
summarize
and interpret 3. What have
information
you done to
relevant to the develop or
refine the
issue?
desired PES
change?
26
1. Who
are your stakeholders?
examples,
share
1. What have you
done to raise
guidelines, or offer
2. What have you done to engage
public awareness
technical
stakeholders and the general public of the new PES
assistance
change?
in supporting
the proposal?
regarding
3. Whoimplementation
are the policy or of
the PES change.
decisionmakers?
Ex: To support
4. What
have you doneof
toaeducate
implementation
decision-makers
andpolicy,
impact the
tobacco free
agenda
settingthe
process?
provide
local food
bank with bags to
5. What
policy, environmental
or
distribute
harvested
systems
changethat
wasare
adopted?
produce
printed with an antitobacco message.
2. What have you
done to support
implementation?
3. What have you
done to monitor
the implementation process?
Evaluation
Reporting Agency:
Action Plan Activity:
Desired PES Change:
Problem
Identification
HEALTHY COMMUNITIES POLICY DEVELOPMENT REPORT FORM
Report Period
Topic:
Setting:
MAPPS Strategy:
Policy
Includes
checking
Advocacy
Implementation
formulation
whether an
1. What is the 1. Who are your
problem
partners?
needing a PES
solution?
2. What have
you done to
2. What have build your
you done to
partnership or
collect,
secure funding?
summarize
and interpret 3. What have
information
you done to
relevant to the develop or
refine the
issue?
desired PES
change?
27
1. Who areenvironmental
your stakeholders?
1. What have you
done to raise
change has been
2. What have you done to engage
public awareness
put in place, or the
stakeholders and the general public of the new PES
evaluating the
change?
in supporting the proposal?
degree to which a
policy
is enforced
3. Who are
the policy
or
or implemented.
decisionmakers?
community
4. What Ex:
haveFor
youadone
to educate
garden
“plant
a
row”
decision-makers and impact
the
program,
agenda setting process?
documenting that the
provided 100or
5. Whatgarden
policy, environmental
of produce
to the
systems lbs
change
was adopted?
local food bank
would demonstrate
that the change was
carried out as
planned.
2. What have you
done to support
implementation?
3. What have you
done to monitor
the implementation process?
Evaluation
Reporting Agency:
Action Plan Activity:
Desired PES Change:
Problem
Identification
HEALTHY COMMUNITIES POLICY DEVELOPMENT REPORT FORM
Collecting
and
Report
Period
Topic:
Setting:
analyzing data to
MAPPS Strategy:
show how the PES
Policy
change hasImplementation
Advocacy
formulation
1. What is the 1. Who are your
problem
partners?
needing a PES
solution?
2. What have
you done to
2. What have build your
you done to
partnership or
collect,
secure funding?
summarize
and interpret 3. What have
information
you done to
relevant to the develop or
refine the
issue?
desired PES
change?
28
affected
1. What have you
community
done to raise
nutrition,
2. What have you done to
engage physical
public awareness
stakeholders and the generalactivity
public and
of the new PES
tobacco behaviors.
change?
in supporting the proposal?
1. Who are your stakeholders?
3. Who are the policy orEx: Pre and Post2. What have you
surveys showdone
that to support
decisionmakers?
the number ofimplementation?
walking and
4. What have you done children
to educate
bikingthe
to school
has have you
decision-makers and impact
3. What
done to monitor
agenda setting process?increased following
implementation
a
theof
implementsafe routes
school
5. What policy, environmental
or toation
process?
program.
systems change was adopted?
Evaluation
1. What
have you
done to
evaluate the
impact of
the change?
