Transcript Smart Homes 2 Evolution of Buildings • • • Follows up on idea of accidentally smart home Examines how homes change over time Outlines some design guidelines.

Smart Homes 2
Evolution of Buildings
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Follows up on idea of
accidentally smart home
Examines how homes
change over time
Outlines some design
guidelines
How Do We Understand Homes Today?
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Ethnographic studies
– Observing people in situ
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Longitudinal studies
– Long-term studies
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Design-based methods
– Cultural probes
Different Kinds of Devices for Homes
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Information Appliances
– Internet fridge
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Interactive Household Objects
– Smart cups, Picture frames
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Augmented Furniture
– Smart tables, smart cupboards, smart garden furniture
Different Kinds of Devices for Homes
Kinds of Smart Home Research
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New forms of context sensing
– Detection of activity, to help “aging in place”
Some Aware Home Applications
MIT’s House_n
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House instrumented to make it easy to run
experiments
– http://architecture.mit.edu/house_n/placelab.html
Stewart Brand’s Framework
Stewart Brand’s Framework
Stewart Brand’s Framework
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Stuff owned by individuals
Space plan managed by familes
Services managed by landlord
Skin interacted with by public
Structure and site influenced by community
Stewart Brand’s Framework
Discussion
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Is the 6 S’s useful for thinking about ubicomp apps?
– Who manages? Lifespan? What kinds of things might be
supported?
– Stuff
- Smart gadgets, tv, smart pictures
– Space plan
- Sensors, smart floors
– Service
- Wireless, security, aging, awareness
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Most ubicomp has so far focused on stuff, space plan,
and service. Thoughts on site, structure, skin?
Discussion
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Think bigger: what about design patterns
– Organized by geographic scale
• Countries
• Cities and Towns
• Communities
– Public transit
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Neighborhoods
Clusters
Buildings
Rooms
Spaces
Mapping Current Research
Broken Expectations
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Making existing digital devices work together is hard
– Overhead is called “problem-time”
– Examined problem-time for various situations
Broken Expectations
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Nine participants
– Lots of them were tech savvy
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Wide range of needs
– Voice over IP setup
– Media center setup
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Encountered lots of problems
Broken Expectations
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Lots of small, independent components that don’t
play well with each other
– Lots of potential dependencies and connections
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Out-of-box usability test wouldn’t find many of
these problems
– Not sure if I agree here, depends on how test is set up
– Lab test vs follow home and observe set up
Broken Expectations
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People’s expectations didn’t match tech capabilities
– Lots of assumptions, expectations of tech
– Specific OS, specific kind of encryption, where it expected
to be connected, etc
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Authors claim this is broken expectations on user side
– Not sure if I agree here either
– I’d argue more for not-well-designed
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Possible solutions?
Broken Expectations
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People’s expectations didn’t match tech capabilities
– Lots of assumptions, expectations of tech
– Specific OS, specific kind of encryption, where it expected
to be connected, etc
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Authors claim this is broken expectations on user side
– Not sure if I agree here either
– I’d argue more for not-well-designed
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Possible solutions?
– Published collections of stuff that works together
– I have x and y, what should I buy next?
– Follow the leader (like the EMACS configuration files)
Principles of Smart Home Control
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Lots of research on controlling
devices, end-user programming
Tries to refocus the issue:
helping people control their
lives
Presents a study of families
and the problems they face
Presents design principles to
help families maintain control
Research in End-User Programming
Jigsaw (Humble et al,
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03)
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CAMP (Truong et al, 04)
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microCommander
(Jahnke et al, 02)
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Speakeasy
(Newman et al, 02)
CURRENT RESEARCH
Technical Perspective
• Smart home control
systems provide
control of devices
Anthropological Perspective
• Families are struggling to
gain control of their lives
How can smart home control systems help
user regain control of their devices
CURRENT RESEARCH
Technical Perspective
• Smart home control
systems provide
control of devices
Anthropological Perspective
• Families are struggling to
gain control of their lives
How can smart home control systems help
user regain control of their devices
families
lives
FINDINGS
“WICKED” PROBLEM OF ACTIVITY MANAGEMENT
EXAMPLE GAME OR PRACTICE? HOME OR AWAY? WHAT TIME?
EXAMPLE WHO PICKS UP? WHO DROPS OFF? WHERE?
EXAMPLE SHIN GUARDS, KNEE PADS. CLEATS OR FLATS?
EXAMPLE PRACTICE UNIFORM? HOME OR AWAY UNIFORM?
EXAMPLE CLEAN CLOTHES THE NIGHT BEFORE
EXAMPLE JUICE BEFORE OR AFTER? ORANGES AT HALFTIME?
BREAKDOWNS
LOST ON THE CALENDAR
BREAKDOWNS
LAST MINUTE CARPOOL DECISIONS
BREAKDOWNS
MOM’S OUT OF TOWN SO DAD’S IN CHARGE
BREAKDOWNS
MOM’S OUT OF TOWN SO DAD’S IN CHARGE
BREAKDOWNS
MOM’S OUT OF TOWN SO DAD’S IN CHARGE
BREAKDOWNS
CREEPING RESPONSIBILITY
BREAKDOWNS
CREEPING RESPONSIBILITY
BREAKDOWNS
UNPREDICTABLE ORANGES
BREAKDOWNS
SICK CHILD
BREAKDOWNS
CASCADE EFFECTS
Design Principles
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Allow for the organic evolution of routines and plans
Participate in the construction of family identity
The home is more than a location
Understand periodic changes, exceptions and
improvisation
Design for breakdowns
Easily construct new plans and routines, and modify
existing ones
Account for multiple, overlapping and occasionally
conflicting goals
Design Principles
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Organic evolution of routines and plans
– Possibly have ubicomp system be aware of routine,
but not force people into that routine either
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Allow creation and modification of new behaviors
– Make it easy for people to specify new behaviors / routines
– Support improvisation, breakdowns, exceptions
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Understand changes, exceptions, improv
– Seasonal changes, surprises
Design Principles
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Design for breakdowns
– Even if family is on schedule, world might not be
– You get carpool there, but other family is off-schedule
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Multiple, overlapping, sometimes conflicting goals
– Mom does laundry on Monday, Dad on Tuesday
Design Principles
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House is more than a location
– Mobile, at work, school, car
– Multiple places for information: calendars, school flyers,
sports schedules
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Construction of family identity
– Act of preparing food makes Mom feel like “Mom”
– Automating grocery list supports this role