Transcript What is Matter? Chapter 2 Section 1 Matter • matter – anything that has mass & takes up space (volume)

What is Matter?
Chapter 2
Section 1
Matter
• matter – anything that has mass & takes up space (volume)
Mass vs. Weight
Mass
Weight
• mass - amount of matter
an object contains
• weight - a measure of
the force of gravity on an
object
– SI unit is the kilogram (kg)
– can be measured using a
balance (triple beam)
– mass is the same on Earth
and in space
– SI unit is the Newton (N)
– can be measured using a
scale (spring)
– depends on gravity, thus is
different on Earth and in
space
Physical Properties
Chapter 2
Section 2
Physical Properties
• physical property - any
characteristic that can be
observed without changing
the identity of the matter
Examples:
color
shape
odor/smell
taste
mass
volume
state of matter
density
thermal conductivity
malleability
ductility
solubility
Color
The ability to distinguish
Apple is red
Odor
The ability to distinguish based on
smell
Sulfur has a rotten smell
Mass
The amount of matter that
something is made of
Is it heavy?
Amount of space taken up
Can all the book fit in the
backpack?
The ability to transfer thermal
energy from one area to
another
Plasticfoam is a poor conductor, so
hot chocolate in a plasticfoam
cup will not burn your hand
The physical form in which a
substance exists, such as solid
liquid, or gas
Ice is water in its solid state
The ability to be pounded into thin
sheets
Aluminum can be rolled or pounded
into sheets to make foil
Ductility
The ability to be drawn or pulled
into a wire
Copper is often used to make wirings
Solubility
The ability to dissolve in another
substance
Sugar dissolves in water
Mass per unit volume
Lead is used to make sinkers for
fishing like because lead is more
dense than water.
Volume
Thermal Conductivity
State
Malleability
Density
Density
• density – the amount of matter within a given
volume
– Demonstration: People in a square
Which square is more dense?
Density
Now which one is more dense?
Density in Liquid
• Object is MORE dense
(higher density) it will SINK
• Object is LESS dense
(lower density) it will FLOAT
Liquid Layers
• If you pour together
liquids that don’t mix
and have different
densities, they will form
liquid layers.
• The liquid with the
highest density will be
on the bottom.
• The liquid with the
lowest density will be
on the top.
Liquid Layers
• Which layer has the highest density?
• Which layer has the lowest density?
• Imagine that the liquids have the
following densities:
–
–
–
–
10g/cm3
3g/cm3
6g/cm3
5g/cm3
Which number would go with which layer?
Density
ALWAYS
REMEMBER
UNITS!
Physical Change
• physical change - a change
that changes the appearance of
matter but the identity of
matter stays the same
• Examples:
–
–
–
–
cutting
breaking
tearing
melting