HEALTHY COMMUNITIES POLICY DEVELOPMENT REPORT FORM
Reporting Agency:
Report Period
Action Plan Activity:
Topic:
Setting:
Desired PES Change:
MAPPS Strategy:
Problem
Policy
Advocacy
Implementation
Identification
formulation
1. What is the
1. Who are your
1. Who are your
1. What have you
problem needing partners?
stakeholders?
done to raise public
a policy,
awareness of the
environmental or 2. What have
2. Whatwas
haveayou done
Ex: you
The mayor
ThetoHealthynew policy or
system
(PES)
done to build
engageofstakeholders
and the
environmental
Document
any
keyyour
champion
the
Communities
team
solution?
partnership
or
general
public
in
supporting
the
feature?
circumstances
Healthy Communities
responded by
secure funding?
proposal?
Project. When a new
requesting an
extension
beyond
your
2. What
have you
2. What have you
Mayor
elected,
the
dollars
and
control
that had
a have
done
to collect,
3. What
you was
3. Who
are the
policyoforthe match
done
to support
city council
decided to
suggesting implementation?
that the
summarize
and or
done to develop
decisionmakers?
positive
interpret
or refine the
use funds designated
Trails Committee
negative
influence
information
desired PES
What have
to
What have
for trails 4.
project
for you done
become
an 3.
advisory
to you
on your
relevant
to thesuccess.
change? another purpose.
educate decision-makers
andcouncil
done to monitor the
the city
issue?
impact the agenda setting
implementation
process?
process?
Evaluation
1. What have
you done to
evaluate the
impact of the
change?
5. What policy, environmental
or systems change was
adopted?
Describe any social, economic, or political changes that helped or hindered your work in this period:
29
Using The Form to Understand
a Tobacco Success Story
30
Mason County Tobacco Example: Year 1
HEALTHY COMMUNITIES POLICY DEVELOPMENT REPORT FORM
Reporting Agency: Mason County Health Department
Report Period Year 1, July 2007-June 2008
Action Plan Activity:
Topic:
Setting:
Desired PES Change:
MAPPS Strategy:
Problem Identification
1. What is the problem
needing a policy, environmental or system (PES)
solution?
2. Residents are exposed
to SHS in a HUD
subsidized multi-unit
housing complex.
2. What have you done to
collect, summarize and
interpret information relevant
to the issue?
3. LHJ met with resident
of apartment complex to
hear his complaint &
determine what
additional info to collect.
3. LHJ attended tobacco
coordinator meeting &
learned about the work of
other counties on SHS in
multi-unit housing.
Policy
formulation
1. Who are your
partners?
4. Local Housing
Authority
4. Resident who
filed original
complaint.
2. What have you
done to build your
partnership or secure
funding?
Advocacy
1. Who are your stakeholders?
4. Tenants, management & owners at the apartment
complex.
2. What have you done to engage stakeholders and the general
public in supporting the proposal?
5. LHJ met with apartment management to discuss
benefits of smoke-free housing.
3. Who are the policy or decisionmakers?
4. Apartment ownership
4. What have you done to educate decision-makers and impact
the agenda setting process?
3. What have you
done to develop or
refine the desired PES
change?
7. Owners consult
with a lawyer to
determine legality
of smoke-free
housing.
6. Apartment resident writes a letter encouraging
owners to adopt a smoke-free policy. 6. LHJ contacts
apartment ownership to discuss the benefits.
Implementation
1.What have you done to
raise public awareness of
the new policy or
environmental feature?
8. LHJ and apartment
management meet
with tenants to explain
policy and discuss
cessation resources.
9. LHJ and apartment
management meet
with tenants to explain
policy and discuss
cessation resources.
Evaluation
1. What have
you done to
evaluate the
impact of the
change?
2. What have you done to
support implementation?
3. What have you done to
monitor the
implementation process?
5. What policy, environmental or systems change was adopted?
Describe any social, economic, or political changes that helped or hindered your work in this period:
1. Year 1: Smoking in Public Places law passes and demonstrates a social change around non-smokers rights. Momentum moves in the direction of tobacco
prevention policy work.
Mason County Tobacco Example: Year 2
HEALTHY COMMUNITIES POLICY DEVELOPMENT REPORT FORM
Reporting Agency: Mason County Health Department
Report Period Year 2, July 2008-June 2009
Action Plan Activity:
Topic:
Setting:
Desired PES Change:
MAPPS Strategy:
Problem Identification
1. What is the problem
needing a policy, environmental or system (PES)
solution?
2. Residents are exposed
to SHS in a HUD
subsidized multi-unit
housing complex.
2. What have you done to
collect, summarize and
interpret information relevant
to the issue?
3. LHJ met with resident
of apartment complex to
hear his complaint &
determine what
additional info to collect.
3. LHJ attended tobacco
coordinator meeting &
learned about the work of
other counties on SHS in
multi-unit housing.
Policy
formulation
1. Who are your
partners?
4. Local Housing
Authority
4. Resident who
filed original
complaint.
2. What have you
done to build your
partnership or secure
funding?
Advocacy
1. Who are your stakeholders?
4. Tenants, management & owners at the apartment
complex.
2. What have you done to engage stakeholders and the general
public in supporting the proposal?
5. LHJ met with apartment management to discuss
benefits of smoke-free housing.
3. Who are the policy or decisionmakers?
4. Apartment ownership
4. What have you done to educate decision-makers and impact
the agenda setting process?
3. What have you
done to develop or
refine the desired PES
change?
7. Owners consult
with a lawyer to
determine legality
of smoke-free
housing.
6. Apartment resident writes a letter encouraging
owners to adopt a smoke-free policy. 6. LHJ contacts
apartment ownership to discuss the benefits.
Implementation
1.What have you done to
raise public awareness of
the new policy or
environmental feature?
8. LHJ and apartment
management meet
with tenants to explain
policy and discuss
cessation resources.
9. LHJ and apartment
management meet
with tenants to explain
policy and discuss
cessation resources.
Evaluation
1. What have
you done to
evaluate the
impact of the
change?
2. What have you done to
support implementation?
3. What have you done to
monitor the
implementation process?
5. What policy, environmental or systems change was adopted?
10. October 2008: No smoking in all entryways, front
porches and stairways.
11. LHJ conducts
annual survey to ask
about implementation/
enforcement.
Describe any social, economic, or political changes that helped or hindered your work in this period:
1. Year 1: Smoking in Public Places law passes and demonstrates a social change around non-smokers rights. Momentum moves in the direction of tobacco
prevention policy work.
Mason County Tobacco Example: Year 3
HEALTHY COMMUNITIES POLICY DEVELOPMENT REPORT FORM
Reporting Agency: Mason County Health Department
Report Period Year 3, July 2009-June 2010
Action Plan Activity:
Topic:
Setting:
Desired PES Change:
MAPPS Strategy:
Problem Identification
1. What is the problem
needing a policy, environmental or system (PES)
solution?
2. Residents are exposed
to SHS in a HUD
subsidized multi-unit
housing complex.
2. What have you done to
collect, summarize and
interpret information relevant
to the issue?
3. LHJ met with resident
of apartment complex to
hear his complaint &
determine what
additional info to collect.
3. LHJ attended tobacco
coordinator meeting &
learned about the work of
other counties on SHS in
multi-unit housing.
14. Researched HUD
requirements regarding
smoke-free multi-unit
housing.
Policy
formulation
1. Who are your
partners?
4. Local Housing
Authority
4. Resident who
filed original
complaint.
2. What have you
done to build your
partnership or secure
funding?
Advocacy
1. Who are your stakeholders?
4. Tenants, management & owners at the apartment
complex.
2. What have you done to engage stakeholders and the general
public in supporting the proposal?
5. LHJ met with apartment management to discuss
benefits of smoke-free housing.
3. Who are the policy or decisionmakers?
4. Apartment ownership
4. What have you done to educate decision-makers and impact
the agenda setting process?
3. What have you
done to develop or
refine the desired PES
change?
7. Owners consult
with a lawyer to
determine legality
of smoke-free
housing.
15. Owner consults
with a lawyer to
determine next
steps.
6. Apartment resident writes a letter encouraging
owners to adopt a smoke-free policy. 6. LHJ contacts
apartment ownership to discuss the benefits.
16. LHJ contacted Housing Authority to identify
appropriate HUD contact.
17. LHJ contacted HUD project manager.
18. LHJ and apartment manager resubmit paperwork to
HUD project manager.
5. What policy, environmental or systems change was adopted?
10. October 2008: No smoking in all entryways, front
porches and stairways. 12. August 2009 apartment
complex becomes entirely smoke-free.
Implementation
1.What have you done to
raise public awareness of
the new policy or
environmental feature?
8. LHJ and apartment
management meet
with tenants to explain
policy and discuss
cessation resources.
9. LHJ and apartment
management meet
with tenants to explain
policy and discuss
cessation resources.
Evaluation
1. What have
you done to
evaluate the
impact of the
change?
2. What have you done to
support implementation?
3. What have you done to
monitor the
implementation process?
11. LHJ conducts
annual survey to ask
about implementation/
enforcement.
Describe any social, economic, or political changes that helped or hindered your work in this period:
1. Year 1: Smoking in Public Places law passes and demonstrates a social change around non-smokers rights. Momentum moves in the direction of tobacco
prevention policy work. 13. Year 3: April 2010 - HUD revokes addendum due to a process error but remains supportive of the policy.
Mason County Tobacco Example: Year 4
HEALTHY COMMUNITIES POLICY DEVELOPMENT REPORT FORM
Reporting Agency: Mason County Health Department
Report Period Year 4, July 2010-June 2011
Action Plan Activity:
Topic:
Setting:
Desired PES Change:
MAPPS Strategy:
Problem Identification
1. What is the problem
needing a policy, environmental or system (PES)
solution?
2. Residents are exposed
to SHS in a HUD
subsidized multi-unit
housing complex.
2. What have you done to
collect, summarize and
interpret information relevant
to the issue?
3. LHJ met with resident
of apartment complex to
hear his complaint &
determine what
additional info to collect.
3. LHJ attended tobacco
coordinator meeting &
learned about the work of
other counties on SHS in
multi-unit housing.
14. Researched HUD
requirements regarding
smoke-free multi-unit
housing.
Policy
formulation
1. Who are your
partners?
4. Local Housing
Authority
4. Resident who
filed original
complaint.
2. What have you
done to build your
partnership or secure
funding?
Advocacy
1. Who are your stakeholders?
4. Tenants, management & owners at the apartment
complex.
2. What have you done to engage stakeholders and the general
public in supporting the proposal?
5. LHJ met with apartment management to discuss
benefits of smoke-free housing.
3. Who are the policy or decisionmakers?
4. Apartment ownership
4. What have you done to educate decision-makers and impact
the agenda setting process?
3. What have you
done to develop or
refine the desired PES
change?
7. Owners consult
with a lawyer to
determine legality
of smoke-free
housing.
15. Owner consults
with a lawyer to
determine next
steps.
6. Apartment resident writes a letter encouraging
owners to adopt a smoke-free policy. 6. LHJ contacts
apartment ownership to discuss the benefits.
16. LHJ contacted Housing Authority to identify
appropriate HUD contact.
17. LHJ contacted HUD project manager.
18. LHJ and apartment manager resubmit paperwork to
HUD project manager.
5. What policy, environmental or systems change was adopted?
10. October 2008: No smoking in all entryways, front
porches and stairways. 12. August 2009 apartment
complex becomes entirely smoke-free. 19. Sept 2010
Policy enacted.
Implementation
1.What have you done to
raise public awareness of
the new policy or
environmental feature?
8. LHJ and apartment
management meet
with tenants to explain
policy and discuss
cessation resources.
9. LHJ and apartment
management meet
with tenants to explain
policy and discuss
cessation resources.
Evaluation
1. What have
you done to
evaluate the
impact of the
change?
2. What have you done to
support implementation?
3. What have you done to
monitor the
implementation process?
11. LHJ conducts
annual survey to ask
about implementation/
enforcement.
Describe any social, economic, or political changes that helped or hindered your work in this period:
1. Year 1: Smoking in Public Places law passes and demonstrates a social change around non-smokers rights. Momentum moves in the direction of tobacco
prevention policy work. 13. Year 3: April 2010 - HUD revokes addendum due to a process error but remains supportive of the policy.
How DOH Will Use Data From The Form
35
How will DOH report aggregate policy development?
Example using 2 NPAO Healthy Communities
Policy Development: Safe routes to school
by
MAPPS Strategy
Policy Development: Healthy food/drink
availability
Kittitas & Spokane Healthy Communities, July-December 2009
Kittitas & Spokane Healthy Communities, July-December 2009
Evaluating impact of policy
Evaluating impact of policy
1
Supporting & monitoring implemention
Supporting & monitoring implemention
3
Advocacy
1
Advocacy
1
3 new
policies
adopted
Developing partners, formulating policies
1 new
policy
adopted
Developing partners, formulating policies
Gathering info to define problem
Gathering info to define problem
0
2
0
4
Number of Initiatives
Policy Development: Safe & attractive places for physical activity Kittitas &
Spokane Healthy Communities, July-December 2009
2
Number of Initiatives
Policy Development: City planning, zoning & transportation
Kittitas & Spokane Healthy Communities, July- December 2009
Evaluating impact of policy
Evaluating impact of policy
Supporting & monitoring implemention
Supporting & monitoring implemention
Advocacy
5
Advocacy
1
6 new
policies
adopted
Developing partners, formulating policies
Developing partners, formulating policies
Gathering info to define problem
Gathering info to define problem
0
2
4
Number of Initiatives
6
8
10
0
2
4
Number of Initiatives
6
8
10
How will DOH report aggregate policy development?
Example using 2 NPAO Healthy Communities, Cont.
Summary of Policy Development in Kittitas & Spokane Healthy Communities
January - June 2010
Evaluating impact of
policy
1
Supporting & monitoring
implemention
3
Advocacy
1
1
Healthy food/drink
availability
5
Safe routes to school
1
9 new
policies
adopted
Developing partners,
0
formulating policies
Safe & attractive places
for activity
City Planning, zoning and
transportation
Gathering info to define
problem
0
2
4
6
Number of Initiatives
8
10
How will DOH report aggregate PES changes?
Projection: Washington State Poliices adopted 2005-2010*
with CPPW and Healthy Communities proposed policies
State & Local Policies Adopted in Washington State*
Workplace, faith, park, neighborhood
Based on MAPPS Strategies, 2005-2010
activity groups
Safe routes to school
3
Require daily physical activity in
afterschool/childcare settings
City planning, zoning and transportation
Safe routes to school
2 2
1
Support breastfeeding through policy
change and maternity care practices
Menu labeling
City planning, zoning and transportation
8
1 3
1
2 1
Limit unhealthy food/drink availability
4
0
2 2
1
14
9
Promote Physical Activity
1
Support breastfeeding through policy
change and maternity care practices
1
Menu labeling
1
4
Farm to institution, including schools,
State Policies = 12
2 1
worksites, hospitals, and other …
Local Policies = 42
Limit unhealthy food/drink availability 1 1
11
Healthy food/drink availability
2
Safe, attractive accessible places for
activity
1
Farm to institution, including schools,
worksites, hospitals, and other …
1
Require daily quality PE in schools
12
Safe, attractive accessible places for
activity
Promote Physical Activity
13
Signage for public transportation, bike
lanes/boulevards
Require daily physical activity in
afterschool/childcare settings
2
Require daily quality PE in schools
1
7
5
10
Healthy food/drink availability
15
20
25
State Policies = 12
Local Policies = 72
4
0
20
5
10
15
20
*These are policies in which DOH was directly involved; it does not reflect all Washington
policies enacted during this period.
*These are policies in which DOH was directly involved; it does not reflect all Washington
policies enacted during this period.
25